scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF POLYPROPYLENE FIBERS USAGE AS SORBENTS OF OIL SPILLS RESULTING FROM THE TRANSPORT ACCIDE / POLIPROPILENO PLUOŠTO NAUDOJIMO EFEKTYVUMAS IŠSILIEJUS NAFTAI TRANSPORTO OBJEKTUOSE

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 536-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy Sęk ◽  
Olga Shtyka ◽  
Kamila Szymczak
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Polypropylene Fibers ◽  
Synthetic Material ◽  
Regional Production ◽  
Oil Water

The effectiveness of polypropylene fibers as sorbents of oil-water emulsions was the object of the research in the present publication. Thus the sorption capacity of the synthetic material of the regional production with for emulsions of different concentration was investigated. Santrauka Straipsnyje nagrinėjama polipropileno pluošto naudojimo avarinionaftos išsiliejimo metu problema. Polipropileno pluoštasnaudojamas kaip naftą sugerianti medžiaga. Pateiktos skirtingostorio polipropileno pluošto išsiliejusios naftos sugeriamumosavybės.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATION OF HEMP WATER SORPTION CAPACITY / NATŪRALIŲ ORGANINIŲ KANAPIŲ SPALIŲ SORBENTO NAFTOS PRODUKTAMS ŠALINTI TYRIMAS

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-402
Author(s):  
Eglė Budriūtė ◽  
Vaidotas Vaišis ◽  
Donatas Mikulskis
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Water Sorption ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Industry Waste ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Water Sorption Capacity

Effective clean-up of oil spills due to their negative environmental and economic impact is of capital importance. Clean-up of oil by sorption is considered one of the most desirable choices, because oil can be completely removed without causing any secondary pollution. Natural organic sorbents had been investigated and developed to control oil products‘ spills. Plant biomass is a renewable resource which can be converted into various materials and energy. Hemp (USO-31), as a textile industry waste, was used as an oil product sorbent material. The present study examines hemp sorption capacity of water using different fractions of hemp raw material to be used in oil/water mixtures. The experimental research revealed that water sorption capacity depends on fraction size and sorption time. The results of water sorption capacity of 2.5 and 5.0 mm after 1440 min were 4.74 and 4.67 g water/g dry sorbent, respectively. Labai svarbu efektyviai likviduoti išsiliejusius naftos produktus dėl jų neigiamo poveikio aplinkai ir ekonomikai. Naftos produktų valymo metodas pasitelkiant sorbentus yra laikomas vienu iš geriau­sių pasirinkimų, nes produktai yra absorbuojami sorbentų, nesukeliant jokios antrinės taršos. Natūralūs organiniai sorbentai buvo tiriami ir tobulinami, siekiant kontroliuoti naftos produktų išsiliejimus. Augalų biomasė yra atsinaujinantis išteklis, kuris gali būti naudojamas įvairioms medžiagoms ir energijai išgauti. Kanapių spaliai (USO-31), tekstilės pramonės atlieka, buvo tiriami kaip naftos produktų sorbentas. Buvo išnagrinėta kanapių vandens sorbcija naudojant įvairias šios medžiagos frakcijas. Eksperimentinis tyrimas parodė, kad vandens sorbcija priklauso nuo frakcijos dydžio ir sorbcijos laiko. Tyrimų metu buvo nustatyta vandens sorbcijos geba – 4,74 ir 4,67 g vandens/g sauso sorbento 2,5 ir 5,0 mm pavyzdžiams po 1440 min atitinkamai.

Fabrication of hydrophobic NiFe2O4@poly(DVB-LMA) sponge via Pickering emulsion template method for oil/water separation

Soft Matter ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caimei Zhao ◽  
Lei Chen ◽  
Chuanming Yu ◽  
Binghua Hu ◽  
Haoxuan Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spills ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Pickering Emulsion ◽  
Template Method ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Oil Water Separation ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Cost Efficient

Super-hydrophobic porous absorbent is a convenient, low-cost, efficient and environment-friendly material in the treatment of oil spills. In this work, a simple Pickering emulsion template method was employed to fabricate...

scholarly journals Tagging Oil-Residues in Tankers with Microparticles

1973 ◽  
Vol 1973 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-90
Author(s):  
P. O. Agnedal
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Metal Particles ◽  
Oil Transport ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cost Aspect

ABSTRACT The increase in pollution by oil spills in the Baltic has lead to the Minister of Transport to set up a committee with the task to find methods for identifying ships responsible for oil spills. A preliminary study of the oil transport situation in Sweden had shown that the fingerprint method for identification will be difficult to use. The study also showed that microparticles of plastic and metal as tags might be used. In most cases the oil spills in the Baltic are due to pumping out residues mixed with ballast. In the present paper the merits of different methods for tagging these residues, including the cost aspect, are treated as well as identification of recovered oil samples. In a field experiment the oil residues in a tanker were tagged. Some of its tanks were tagged with plastic particles and some with metal particles. The tanks were treated in different ways for cleaning and the oil-water mixtures were then pumped out in the sea under controlled conditions. The different spills were kept inside an enclosure for a fortnight and samples were taken every day. In all analysed samples the tagged substance could be recovered and identified. A plan for testing this method on a larger scale is under preparation.

scholarly journals Surface Engineering of Ceramic Nanomaterials for Separation of Oil/Water Mixtures

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Usama Zulfiqar ◽  
Andrew G. Thomas ◽  
Allan Matthews ◽  
David J. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Surface Engineering ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Chemical Interaction ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Manufacturing Operations ◽  
Industrial Oil ◽  
Oil Water Separation ◽  
Oil Water

Oil/water mixtures are a potentially major source of environmental pollution if efficient separation technology is not employed during processing. A large volume of oil/water mixtures is produced via many manufacturing operations in food, petrochemical, mining, and metal industries and can be exposed to water sources on a regular basis. To date, several techniques are used in practice to deal with industrial oil/water mixtures and oil spills such as in situ burning of oil, bioremediation, and solidifiers, which change the physical shape of oil as a result of chemical interaction. Physical separation of oil/water mixtures is in industrial practice; however, the existing technologies to do so often require either dissipation of large amounts of energy (such as in cyclones and hydrocyclones) or large residence times or inventories of fluids (such as in decanters). Recently, materials with selective wettability have gained attention for application in separation of oil/water mixtures and surfactant stabilized emulsions. For example, a superhydrophobic material is selectively wettable toward oil while having a poor affinity for the aqueous phase; therefore, a superhydrophobic porous material can easily adsorb the oil while completely rejecting the water from an oil/water mixture, thus physically separating the two components. The ease of separation, low cost, and low-energy requirements are some of the other advantages offered by these materials over existing practices of oil/water separation. The present review aims to focus on the surface engineering aspects to achieve selectively wettability in materials and its their relationship with the separation of oil/water mixtures with particular focus on emulsions, on factors contributing to their stability, and on how wettability can be helpful in their separation. Finally, the challenges in application of superwettable materials will be highlighted, and potential solutions to improve the application of these materials will be put forward.

Attachment of a Hydrophobically Modified Biopolymer at the Oil–Water Interface in the Treatment of Oil Spills

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 3572-3580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pradeep Venkataraman ◽  
Jingjian Tang ◽  
Etham Frenkel ◽  
Gary L. McPherson ◽  
Jibao He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spills ◽  
Water Interface ◽  
Hydrophobically Modified ◽  
Oil Water

The Effect of Viscosity Ratio on the Hydrodynamics of Separation From an Oil-Coated Particle

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sasan Mehrabian ◽  
Nima Abbaspour ◽  
Markus Bussmann ◽  
Edgar Acosta
Keyword(s):  
Oil Sands ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Viscosity Ratio ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Viscous Forces ◽  
Coated Particle ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Maximum Separation

Separating oil from solid particles is of great importance in many industrial processes including the extraction of bitumen from oil sands, and the remediation of oil spills. The usual approach is to separate the oil from the solid by introducing another liquid (e.g. water). Separation is often assisted by fluid mixing, and chemical addition. Yet while oil-water-particle separation has been well studied from a chemical standpoint, little research has taken into account the effect of hydrodynamics on separation. In this work, the separation of oil from a single oil-coated spherical particle falling through an aqueous solution was evaluated as a function of viscosity ratio. Solvents were used to modify the viscosity of the oil. The experiments were recorded using a high-speed camera and post-processed using the MATLAB image-processing toolbox. A CFD model has also been developed to study this phenomenon. The results indicate that when viscous forces are strong enough, the oil film deforms, flows to the back of the sphere, and forms a tail that eventually breaks up into a series of droplets due to a capillary wave instability. When the viscosity ratio is small (i.e. the oil is less viscous than the solution), a thin tail forms quickly, the growth rate of the instability is high, and hence the tail breaks very quickly into smaller droplets. When the viscosity ratio is high (i.e. the oil is more viscous), more time is required for the deformation/separation to initiate, and the tail is thicker and breaks more slowly into larger droplets. It was observed that when the viscosity ratio is close to 1, the rate of separation is increased and maximum separation is achieved.

OIL THICKNESS DETECTION USING WIDEBAND RADIOMETRY

1995 ◽  
Vol 1995 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. B. McMahon ◽  
E. R. Brown ◽  
G. D. Daniels ◽  
T. J. Murphy ◽  
G. L. Hover
Keyword(s):  
Millimeter Wave ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Thickness Distribution ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Laboratory Setting ◽  
Frequency Scanning ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Bodies Of Water ◽  
Oil Films ◽  
Oil Thickness

ABSTRACT A major problem in the cleanup of oil spills on large bodies of water is determining the oil thickness distribution since much of the oil can be contained in a small fraction of the spill area. Knowledge of the location of the thick patches allows one to use cleanup resources more efficiently. To address this problem, we have designed, built and tested a millimeter-wave, frequency-scanning radiometer for remotely determining the thickness of oil films. The work is based on the theory of the frequency-scanning radiometer. Experimental results, obtained in an outdoor laboratory setting, show agreement between our theory and measured data for oil thicknesses ranging from 0 to 10 mm in 1 mm steps. A visible change was obtained for 0.1 mm steps from 0.0 to 1.0 mm of oil. The study also demonstrated that thin oil/water emulsions are detectable.

Continuous oil–water separation with surface modified sponge for cleanup of oil spills

RSC Advances ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (96) ◽  
pp. 53514-53519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daxiong Wu ◽  
Ziya Yu ◽  
Wenjuan Wu ◽  
Linlin Fang ◽  
Haitao Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spills ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Oil Water Separation ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Surface Modified

scholarly journals Fabrication of PDMS@Fe3O4/MS Composite Materials and Its Application for Oil-Water Separation

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Jiaqi Wang ◽  
Zhenzhong Fan ◽  
Qingwang Liu ◽  
Qilei Tong ◽  
Biao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Force ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Oily Wastewater ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Simple Preparation ◽  
Oil Water Separation ◽  
Absorbing Material ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Nano Fe3o4

The discharge of oily wastewater and oil spills at sea are the current difficulties in water pollution control. This problem often leads to terrible disasters. Therefore, the effective realization of oil-water separation is a very challenging problem. Superhydrophobic sponge is a promising oil-absorbing material. In this article, we reported a superhydrophobic sponge with nano-Fe3O4 for oil-water separation. The addition of nano-Fe3O4 allows the sponge to be recycled under the action of magnetic force. The sponge has the advantages of low cost, simple preparation and efficient oil-water separation. This kind of sponge is very worthy of promotion for the treatment of oily wastewater and marine oil spill accidents.

Hydrodynamic Simulation and Optimization of an Oil Skimmer

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaoyu Ni ◽  
Wei Qiu ◽  
Anran Zhang ◽  
David Prior
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Hydrodynamic Performance ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Vacuum Tower ◽  
Simulation And Optimization ◽  
Oil Water

Oil spills can cause severe environmental damage. In-situ burning or chemical dispersant methods can be used in many situations; however these methods are highly toxic and fail in slightly rough seas. In-situ burning also has to begin very quickly before the lighter, flammable components in the oil evaporate. Oil recovery techniques have also been developed to recover oil using skimmer equipment installed in ships. The challenges arise when a vessel is operated in heavy sea and current conditions. An oil skimmer has recently been developed by the Extreme Spill Technology (EST) Inc. for automated oil recovery using a vacuum device installed in a vessel. Initial tests have shown that the prototype vessel is efficient in oil recovery and it can potentially achieve high recovery efficiency in rough seas of both deepwater and shallow water. The paper presents the numerical and experimental studies of the hydrodynamic performance of the vacuum tower installed in the oil skimmer developed by EST. The process of oil recovery by the vacuum mechanism is very complicated and involves multi-phase and multi-scale moving interfaces, including oil, water, atmospheric air and attenuate compressible air on the top part of the vacuum tower, and moving interface of oil slick, oil droplets and air bubbles of different scales. The recovery process was simplified into a three-phase flow problem involving oil, water and air and simulated by using a CFD method. The volume of fluid (VOF) method was employed to capture the moving surfaces between the fluid phases. Model tests were carried out to simulate the oil recovery process. Numerical results were compared with the experimental data. Studies were also extended to optimize the geometry of the tower for maximum oil recovery.

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