scholarly journals INNOVATION PLACES: THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL REMARKS FOR ANALYSING METROPOLITAN CREATIVITY AND INNOVATIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 532-551
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Bierwiaczonek ◽  
Grzegorz Gawron ◽  
Robert Pyka ◽  
Małgorzata Suchacka
Keyword(s):  
Driving Forces ◽  
High Potential ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Space Model ◽  
Methods Of Analysis ◽  
Innovation Space ◽  
Potential Use

Metropolises are currently regarded as nodes in a global network of flows, becoming the driving forces for territorial development, characterised by high potential of creativity and the innovations generated as a result. A contemporary challenge is to find adequate concepts for analysing and understanding metropolitan innovativeness. The objective of the article is to provide the necessary features by which a new approach to studying metropolitan inventiveness can be adopted. The formulation of this model was inspired by the independently functioning concepts of metropolisation, innovativeness, and the concepts of place. By considering these three perspectives together and their specific methods of analysis, it is possible to describe and explain the process of generating innovations in contemporary metropolises. This article is divided into three main sections illustrating how the concepts of innovation environments, networks, and districts combined with the dynamic concept of place, all relate to innovation place. The analysis presented serves as the basis for the model of an innovation place, it being essential to future initiatives in this sphere of study. The article concludes with methodological remarks indicating the potential use for “innovation space” model.

Social organization in the Orcadian Neolithic: identification of elite domestic structures and settlements through analysis of excavation data

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
David MacInnes
Keyword(s):  
Social Organization ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Social Hierarchy ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Late Neolithic ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Qualitative Evidence ◽  
Methods Of Analysis ◽  
The Subject

The nature of social organization during the Orcadian Neolithic has been the subject of discussion for several decades with much of the debate focused on answering an insightful question posed by Colin Renfrew in 1979. He asked, how was society organised to construct the larger, innovative monuments of the Orcadian Late Neolithic that were centralised in the western Mainland? There are many possible answers to the question but little evidence pointing to a probable solution, so the discussion has continued for many years. This paper takes a new approach by asking a different question: what can be learned about Orcadian Neolithic social organization from the quantitative and qualitative evidence accumulating from excavated domestic structures and settlements?In an attempt to answer this question, quantitative and qualitative data about domestic structures and about settlements was collected from published reports on 15 Orcadian Neolithic excavated sites. The published data is less extensive than hoped but is sufficient to support a provisional answer: a social hierarchy probably did not develop in the Early Neolithic but almost certainly did in the Late Neolithic, for which the data is more comprehensive.While this is only one approach of several possible ways to consider the question, it is by exploring different methods of analysis and comparing them that an understanding of the Orcadian Neolithic can move forward.

scholarly journals Improvements and Spatial Dependencies in Energy Transition Measures

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3802
Author(s):  
Marta Ewa Kuc-Czarnecka ◽  
Magdalena Olczyk ◽  
Marek Zinecker
Keyword(s):  
Driving Forces ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Spatial Effects ◽  
World Economic Forum ◽  
Spatial Error ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Spatial Dependencies ◽  
World Economic ◽  
Transition Index

This article aims to improve one of the newest energy transition measures—the World Economic Forum WEF Energy Transition Index (ETI) and find its driving forces. This paper proposes a new approach to correct the ETI structure, i.e., sensitivity analysis, which allows assessing the accuracy of variable weights. Moreover, the novelty of the paper is the use the spatial error models to estimate determinants of the energy transition on different continents. The results show that ETI is unbalanced and includes many variables of marginal importance for the shape of the final ranking. The variables with the highest weights in ETI did not turn out to be its most important determinants, which means that they differentiate the analysed countries well; nonetheless, they do not have sufficient properties of approximating the values of the ETI components. The most important components of ETI (with the highest information load) belong to the CO2 emissions per capita, the innovative business environment, household electricity prices, or renewable capacity buildout. Moreover, we identified the clustering of both ETI and its two main pillars in Europe, which is not observed in America and Asia. The identified positive spatial effects showing that European countries need much deeper cooperation to reach a successful energy transition.

Ways to develop full automation of production

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-34
Author(s):  
G. E. Ganina ◽  
Yu. A. Ostrovskiy ◽  
A. P. Yakovleva
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Automated Production ◽  
Routine Work ◽  
Effective Form ◽  
Full Automation ◽  
Labor Resources ◽  
Universal Law

A new approach to the problem of full automation of production is considered. It is shown that along with technical issues, one of the main places among the issues of full automation of production is occupied by social issues, since full automation radically changes the structure of labor resources. The novel division of labor in the process of life activity led to the formation of new organizational solutions that also affected the automation environment. This is primarily due to the fact that along with individuals inventing and implementing automatic devices, a certain number of workers, who were freed from routine work by automats and had to be organized in a new way in the work of the team, appeared. The subsequent era of the industrial revolution is associated not only with the development of new types of energy, but also with the formation of new organizational solutions in production. It is reasonable to imagine the development of fully automated production as a process of transition to a state in which individuals who consume products simultaneously change its structure. The driving forces behind the development of fully automated production are individuals who have been freed from routine work as a result of automation and have been given the opportunity to realize their creative abilities. Taking into account the effect of the «universal law of the elevation of needs», it is necessary to consider the appropriate and most effective form of the structure of fully automated production as a permanently changing matrix containing a changing set of individual customers and a changing set of automation tools. Familiarity with the new approach to the problem of full automation will help enterprise designers to better understand the composition of tasks for the reconstruction of production.

Estimating uncertainty in the context of new approach methodologies for potential use in chemical safety evaluation

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 40-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ly Ly Pham ◽  
Thomas Y. Sheffield ◽  
Prachi Pradeep ◽  
Jason Brown ◽  
Derik E. Haggard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Chemical Safety ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Potential Use

Vector space model for patent documents with hierarchical class labels

2012 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 222-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yen-Liang Chen ◽  
Yu-Ting Chiu
Keyword(s):  
Feature Selection ◽  
Vector Space ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Vector Space Model ◽  
Class Label ◽  
Discriminative Ability ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Space Model ◽  
Patent Documents ◽  
Class Labels

A vector space model (VSM) composed of selected important features is a common way to represent documents, including patent documents. Patent documents have some special characteristics that make it difficult to apply traditional feature selection methods directly: (a) it is difficult to find common terms for patent documents in different categories; and (b) the class label of a patent document is hierarchical rather than flat. Hence, in this article we propose a new approach that includes a hierarchical feature selection (HFS) algorithm which can be used to select more representative features with greater discriminative ability to present a set of patent documents with hierarchical class labels. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated through application to two documents sets with 2400 and 9600 patent documents, where we extract candidate terms from their titles and abstracts. The experimental results reveal that a VSM whose features are selected by a proportional selection process gives better coverage, while a VSM whose features are selected with a weighted-summed selection process gives higher accuracy.

scholarly journals A new approach to the identification of high-potential materials for cost-efficient membrane-based post-combustion CO2capture

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 1225-1243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Roussanaly ◽  
Rahul Anantharaman ◽  
Karl Lindqvist ◽  
Brede Hagen
Keyword(s):  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
High Potential ◽  
Cement Plant ◽  
Significant Cost ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Cost Reductions ◽  
Cost Efficient

Identification of polymeric materials with a high potential to achieve significant cost-reductions for membrane-based CO2capture from a cement plant.

Study on Space Model of Urban Expansion

2011 ◽  
Vol 204-210 ◽  
pp. 1514-1518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Hui Yi ◽  
Jin Ling Tian
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Variation ◽  
Space Model ◽  
Internal Mechanism ◽  
Process Of Urbanization ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Research Efficiency

With GIS spatial application model, from the angles of space developing and changing, explore the motion and change rules of urban development in the process of urbanization, and improve scientific nature and accuracy of forecast. To analyze the characteristics and their driving forces of changes in urban construction land and urban expansion space, first we have explored space model of urban expansion theoretically, then made some research combining the examples of urban spatial and temporal changes in Luoyang City. Study the laws of urban expansion from the angles of temporal and spatial variation with GIS space analysis model, thereby explore the internal mechanism of urban spatial variation, which can be provided with better research efficiency.

scholarly journals A New Approach on Brewer’s Spent Grains Treatment and Potential Use as Lignocellulosic Yeast Cells Carriers

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (23) ◽  
pp. 5994-5999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo J. Pires ◽  
Héctor A. Ruiz ◽  
José A. Teixeira ◽  
António A. Vicente
Keyword(s):  
Yeast Cells ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Spent Grains ◽  
Potential Use
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