Epichloe canadensis, a new interspecific epichloid hybrid symbiotic with Canada wildrye (Elymus canadensis)

Mycologia ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 104 (5) ◽  
pp. 1187-1199 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. D. Charlton ◽  
K. D. Craven ◽  
S. Mittal ◽  
A. A. Hopkins ◽  
C. A. Young
Keyword(s):  
Elymus Canadensis

Cytogenetics of hybrids of Elymus canadensis × Hordeum vulgare

1982 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mujeeb-Kazi ◽  
R. Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Elymus Canadensis

CYTOTAXONOMY OF THE SPECIES AND INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDS OF THE GENUS ELYMUS IN CANADA AND NEIGHBORING AREAS

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 547-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wray M. Bowden
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Introduced Species ◽  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Voucher Specimens ◽  
Elymus Canadensis ◽  
Elymus Species

A cytotaxonomic treatment is given for 12 native species, 2 introduced species, and 3 natural interspecific hybrids of the genus Elymus L. that occur in Canada. Five of the native Elymus species and an additional natural interspecific hybrid are found in Alaska. Eleven of the native species, one introduced species, and two of the natural interspecific hybrids are present in the mainland United States. Some additional native species and natural interspecific hybrids of Elymus from the mainland United States are treated briefly.Nomenclatural proposals include: Elymusglaucus Buckl. var. virescens (Piper) Bowden; E. ×uclueletensis Bowden (E. mollis Trin. f. mollis × E. glaucus Buckl. var. glaucus); E. × aleuticus Hultén (pro sp.) (E. mollis Trin. f. mollis × E. hirsutus Presl); E. canadensis L. var. wiegandii (Fern.) Bowden f. wiegandii and f. calvescens (Fern.) Bowden; E. ×maltei Bowden nm. maltei, nm. simulans Bowden, nm. churchii Bowden, and nm. brownii Bowden (E. virginicus L. × E. canadensis L.); E. virginicus L. var. jenkinsii Bowden; E. hystrix L. var. bigelovianus (Fern.) Bowden; E.piperi Bowden; E. innovatus Beal subsp. innovatus var. glabratus Bowden; and E. triticoides Buckl. var. pacificus (Gould) Bowden. Hystrixpatula Moench is here treated as Elymushystrix L.Voucher specimens are cited for the following chromosome number determinations:(1) diploid, 2n = 14: Elymusjunceus.(2) tetraploid, 2n = 28: Elymus canadensis var. canadensis, E. canadensis var. wiegandii f. wiegandii, E. diversiglumis, E. glaucus var. glaucus, E. glaucus var. virescens, E. hirsutus, E, hystrix var. hystrix, E. hystrix var. bigelovianus, E. innovatus subsp. innovatus var. innovatus, E. × maltei nm. maltei, E. riparius, E. sibiricus, E. villosus f. villosus, E. virginicus var. virginicus f. virginicus, and E. virginicus var. submuticus.Earlier literature reports (based on voucher specimens) are given for the following:(1) tetraploid, 2n = 28: Elymus mollis (two subsp. and three forms), E. piperi, and E. × vancouverensis nm. crescentianus.(2) hexaploid, 2n = 42: Elymus × vancouverensis nm. vancouverensis, and E. × vancouverensis nm. californicus.(3) octoploid, 2n = 56: Elymus arenarius, E. innovatus subsp. velutinus, and E. piperi.

EXPERIMENTS WITH SOME NATIVE AND INTRODUCED PLANTS AS FOODS FOR CAMNULA PELLUCIDA (SCUDD.) (ORTHOPTERA: ACRIDIDAE) IN WESTERN CANADA

1962 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 589-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. G. Putnam
Keyword(s):  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Bouteloua Gracilis ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Festuca Rubra ◽  
Field Cage ◽  
Agropyron Elongatum ◽  
Agropyron Smithii ◽  
Introduced Plants ◽  
Percentage Survival ◽  
Elymus Canadensis

In field cage experiments, 17 native and introduced grasses and a native sedge, grown in pure culture, differed in their effect on the growth, survival and rate of population increase of the clear-winged grasshopper, Camnula pellucida. In terms of eggs deposited, Festuca rubra permitted a 24-lold population increase in a 1-year test; in tests repeated in 2 consecutive years, Agropyron elongatum, A. cristatum, Elymus junceus, Poa pratensis and P. compressa produced average annual increases of 10- to 18-fold; A. intermedium, A. dasystachyum, A. trachycaulum var. typicum, A. riparium, Poa ampla, and Bromus inermis, 3- to 8-fold. Agropyron smithii, Elymus canadensis, Stipa spartea, S. viridula, Bouteloua gracilis and Carex stenophylla var. enervis (1 year’s results), 2-fold or less. Percentage survival to the adult stage, rate of development, and apparently, robustness, were all positively correlated with population increase, but not strongly.

Characterisation of fungal endophytes present in Elymus canadensis (Canada wildrye)

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 473-476
Author(s):  
Kirsti Burr ◽  
Shipra Mittal ◽  
Andy Hopkins ◽  
Carolyn Young
Keyword(s):  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Endophytic Fungus ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Ergot Alkaloids ◽  
Hybrid Origin ◽  
Prairie Restoration ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Far North ◽  
Bunch Grass ◽  
Elymus Canadensis

Elymus canadensis (Canada wildrye - CWR) is a native perennial cool season bunch grass tolerant to a range of soils, winter hardy and able to grow across the United Sates and as far North as Southern Alaska. Canada wildrye is often used for prairie restoration, conservation and erosion stabilisation. Young CWR plant tissue is palatable and nutritious to grazing animals. CWR has been reported to harbour a sexual endophytic fungus, Epichloë elymi, but some accessions have been identified that have not produced stroma. We isolated and characterised the epichloë endophytes from three endophyte-infected CWR accessions collected from Mexico and Texas. We established that the endophytes present in these CWR accessions are of hybrid origin, with E. elymi and E. amarillans ancestral genomes, and are therefore considered to be asexual isolates. The endophytes were examined for their alkaloid potential, particularly the detrimental ergot alkaloids, with inconclusive results. Keywords: Elymus canadensis, Canada wildrye, hybrid, Epichloë elymi, Epichloë amarillans

Differentiation of H genomes in the genus Critesion: evidence from synthetic hybrids involving Elymus and Critesion and one natural hybrid of C. violaceum and C. bogdanii

1986 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 947-953 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard R. -C. Wang ◽  
C. Hsiao
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Meiotic Chromosome ◽  
Embryo Rescue ◽  
Plant Morphology ◽  
Natural Hybrid ◽  
Spike Morphology ◽  
Genome Differentiation ◽  
Synthetic Hybrids ◽  
Elymus Canadensis ◽  
Elymus Species

Hybrids of Elymus canadensis (2n = 28; SSHH) × Critesion californicum (2n = 14) and E. canadensis × C. bulbosum (2n = 14) were synthesized at relative frequencies of 11.8 and 0.3%, respectively, by the aid of embryo rescue techniques. A natural hybrid was identified as C. violaceum × C. bogdanii (2n = 14) by a combination of karytotype analysis and plant morphology. Gross spike morphology of the hybrids was intermediate to that of the parents. Meiotic chromosome pairings in these hybrids suggested that the genome of C. californicum and C. bogdanii is more or less homologous with one of the two genomes of E. canadensis. Genomes of C. violaceum and C. bulbosum appeared to be different from each other and from those in C. bogdanii and C. californicum. Based on the data in this study and others, the degree of genome differentiation among some Critesion and some Elymus species containing the H genome was examined and discussed. The symbol H is proposed for the genome in C. bogdanii and C. californicum, Hv for C. violaceum, Hb for C. bulbosum, and Hc for C. chilense.Key words: interspecific hybrids, synapsis, phylogeny, Hordeum, Elymus, Critesion.

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