scholarly journals METHODS OF IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF MONITORING OF CHANNEL DEFORMATIONS OF MOUNTAIN RIVERS NEAR BUILT-IN SETTLEMENTS: ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE BUKTYRMA RIVER

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talgat TAUKENOV ◽  
Kulchikhan DZHANALEEVA ◽  
Zhuldyz YERZHANOVA
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Mountain Rivers ◽  
Channel Processes ◽  
Channel Deformations ◽  
Geoinformation Systems ◽  
The Earth ◽  
River Bed ◽  
Scientific Justification

The results of research on the development of methods for increasing the efficiency of monitoring the channel deformations of mountain rivers using the methods of aerospace studies of the Earth and geoinformation systems are presented. Examples are given of estimating channel deformations, compiling morphological characteristics of the valley, floodplain and river bed, determining the scheme for the development of channel processes using public space imagery, scientific justification for erosion control measures.

scholarly journals Improvement of the method of combined plans for the analysis of channel re-formations of a water body on the example of the oka river section

2021 ◽  
Vol 2131 (3) ◽  
pp. 032076
Author(s):  
M Matugin ◽  
D Miltsin ◽  
M Reshetnikov ◽  
A Mazgaleva
Keyword(s):  
Water Body ◽  
Vertical Channel ◽  
River Channel ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Channel Processes ◽  
Channel Deformations ◽  
Channel Changes ◽  
River Bed ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Vertical Deformations

Abstract The article discusses the ways of improving the method of combined plans for a water body channel reformations analysis on the example of a section of the Oka River. The main disadvantages of the existing classical approach to the analysis of channel processes through the channel surveys separate isobaths’combination are highlighted. A new approach to combining digital models of the river bed relief obtained from the hydrographic surveys results is proposed. Two directions of surface comparison are shown for the subsequent analysis of channel processes. For a qualitative assessment of channel changes, it is proposed to construct a new surface of vertical deformations and visualize it in color gradation or using lines of equal vertical deformations. For a quantitative assessment of channel processes, the use of a cartogram of vertical channel deformations is considered, and the numerical parameters for assessing the stability of the river channel are introduced. For the considered section of the Oka river channel, the main indicators of channel processes were obtained and analyzed using the proposed updated method. Separately, the calculation of the most optimal grid size was performed when constructing a cartogram of vertical channel deformations.

Forecasting the fl ood situation using space images in the city of Tavda Sverdlovsk region

2018 ◽  
Vol 934 (4) ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
A.S. Bruskova ◽  
T.I. Levitskaya ◽  
D.M. Haydukova
Keyword(s):  
Water Levels ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Geoinformation System ◽  
Space Images ◽  
Geoinformation Systems ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Maximum Water ◽  
The City

Flooding is a dangerous phenomenon, causing emergency situations and causing material damage, capable of damaging health, and even death of people. To reduce the risk and economic damage from flooding, it is necessary to forecast flooding areas. An effective method of forecasting emergency situations due to flooding is the method of remote sensing of the Earth with integration into geoinformation systems. With the help of satellite imagery, a model of flooding was determined based on the example of Tavda, the Sverdlovsk Region. Space images are loaded into the geoinformation system and on their basis a series of thematic layers is created, which contains information about the zones of possible flooding at given water level marks. The determination of the area of flooding is based on the calculation of the availability of maximum water levels at hydrological stations. According to the calculated security data, for each hydrological post, flood zones are constructed by interpolation between pre-calculated flood zones of standard security. The results of the work can be used by the Main Directorate of the Ministry for Emergency Situations of Russia for the Sverdlovsk Region.

scholarly journals The conditions for occurrence of critical flow regime of water in the open stream

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
pp. 05006
Author(s):  
Yuliya Bryanskaya ◽  
Aleksandra Ostiakova
Keyword(s):  
Froude Number ◽  
Flow Regime ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Critical Regime ◽  
Critical Flow ◽  
Channel Processes ◽  
Channel Deformations ◽  
Critical Flow Regime

For the solution of engineering problems require increasingly accurate estimates of the hydraulic characteristics of the water streams. To date, it is impossible to consider sufficiently complete theoretical and experimental justification of the main provisions of the theory of turbulence, hydraulic resistance, channel processes. The composition of tasks related to flows in wide channels, turbulence problems are of scientific and practical interest. Various interpretations of the determination of the critical Froude number in wide open water flows based on observations and theoretical transformations are considered. The conditions for the emergence of a critical regime of water flow in an open wide channel are analyzed in order to estimate the critical Froude number and critical depth. Estimates of the critical Froude number for laboratory and field conditions are given. The estimations allow us to consider the proposed approach acceptable for determining the conditions of occurrence of the critical flow regime. The General, physical interpretation of conditions of occurrence of the critical regime of water flow on the basis of phenomenological approach is specified. The results take into account the values of the components of the total specific energy of the section. This shows the estimated calculation. The results obtained theoretically make it possible to compare the above interpretations and determine their applicability, and the results of the analysis can be useful for the estimated calculations of flows in channels and river flows in rigid, undeformable boundaries and with minor channel deformations.

scholarly journals Planning the Urban Waterfront Transformation, from Infrastructures to Public Space Design in a Sea-Level Rise Scenario: The European Union Prize for Contemporary Architecture Case

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 218
Author(s):  
Francesca Dal Cin ◽  
Fransje Hooimeijer ◽  
Maria Matos Silva
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Space Design ◽  
Urban Waterfront ◽  
Mies Van Der Rohe ◽  
The Impact

Future sea-level rises on the urban waterfront of coastal and riverbanks cities will not be uniform. The impact of floods is exacerbated by population density in nearshore urban areas, and combined with land conversion and urbanization, the vulnerability of coastal towns and public spaces in particular is significantly increased. The empirical analysis of a selected number of waterfront projects, namely the winners of the Mies Van Der Rohe Prize, highlighted the different morphological characteristics of public spaces, in relation to the approximation to the water body: near the shoreline, in and on water. The critical reading of selected architectures related to water is open to multiple insights, allowing to shift the design attention from the building to the public space on the waterfronts. The survey makes it possible to delineate contemporary features and lay the framework for urban development in coastal or riverside areas.

scholarly journals Geopolitical Aspects of Channel Processes

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Channel Processes ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
River Bed ◽  
Boundary Position ◽  
State Boundary ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
Water Work

When using the Far-Eastern Region as a study case the paper deals with the issues of political tensions between neighboring states (Russia and People’s Republic of China) caused by coinciding of state boundaries with rivers. Main forms of negative impact of channel processes that cause reconsideration (demarcation) of the boundary position have been described. The role of water work facilities that influence the river bed regime transformation and, consequently, fairway/state boundary position alteration is being assessed.

scholarly journals MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE GIANH RIVER (FROM CO CANG TO CUA GIANH) IN RELATION TO THE EROSION AND ACCUMULATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 384-392
Author(s):  
Hai Nguyen Tien ◽  
Dang Vu Hai ◽  
Phuc La The ◽  
Ha Nguyen Thai
Keyword(s):  
River Flow ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Straight Channel ◽  
Meandering Channel ◽  
Braided Channel ◽  
River Bed ◽  
Erosion And Accretion ◽  
Channel Bar

On the basis of morphological characteristics and erosion - accumulation of sediment, it is possible to divide the stretch of the Gianh River from Co Cang to Cua Gianh (about 54km in length) into 3 sections as follows: Meandering channel (from Co Cang to Tien Xuan Isles): the length of the channel is 27.69km and the width of the channel is 80-250m. The channel is in the form of a meandering, narrow riverbed, flow plays a dominant role, deposition activities develop strongly at the convex side, while erosion occurs strongly in the concave side (cut side); Braided channel (from Tien Xuan Isles to Quang Phu): the length of the channel is 17.06km and the width of the channel is 800-2,200m. The channel is straight, the river bed is large and the depth of the river bed is 2-11m. Sedimentation occurs mainly at the bottom of the channel and creates bar in the middle of the channel; Straight channel (from Quang Phu to Cua Gianh): the length of the channel is 9.23km and the width of the channel is 800-1,000m. The channel is straight and the depth of the river bed is 8-12.5m. In addition to the role of river flow, it is strongly influenced by marine dynamics. The erosion and accretion activities occur mainly in estuaries. The results above show trend of river development: i) Meandering channel is the most vulnerable to changes for morphology of channel by erosion and accretion of sediment and can create 1-2 horseshoe pools by the river change line; ii) Braided channel mainly changes in the bottom of channel by the formation of channel bar; iii) Straight channel mainly changes in the estuary (the mouth of the river can be moved, enlarged or narrowed).

scholarly journals HYDRO-MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MOUNTAIN RIVERS OF THE ORDZHONIKIDZE DISTRICT, REPUBLIC OF KHAKASSIA (THE CASE OF THE PRAVAYA SARALA RIVERHEAD)

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (4) ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
Татьяна Орешкова ◽  
Tatiana Oreshkova ◽  
Наталья Воротилина ◽  
Natalya Vorotilina ◽  
Марина Махрова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Mountain Rivers ◽  
Small Streams ◽  
The Village

<h1 style="margin: 0cm; margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span class="p"><span style="font-size: 8.0pt; color: #231f20; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; font-weight: normal;" lang="EN-US">The article gives a brief description of water bodies in the Ordzhonikidze district and describes the hydrography of the Pravaya Sarala river near the village of Priiskovaya. The objects of our study were the small streams that form the Pravaya Sarala. The research involved measurements and calculations of the parameters of the Central and the Lake tributaries. The article features the results of the measurements and their comparison, made with the help of generally accepted methods. The result was that the Lake tributary exceeds the Central one in all respects. Despite the fact that the slope of the Central tributary is greater than that of the Lake tributary, the average fl rate of the former is lower. It may be associated with the shallowness of some in parts of the Central tributary: the roughness and unevenness of the bottom of the riverbed with its boulders slow the movement of the water. According to the mountain rivers classifi the waterways in question refer to the category of small mountain rivers.</span></span></h1>

scholarly journals First Report of Powdery Mildew Caused by Golovinomyces biocellatus on Agastache rugosa in Korea

Plant Disease ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 98 (9) ◽  
pp. 1278-1278 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. E. Cho ◽  
J. H. Park ◽  
S. H. Hong ◽  
I. Y. Choi ◽  
H. D. Shin
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Korean Isolate ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Agastache Rugosa ◽  
First Report

Agastache rugosa (Fisch. & C.A. Mey.) Kuntze, known as Korean mint, is an aromatic plant in the Lamiaceae. It is widely distributed in East Asian countries and is used as a Chinese traditional medicine. In Korea, fresh leaves are commonly added to fish soups and stews (3). In November 2008, several dozen Korean mints plants growing outdoors in Gimhae City, Korea, were found to be severely infected with a powdery mildew. The same symptoms had been observed in Korean mint plots in Busan and Miryang cities from 2008 to 2013. Symptoms first appeared as thin white colonies, which subsequently developed into abundant hyphal growth on stems and both sides of the leaves. Severe disease pressure caused withering and senescence of the leaves. Voucher specimens (n = 5) were deposited in the Korea University Herbarium (KUS). Appressoria on the mycelium were nipple-shaped or nearly absent. Conidiophores were 105 to 188 × 10 to 13 μm and produced 2 to 4 immature conidia in chains with a sinuate outline, followed by 2 to 3 cells. Foot-cells of the conidiophores were straight, cylindrical, slightly constricted at the base, and 37 to 58 μm long. Conidia were hyaline, ellipsoid to barrel-shaped, measured 25 to 40 × 15 to 23 μm (length/width ratio = 1.4 to 2.1), lacked distinct fibrosin bodies, and showed reticulate wrinkling of the outer walls. Primary conidia were obconically rounded at the apex and subtruncate at the base. Germ tubes were produced at the perihilar position of conidia. No chasmothecia were observed. The structures described above were typical of the Oidium subgenus Reticuloidium anamorph of the genus Golovinomyces. The measurements and morphological characteristics were compatible with those of G. biocellatus (Ehrenb.) V.P. Heluta (1). To confirm the identification, molecular analysis of the sequence of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) of isolate KUS-F27200 was conducted. The complete ITS rDNA sequence was amplified using primers ITS5 and P3 (4). The resulting 514-bp sequence was deposited in GenBank (Accession No. KJ585415). A GenBank BLAST search of the Korean isolate sequence showed >99% similarity with the ITS sequence of many G. biocellatus isolates on plants in the Lamiaceae (e.g., Accession Nos. AB307669, AB769437, and JQ340358). Pathogenicity was confirmed by gently pressing diseased leaf onto leaves of five healthy, potted Korean mint plants. Five non-inoculated plants served as a control treatment. Inoculated plants developed symptoms after 7 days, whereas the control plants remained symptomless. The fungus present on inoculated plants was identical morphologically to that observed on the original diseased plants. The pathogenicity test was repeated with identical results. A powdery mildew on A. rugosa caused by G. biocellatus was reported from Romania (2). To our knowledge, this is the first report of powdery mildew caused by G. biocellatus on A. rugosa in Korea. The plant is mostly grown using organic farming methods with limited chemical control options. Therefore, alternative control measures should be considered. References: (1) U. Braun and R. T. A. Cook. Taxonomic Manual of the Erysiphales (Powdery Mildews), CBS Biodiversity Series No. 11. CBS, Utrecht, 2012. (2) D. F. Farr and A. Y. Rossman. Fungal Databases. Syst. Mycol. Microbiol. Lab., online publication, USDA ARS, retrieved 17 February 2014. (3) T. H. Kim et al. J. Sci. Food Agric. 81:569, 2001. (4) S. Takamatsu et al. Mycol. Res. 113:117, 2009.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity of Colletotrichum spp. Causing Strawberry Anthracnose in Zhejiang, China

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (5) ◽  
pp. 1351-1357 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Y. Chen ◽  
D. J. Dai ◽  
S. F. Zhao ◽  
Y. Shen ◽  
H. D. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Zhejiang Province ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Chitin Synthase ◽  
Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides Complex ◽  
Strawberry Anthracnose ◽  
Colletotrichum Spp

Anthracnose is a serious fungal disease that primarily infects strawberry roots and stolons during development. Here, 91 isolates from different areas of Zhejiang province, China, were collected. Morphological characteristics were analyzed, and a phylogenetic analysis based on multiple genes (actin, internal transcribed spacer, calmodulin, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and chitin synthase) was performed. We found that all of the Colletotrichum species causing strawberry anthracnose belonged to the Colletotrichum gloeosporioides complex. Among them, we identified 48 isolates of C. fructicola, 21 isolates of C. siamense, 13 isolates of C. gloeosporioides, and 9 isolates of C. aenigma. C. siamense was distributed in the central and eastern regions of Zhejiang province (Hangzhou, Jinhua, Shaoxing, Ningbo, and Taizhou). This is the first report of C. siamense causing strawberry anthracnose in Zhejiang province. C. fructicola was the most dominant species causing strawberry anthracnose in Zhejiang province. We identified the four species causing strawberry anthracnose in Zhejiang province, which will improve our understanding of the strawberry anthracnose epidemic and will benefit the development of future control measures.

Notes on Pseudococcus comstocki (Kuw.) and some allied Species (Homoptera: Coccoidea), with Descriptions of three new Species

1948 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. S. Borkhsenius
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Considerable Difficulty ◽  
The World ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Pseudococcus Comstocki ◽  
Distinguishing Features

The determination of mealybugs closely related to Pseudococcus comstocki (Kuw.) has presented considerable difficulty in the past. Green (1921, p. 189) and Hough (1925, p. 52 and 1925a, p. 13) have given details of the distinguishing features for P. comstocki (Kuw.) and P. maritimus (Ehrh.) but the grounds given for the separation of the former from other closely related species are not fully satisfactory. The representatives of this group of mealybugs are becoming more and more widely spread throughout the world and of greater economic importance yearly. A correct designation of these insects is, therefore, of particular importance not only from the point of view of quarantine legislation but also of control measures. Research work on the morphological characteristics of species closely related to Pseudococcus comstocki (Kuw.) has been carried out on very large quantities of material from different parts of the world.

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