scholarly journals Acceptable Risk in Military Bridge Evaluation

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
MacDonald ◽  
Wight ◽  
Bartlett
Keyword(s):  
Acceptable Risk ◽  
Bridge Evaluation ◽  
Military Bridge

Model for assigning security objects to a specific risk category in the field of fire safety

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 ◽  
pp. 19-31
Author(s):  
D. V. Zobkov ◽  
◽  
A. A. Poroshin ◽  
A. A. Kondashov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Risk Category ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Acceptable Risk ◽  
Individual Object ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Risk Categories

Introduction. A mathematical model is presented for assigning protection objects to certain risk categories in the field of fire safety. The model is based on the concepts of the probability of adverse effects of fires causing harm (damage) of various extent and severity to the life or health of citizens, and the acceptable risk of harm (damage) from fires. Goals and objectives. The purpose of the study is to develop the procedure for assigning protection objects to a certain category of risk of harm (damage) based on estimates of the probability of fires with the corresponding severity consequences, to determine the acceptable level of risk of harm (damage) due to the fires, to calculate and develop numerical values of criteria for assigning objects of protection to the appropriate risk categories. Methods. The boundaries of the intervals corresponding to certain risk categories are determined by dividing the logarithmic scale of severity of adverse effects of fires into equal segments. Classification methods are used to assign objects of protection to a specific risk category. Results and discussion. Based on the level of severity of potential negative consequences of a fire, risk categories were determined for groups of protection objects that are homogeneous by type of economic activity and by functional fire hazard classes. The risk category for each individual object of protection is proposed to be determined using the so-called index of "identification of a controlled person" within a group of objects that are homogeneous by type of economic activity and class of functional fire hazard. Depending on the risk category, the periodicity of planned control and supervision measures in relation to the specific object of protection under consideration is determined, taking into account its socio-economic characteristics and the state of compliance with fire safety requirements by the controlled person. Conclusions. To develop criteria for classifying protection objects that are homogeneous in terms of economic activity and functional fire hazard classes, the probability of negative consequences of fires, that are causing harm (damage) of various extent and severity to the life or health of citizens, and the acceptable risk of causing harm (damage) as a result of fires, is used. The risk category for each individual object of protection is determined taking into account socio-economic characteristics of the object that affect the level of ensuring its fire safety, as well as the criteriaof integrity of the subordinate person that characterize the probability of non-compliance with mandatory fire safety requirements at the object of protection. Calculations are made and numerical values of criteria for assigning protection objects that are homogeneous in terms of economic activity and functional fire hazard classes to a certain category of risk are proposed. Key words: object of protection, probability of fire, acceptable level of risk, risk category, dangerous factor of fire, death and injury of people.

scholarly journals Review of annual progress of bridge engineering in 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renda Zhao ◽  
Yuan Yuan ◽  
Xing Wei ◽  
Ruili Shen ◽  
Kaifeng Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Concrete Bridges ◽  
Bridge Engineering ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Steel Bridge ◽  
Wind Resistance ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Bridge Model ◽  
Bridge Evaluation ◽  
Bridge Structures

AbstractBridge construction is one of the cores of traffic infrastructure construction. To better develop relevant bridge science, this paper introduces the main research progress in China and abroad in 2019 from 13 aspects, including concrete bridges and the high-performance materials, the latest research on steel-concrete composite girders, advances in box girder and cable-supported bridge analysis theories, advance in steel bridges, the theory of bridge evaluation and reinforcement, bridge model tests and new testing techniques, steel bridge fatigue, wind resistance of bridges, vehicle-bridge interactions, progress in seismic design of bridges, bridge hydrodynamics, bridge informatization and intelligent bridge and prefabricated concrete bridge structures.

Progressive Preoperative Pneumoperitoneum for Hernias with Loss of Domain

2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 504-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Stephen Mcadory ◽  
William S. Cobb ◽  
Alfredo M. Carbonell
Keyword(s):  
Hernia Repair ◽  
Operative Time ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Tissue Expander ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
Hernia Recurrence ◽  
Acceptable Risk ◽  
Loss Of Domain ◽  
Vena Cava Filters ◽  
Port Infection

Acting as a pneumatic tissue expander, progressive preoperative pneumoperitoneum (PPP) pressurizes the abdomen to prepare patients with giant hernias and loss of domain for hernia repair. We review our experience with PPP. Between 2006 and 2008, a prospective hernia database revealed nine patients who underwent PPP prior to hernia repair. Mean patient age was 54 years (41-68) and mean BMI was 31.3 kg/m2 (25.2-36.5). Patients had prophylactic vena cava filters and intraperitoneal catheters placed. Over a mean 22.4 days (7-64), patients received 7.6 (3-13) injections of air. PPP complications included death from pulmonary mycetoma (1), deep venous thrombosis and acute renal failure (1), port infection (1), kinked catheter requiring reoperation (1). Seven patients underwent successful hernia repair; open ventral (6) and laparoscopic inguinal (1). Defect size averaged 387 cm2 (110-980) with a mesh size of 420 cm2 (180-1200). Operative time averaged 256 minutes (175-330) with a mean blood loss of 157 ml (50-500). Post-hernia repair length of stay was 10.3 days (4-22). Hernia repair complications included ventricular tachycardia (1) and hernia recurrence (1). PPP has an acceptable risk, and for patients with large hernias and loss of domain, it may be a useful adjunct prior to definitive hernia repair.

bridges over the river Kei

Toposcope ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 40-51
Author(s):  
William Martinson
Keyword(s):  
Concrete Bridge ◽  
Railway Bridge ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Military Bridge ◽  
The Village ◽  
Lattice Girder ◽  
Short Section

The article is the outcome of the author's long-standing interest in the number and variety of bridges that were built within a short section of the Great Kei River at Victoria Drift - in close proximity to the village of Komgha - over a 100-year period. The particular bridges under scrutiny - with their dates of construction - are as follows: Temporary Military Bridge, 1877 (no longer extant) Lattice Girder Wagon Bridge, 1879 Timber Railway Bridge, 1905 (only foundations remaining) Relocated Lattice Girder Railway Bridge, 1948 N2 SANRAL Concrete Bridge, 1977.

Forestry and landslides: What's acceptable in BC?

2009 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
R H Guthrie
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Public Key ◽  
Expert Advice ◽  
Forest Industry ◽  
Landslide Risk ◽  
Acceptable Risk ◽  
The Public ◽  
Landslide Risk Assessment

Landslides are unavoidably linked to forestry operations in coastal BC. A neglected component of landslide risk assessment is the degree to which impacts from landslides may be acceptable. One hundred and thirteen professionals in the BC forest industry, including foresters, biologists, geoscientists and engineers, examined landslide tolerability criteria. Despite differences by sector, there was general agreement that landslides resultant of ignoring expert advice or where an expert was clearly at fault were unacceptable, and penalties were high. In more ambiguous cases, increased consequences resulted in increased scrutiny and it was clear that experts should expect to be held responsible for their decisions by government officiators and the public. Key words: landslide, risk, risk perception, acceptable risk, landslides and forestry

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