Genetic diversity of Rhizoctonia solani associated with potato tubers in France

Mycologia ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 103 (6) ◽  
pp. 1230-1244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Fiers ◽  
Véronique Edel-Hermann ◽  
Cécile Héraud ◽  
Nadine Gautheron ◽  
Catherine Chatot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Potato Tubers

scholarly journals First Report of Black Scurf Caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG-3 on Potato Tubers in Mauritius

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 213
Author(s):  
S. D. Takooree ◽  
H. Neetoo ◽  
V. M. Ranghoo-Sanmukhiya ◽  
S. Hardowar ◽  
J. E. van der Waals ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Black Scurf ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
First Report

scholarly journals Rhizoctonia solani Anastomosis Group 3 is Predominant in Potato Tubers in Poland

Plant Disease ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 97 (9) ◽  
pp. 1245-1245 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Woodhall ◽  
B. Lutomirska ◽  
J. C. Peters ◽  
P. S. Wharton
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Anastomosis Group ◽  
Black Scurf ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Hyphal Fusion ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Plant Pathol ◽  
Potato Crops

Rhizoctonia solani is a species complex of 13 related but genetically distinct anastomosis groups (AGs). In potato, R. solani can infect the stems, stolons, and roots, resulting in quantitative losses. It can also cause qualitative losses through blemishes occurring on progeny tubers, such as black scurf and elephant hide (corky cracking). Knowledge of the AG in local populations is important because they differ in host range, fungicide sensitivity, and disease severity (2). To determine the AGs present in Poland, 54 tuber samples displaying typical R. solani symptoms were taken from six different fields in 2011. The fields were representative of five different administrative regions of Poland and from at least 10 different varieties. Rhizoctonia was isolated from tubers by placing symptomatic material on to tap water agar amended with streptomycin and penicillin and after 2 to 3 days Rhizoctonia colonies were identified and hyphal tips of these transferred to potato dextrose agar. Rhizoctonia was successfully isolated from 48 tubers displaying black scurf and two tubers displaying elephant hide symptoms. DNA was extracted from Rhizoctonia cultures using a Wizard Food kit (Promega) and the AG was determined using specific real-time PCR assays (1). All Rhizoctonia isolates were determined to be AG3 and this was confirmed for 10 selected isolates by observing hyphal fusion with a known AG3 tester isolate (Rs08) as described previously (3). Pairings were also conducted amongst the 10 Polish isolates, C2 reactions were typically observed indicating numerous vegetative compatible groups are present. This study shows that AG3 is likely to be the predominant AG in potato tubers in Poland. This is similar to other studies in Europe, which have all determined that AG3 accounts for at least 92% of isolates from potato (2,3). AG2-1, 4, and 5 have also been found in tubers worldwide and climate and certain crop rotations can influence the presence of these other AGs in potato tubers (2). However, climate and crop rotations in Poland are similar to other parts of Europe so the predominance of AG3 is expected. AG3 was also isolated from elephant hide symptoms; however, it was more frequently isolated from sclerotia. The ability of AG3 to prolifically produce sclerotia and thereby survive on seed tubers may explain its predominance in potato crops (4). Therefore, studies focusing on the management of Rhizoctonia potato disease in Poland should consider AG3 in the first instance. References: (1) G. E. Budge et al. Plant Pathol. 58:1071, 2009. (2) L. Tsror. J. Phytopathol. 158:649, 2010. (3) J. W. Woodhall et al. Plant Pathol. 56:286, 2007. (4) J. W. Woodhall et al. Plant Pathol. 57:5, 2008.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity and Aggressiveness of Ralstonia solanacearum Strains Causing Bacterial Wilt of Potato in Uruguay

Plant Disease ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 95 (10) ◽  
pp. 1292-1301 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. I. Siri ◽  
A. Sanabria ◽  
M. J. Pianzzola
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
First Time ◽  
Different Levels

Bacterial wilt, caused by Ralstonia solanacearum, is a major disease affecting potato (Solanum tuberosum) production worldwide. Although local reports suggest that the disease is widespread in Uruguay, characterization of prevalent R. solanacearum strains in that country has not been done. In all, 28 strains of R. solanacearum isolated from major potato-growing areas in Uruguay were evaluated, including 26 strains isolated from potato tubers and 2 from soil samples. All strains belonged to phylotype IIB, sequevar 1 (race 3, biovar 2). Genetic diversity of strains was assessed by repetitive-sequence polymerase chain reaction, which showed that the Uruguayan strains constituted a homogeneous group. In contrast, inoculation of the strains on tomato and potato plants showed, for the first time, different levels of aggressiveness among R. solanacearum strains belonging to phylotype IIB, sequevar 1. Aggressiveness assays were also performed on accessions of S. commersonii, a wild species native to Uruguay that is a source of resistance for potato breeding. No significant interactions were found between bacterial strains and potato and S. commersonii genotypes, and differences in aggressiveness among R. solanacearum strains were consistent with previously identified groups based on tomato and potato inoculations. Moreover, variation in responses to R. solanacearum was observed among the S. commersonii accessions tested.

scholarly journals A longitudinal study on morphogenetic diversity of pathogenic Rhizoctonia solani from sugar beet and dry beans of western Nebraska

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saurav Das ◽  
Tammy Plyler-Harveson ◽  
Dipak K. Santra ◽  
Robert M. Harveson ◽  
Kathy A. Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Distinct Group ◽  
Issr Marker ◽  
Dry Beans ◽  
Dry Bean

AbstractRoot and stem rot caused by Rhizoctonia solani is a serious fungal disease of sugar beet and dry bean production in Nebraska. Objective was to characterize morpho-genetic diversity of 38 Rhizoctonia solani isolated from sugar beet and dry beans fields in western Nebraska over 10 years. Classical morphological features and ISSR marker was used to study the morphogenetic diversity. Fungal colonies were morphologically diverse in shapes, aerial hyphae formation and colony, sclerotia color. Marker analysis using nineteen polymorphic ISSR marker showed polymorphic bands ranged from 15 - 28 with molecular weight 100bp to 3kb. Polymorphic loci ranged from 43.26 – 92.88%. Nei genetic distance within the population was ranged 0.03 –0.09 and Shannon diversity index varied from 0.24 – 0.28. AMOVA analysis based on ΦPT values showed 87% variation within and 13% among the population with statistical significance. Majority of the isolates from sugar beet showed nearby association within the population. There was significant number of cross crop clustering suggesting their broad pathogenicity. Isolates were grouped into three different clusters in UPGMA based cluster analysis using marker information. Interestingly, there was no specific geographical correlation between the isolates. PCA analysis showed randomized distribution among isolates from same geographical origin. Morphological characteristics showed crop-specific two distinct groups of isolates with few exceptions. While, genetic diversity showed two distinct group of isolates, one crop specific and one with wide pathogenicity. This information may help in molecular pathotyping of the pathogen for better disease management.

scholarly journals Investigation of Streptomyces scabies Causing Potato Scab by Various Detection Techniques, Its Pathogenicity and Determination of Host-Disease Resistance in Potato Germplasm

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 760
Author(s):  
Sohaib Ismail ◽  
Bo Jiang ◽  
Zohreh Nasimi ◽  
M. Inam-ul-Haq ◽  
Naoki Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Common Scab ◽  
Streptomyces Scabies ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Streptomyces Species ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Streptomyces Spp ◽  
Geographical Regions

Streptomyces scabies is a Gram-positive bacterial pathogen that causes common scab disease to several crops, particularly in the potato. It is a soil borne pathogen, a very devastating scab pathogen and difficult to manage in the field. Streptomyces has several species that cause common scab such as S. scabiei, S. acidiscabies, S. europaeiscabiei, S. luridiscabiei, S. niveiscabiei, S. puniciscabiei, S. reticuliscabiei, S. stelliscabiei, S. turgidiscabies, S. ipomoeae. Common scab disease harmfully affects potato economic and market value due to the presence of black spots on the tuber. Owing to its genetic diversity and pathogenicity, the determination of pathogen presence in potato fields is still challenging. In this study, S. scabies genetic diversity was measured by surveying five potato-growing areas of Pakistan during the growing season 2019. A total of 50 Streptomyces isolates, including S. scabies, S. acidiscabies, S. griseoflavus were isolated and identified based on morphologic, biochemical and molecular analysis. Virulent confirmation assays confirmed ten virulent strains of Streptomyces spp. On the potato cultivars Cardinal and Santee. Among the Streptomyces species, S. scabies showed the highest scab index, followed by S. acidiscabies and S. griseoflavus by exhibiting the scab-like lesions on potato tubers. Ten potato cultivars were screened against these virulent isolates of Streptomyces. The Faisalabad white variety showed the highest scab index followed By Cardinal, Tourag, Kuroda, Santee, Lady Rosetta, Asterix, Diamant, Faisalabad red and Sadaf. Moreover, genetic diversity and pathogenicity of Streptomyces spp. on potato tubers were also likely diverse in different geographical regions and also potato cultivars. This study represents a contribution to understanding the local interaction between potatoes and Streptomyces spp. in Pakistan. It will aid in supporting a solution for the management of this pathogen around the world.

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