Efficiency of Natural Ventilation in Central Greenhouse of Botanical Garden in Kosice

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Kovac ◽  
Katarina Kovacova ◽  
Anna Sedlakova
Keyword(s):  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Simulation Tool ◽  
Summer Period ◽  
Radiation Level ◽  
Glass Panels ◽  
The Right ◽  
Calculated Model

The object of paper is analysis of natural ventilation system in central greenhouse of Botanical garden in Kosice. The greenhouse was refurbished in 2015. The existing greenhouse covering from glass panels was replaced for polycarbonate panels. The ventilation system of central greenhouse is natural and there are used openings in covering (wall, roof). It is combination of thermally and wind driven ventilation. The main aim of contribution is to analyse different modes of natural ventilation during summer period mainly. The important factors that influence efficiency of natural ventilation in greenhouse are location and area of openings, temperature stratification in greenhouse, solar radiation level, wind speed and direction too. If the greenhouse is ventilated naturally only through external windows (roof windows are closed) the efficiency of ventilation is very poor. The defined modes of natural ventilation search the right location and size of opened windows in order to achieve the most efficiency ventilation of indoor environment. For this purpose the progressive dynamic simulation tool DesignBuilder is used where the geometrical and specific calculated model of whole central greenhouse was created.

Indoor Environment State of Classrooms Situated in the Loft Spaces of Civil Engineering Faculty TU in Kosice – Dynamic Analysis Using Design Builder

2013 ◽  
Vol 649 ◽  
pp. 77-80
Author(s):  
Martin Kovac ◽  
Katarina Knizova
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Analysis ◽  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Civil Engineering ◽  
Energy Simulation ◽  
Simulation Tool ◽  
Engineering Faculty ◽  
Dynamic View ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
Night Ventilation

A purpose of this submission is a dynamic analysis of indoor environment on the suitably chosen classrooms, which are situated in loft spaces of Civil Engineering Faculty TU of Kosice. The evaluation was doing by using energy simulation tool DesignBuilder. In this submission there are compared different modes of natural ventilation during a day, with or without night ventilation. The next subject of presented analysis is to consider the installation of the exterior shading elements and their influence on a modification of an operative temperature in classrooms. The purpose of the whole submission is to obtain a dynamic view of indoor environment changes that are determined by internal and external factors.

scholarly journals Influence of Wind on Air Movement in a Free-Stall Barn During the Summer Period / Wpływ wiatru na ruch powietrza w oborze wolnostanowiskowej w okresie letnim

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Herbut ◽  
Sabina Angrecka ◽  
Grzegorz Nawalany
Keyword(s):  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Summer Period ◽  
Air Masses ◽  
Air Movement ◽  
Microclimatic Conditions ◽  
Hot Weather ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract Use of natural ventilation in the barn should lead to optimal microclimatic conditions over the entire space. In the summer, especially during hot weather, higher air velocity cools cows, which helps to avoid heat stress. The paper presents the results of studies on the evolution of air movement in a modernized free-stall barn of the Fermbet type with the natural ventilation system during the summer period. Based on measurements of velocity and direction of air flow (inside and outside the barn) and observations of smoke indicator, the movement of air masses in different parts of the barn was identified. Significant variations of air flow at different levels of the barn were found. These differences deviate from the accepted patterns of natural ventilation, which can be found in the literature. The range of a draught and stagnant air along with the conditions in which they are built was determined. On this basis, recommendations regarding the location of barns on the plots and the improvement of ventilation in summer were made.

Natural Ventilation and Forced Warm Air Ventilation in Offices

2014 ◽  
Vol 899 ◽  
pp. 256-259
Author(s):  
Mária Budiaková
Keyword(s):  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Basic Element ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
Air Ventilation ◽  
Double Skin ◽  
Saving Mode ◽  
The Right ◽  
Radiant Floor Heating ◽  
Floor Heating

The paper is oriented on the natural ventilation and forced warm air ventilation systems in offices. The basic element of natural ventilation system in office building is double skin facade. The natural air circulation is undertaken by the right shaping of vertical shafts for exhaust air. Furthermore, the intelligent double skin facade in transitional period contributes to the heating and in summer to natural cooling of offices. Therefore, the forced warm air ventilation, which is provides heating of offices, can operate in saving mode and can be supplemented by radiant floor heating. By the effort to approach to zero energy balance, it is important to undertake thermal comfort. Therefore, I did experimental laboratory measurements for forced warm air ventilation and I also did it because of comparison for radiant floor heating. In this paper, I will present scientific analysis and the outputs from my own measurements. In the conclusion of this paper on the basis of outputs of experimental measurements I will define the principles for designing forced warm air ventilation and radiant floor heating in offices.

scholarly journals Indoor air quality in natural-ventilated bedrooms in renovated Norwegian houses

2021 ◽  
Vol 246 ◽  
pp. 01001
Author(s):  
Vegard Heide ◽  
Silje Skyttern ◽  
Laurent Georges
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Opening Angle ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Window Opening

The objective of this work is to investigate the indoor environment in bedrooms ventilated by window opening during night-time. How window opening behaviour affects indoor air quality (IAQ), and how window opening behaviour and IAQ is influenced by external factors, are important questions. The context is renovation of detached wooden houses in Norway. To motivate building owners to renovate their ventilation system, it is important to know the typical indoor environment in bedrooms of existing buildings with natural ventilation. Ten bedrooms in six case houses were investigated by measuring temperature, relative humidity, CO2, particulate matter, formaldehyde and TVOC. The window opening angle was also logged with an accelerometer. The measurements were conducted over 2 to 3 weeks, during March and April. The dwellings were renovated single-family and terraced houses from 1950 – 80, in Trondheim. All the bedrooms had natural ventilation, and the occupants stated they used to open bedroom windows at night. Participants answered a questionnaire about motivations and habits regarding window opening. The most common reason given for not opening was low outdoor temperatures. The window opening behaviour was both predictable and continuous. Windows were open every night in most of the bedrooms, and most of the windows were opened to the same position every night. High CO2 levels during night were found in two bedrooms. In the other bedrooms, the CO2 concentration was satisfying during night-time, although higher concentrations were found in some bedrooms during daytime. Finally, indoor temperature measurements confirmed that many occupants prefer a low bedroom temperature.

scholarly journals Indoor Climate Performance in a Renovated School Building

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2827
Author(s):  
Pavla Mocová ◽  
Jitka Mohelníková
Keyword(s):  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
School Building ◽  
Ventilation Strategy ◽  
Indoor Climate ◽  
Microbiological Testing ◽  
Indoor Comfort

Indoor climate comfort is important for school buildings. Nowadays, this is a topical problem, especially in renovated buildings. Poorly ventilated school classrooms create improper conditions for classrooms. A post-occupancy study was performed in a school building in temperate climatic conditions. The evaluation was based on the results of long-term monitoring of the natural ventilation strategy and measurements of the carbon dioxide concentration in the school classroom’s indoor environment. The monitoring was carried out in an old school building that was constructed in the 1970s and compared to testing carried out in the same school classroom after the building was renovated in 2016. Surprisingly, the renovated classroom had a significantly higher concentration of CO2. It was found that this was due to the regulation of the heating system and the new airtight windows. The occupants of the renovated classroom have a maintained thermal comfort, but natural ventilation is rather neglected. A controlled ventilation strategy and installation of heat recovery units are recommended to solve these problems with the classroom’s indoor environment. Microbiological testing of the surfaces in school classrooms also shows the importance of fresh air and solar radiation access for indoor comfort.

Computational Modeling of Particulate Pollutant Transport in a Ventilated Room in the Presence of Two Heated Breathing and Rotating Manikins

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Ali Keshavarz ◽  
Mazyar Salmanzadeh ◽  
Goodarz Ahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Computational Modeling ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Rotational Motion ◽  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Thermal Plume ◽  
Displacement Ventilation ◽  
Simulation Results

Recently, attention has been given to indoor air quality due to its serious health concerns. Clearly the dispersion of pollutant is directly affected by the airflow patterns. The airflow in indoor environment is the results of a combination of several factors. In the present study, the effects of thermal plume and respiration on the indoor air quality in a ventilated cubicle were investigated using an unsteady computational modeling approach. The person-to-person contaminant transports in a ventilated room with mixing and displacement ventilation systems were studied. The effects of rotational motion of the heated manikins were also analyzed. Simulation results showed that in the cases which rotational motion was included, the human thermal plume and associated particle transport were significantly distorted. The distortion was more noticeable for the displacement ventilation system. Also it was found that the displacement ventilation system lowered the risk of person-to-person transmission in an office space in comparison with the mixing ventilation system. On the other hand the mixing system was shown to be more effective compared to the displacement ventilation in removing the particles and pollutant that entered the room through the inlet air diffuser.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Simulation of Wind-Driven Ventilation Through a Windcatcher With Different Inlet Designs

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Abdo ◽  
Rahil Taghipour ◽  
B. Phuoc Huynh
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Average Velocity ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cfd Modeling ◽  
Ansys Fluent ◽  
Wind Velocities ◽  
Dimensional Simulation ◽  
Convergent Inlet

Abstract Windcatcher is an effective natural ventilation system, and its performance depends on several factors including wind speed and wind direction. It provides a comfortable and healthy indoor environment since the introduced fresh air decreases the moisture content and reduces the pollutant concentration. Since the wind speed and its direction are generally unpredictable, it is important to use special inlet forms and exits to increase the efficiency of a windcatcher. In this study, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling is implemented using ansys fluent to investigate the airflow entering a three-dimensional room through a windcatcher with different inlet designs. Three designs are studied which are a uniform inlet, a divergent inlet, and a bulging-convergent inlet. The airflow pattern with all inlets provided adequate ventilation through the room. With all the applied wind velocities (1, 2, 3, and 6 m/s) at the domain's inlet, the divergent inlet shape has captured the highest airflow through the room and provided higher average velocity at 1.2 m high enhancing the thermal comfort where most of the human occupancy occurs. With 6 m/s wind velocity, the divergent inlet has captured 2.55% more flow rate compared to the uniform inlet and 4.70% compared to the bulging-convergent inlet, and it has also provided an average velocity at 1.2 m high in the room of 7.16% higher than the uniform inlet and 8.44% higher than the bulging-convergent inlet.

scholarly journals In vitro growth of Cattleya nobilior Rchb. f.: culture media, sealing systems and irradiance

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaliana Gottschalk de Freitas ◽  
José Carlos Sorgato ◽  
Jackeline Schultz Soares ◽  
Luan Marlon Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Light Condition ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
In Vitro Growth ◽  
Randomized Design

ABSTRACT Some factors may influence the in vitro culture of native orchids, especially the culture medium, sealing system and light condition. This study aimed to evaluate the addition of banana pulp and peel in the formulation of culture media, sealing system and irradiance, in the in vitro growth of Cattleya nobilior Rchb. f. A completely randomized design was used in a factorial scheme with five culture media [Murashige & Skoog supplemented or not with banana pulp or peel (100 or 200g L-1)], two light conditions [3,000 K LED lamps (43 µmol m-2 s-1 or 86 µmol m-2 s-1)] and two sealing systems (natural and conventional ventilation), with six replicates of one vial each. The plant height, diameter of the largest pseudobulb, length of the largest root and of the largest leaf, fresh weight and number of leaves, roots and shoots were evaluated. The use of both the banana pulp and peel as additives in the culture medium formulation promoted the C. nobilior growth. The natural ventilation system increased the plant height, pseudobulb diameter and leaf length, while the conventional system promoted tillering.

An Attempt to Improve Air Quality in Primary Schools

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Telejko ◽  
Ewa Zender-Swiercz
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
School Buildings ◽  
Maximum Value

Most primary school buildings in Poland rely on natural ventilation. This fact is attributed to the age of these buildings constructed more than dozen or even several tens of years ago. Few of them were fitted with a mechanical ventilation system allowing for the adjustment of microclimate parameters. The national requirements for gravity ventilation provide general guidelines, specifying strict description only for the airtightness of windows and doors and the minimum airflow to be supplied to the rooms. The minimum airflow supplied is independent of the number of occupants and purpose of the room. Low indoor air quality (IAQ) can impact occupants’ health and lead to poor productivity or low academic performance. Therefore the provision of good IAQ in classrooms and laboratories is very important. This paper presents the results of the investigation devoted to the quality of indoor air in classrooms of selected Polish primary school. Six primary school in a town with a population of 200 000 inhabitants were involved in the investigations. The participating school buildings were built between 1976 and 1994 and had gravity ventilation systems. The variability of basic IAQ parameters, i.e., temperature, relative humidity and carbon dioxide level, was analysed and the assessment of the classrooms in terms of microbiological purity was performed. The outcomes confirmed the low quality of the indoor air in these buildings. The maximum value of CO2 concentration amounted to more than 4000 ppm. Certain modifications aimed at improving IAQ were proposed during the investigations. Two solutions were implemented. The results of this study indicate that the proposed solution offers the potential to improve IAQ within classrooms.

Acoustical Improvements with Natural Air Ventilation in the Liu Institute for Global Issues at the University of British Columbia

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-122
Author(s):  
Zohreh Razavi ◽  
Max Richter ◽  
Murray Hodgson ◽  
Alireza Khaleghi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Optimized Design ◽  
Global Issues ◽  
University Of British Columbia ◽  
Air Ventilation ◽  
The University ◽  
Building Designs

Low speech privacy in shared and private offices in one of the early generation of a “green” building resulted in occupants' dissatisfaction. This problem is experienced in Liu institute with a natural-ventilation system. Such a system requires low air-flow resistance which is achieved by large openings which will result in noise transmission between various spaces within the building. The poor acoustical quality in this building resulted in occupants' noise complaints which were further investigated by way of relevant acoustical measurements. CATT-Acoustic software was utilized to modify the acoustical quality of the building without any disturbance to the occupants. The optimized design of the transfer box above the office door was selected based on CATT-Acoustic predictions. The acoustical measurements were conducted after installation of the transfer box above the office door. The measurements' results agreed with the predictions which led to improved speech privacy to an acceptable level between the office and the corridor in Liu Institute. More work should be done to improve the acoustical quality of natural-ventilated building to conform to ANSI standards.1The results of this study strongly support including acoustics in “green” building designs with natural ventilation to avoid users' complaints.

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