IMPACT OF HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT ON PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH IN EU MEMBER STATES

Purpose The purpose of this study is to analyze product diversification, business structure and insurer performance with a comprehensive look at the property-liability (P/L) insurance operations. Design/methodology/approach Using a panel data, this study employs an ordinary least squares regression model, fixed effects model and random effects model to examine the impact of product diversification and business structure on the performance of P/L insurers. The study assesses insurer performance using both risk-adjusted return on assets and risk-adjusted return on equity. Findings The study finds that product diversification is significantly negatively related to the performance of P/L insurers. The results are consistent with the diversification discount theory. The empirical results reveal that business lines have significant impacts on firm performance, particularly on the lines of fire and marine insurances. Furthermore, the interaction between product diversification and firm size implies that product diversification significantly increases the performance of large-sized insurance firms. Originality/value The study provides some valuable insights into the effects of diversification and business structure on the performance of P/L insurers in a developing country. The study’s findings suggest that management of P/L insurers should clarify their objectives and carefully assess the company’s resources when dealing with product diversification and business structure. The results have practical implications for the financial services industry in Taiwan.

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Impact of Full IFRS, Accounting Standards for SMES and Company Demographics on Firms’ Return on Asset and Return on Equity using Panel Data Regression

International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology - Regular Issue ◽

10.35940/ijeat.f1120.0886s19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (6S) ◽

pp. 589-601 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Keyword(s):

Least Squares ◽

Random Effects ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Random Effect ◽

Ordinary Least Squares ◽

Lagrangian Multiplier ◽

Random Effects Model ◽

Fixed Effects Model ◽

Real Property ◽

The Impact

Due to globalization, markets are becoming more interconnected as the companies are engaged in doing cross-border offerings. Currently, competitions are intensified because Domestic organizations discover themselves competing with each nearby opposite numbers and worldwide companies. But one component that hinders SMEs is the need for reliable and similar monetary data. According to Abarca (2014), adoption of a high-quality and consistent set of accounting requirements is critical so as for the businesses to remain competitive in ASEAN member states. This paper ambitions to answer the query, what modified into the extent of the impact of compliance with full IFRS and IFRS for SMEs on profitability of agencies belong to real property enterprise? This paper moreover sought to decide whether there may be a sizeable distinction among the groups’ compliance with the overall PFRS and the PFRS for SMEs and to determine whether or now not there is a massive distinction among the companies’ financial normal overall performance earlier than and after the adoption of the PFRS for SMEs.Paired T-test have become employed in case you need to determine whether there is a big distinction between the agencies’ compliance with the entire PFRS and the PFRS for SMEs and to decide whether or not there may be a big difference some of the groups’ monetary performance earlier than and after the adoption of the PFRS for SMEs. Using STATA, the great appropriate version for every economic ratio on the subject of degree of compliance emerge as determined on. First, take a look at parm command became used to find out which most of the Least Squares Dummy Variable Regression Modes (LSDV1, LSDV2, LSDV3) underneath the Fixed Effects Model is the ideal version. Afterwards, Hausman Fixed Random Test changed into used to pick out out which is more suitable amongst Fixed Effects Model and Random Effects Model. If Fixed Effects Model modified into the more appropriate one, the Wald’s test turn out to be used to determine the best version among Fixed Effects Model and Ordinary Least Squares Model. On the alternative hand, if Random Effects Model became the more suitable one, the Breusch and Pagan Lagrangian Multiplier Test for Random Effect have become used to decide the satisfactory version amongst Random Effects Model and Ordinary Least Squares. Moreover, if Ordinary Least Squares became the splendid model, it is going to be in addition tested to check for heteroscedasticity and multicollinearity. White’s test became used to check for heterescedasticity and Variance Inflation Factor have become used to test if multicollinearity is gift. The results display that the adoption of PFRS for SMEs stepped forward the compliance of Philippine real property SMEs. However, no vast alternate became said inside the financial average performance of those companies (as measured with the resource of cross back on assets and go back on equity). This was further supported by the results of the panel regression. This means that despite having a relatively

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The Impact of Digitalization on the Formation of Human Capital at the Regional Level

Journal of Open Innovation Technology Market and Complexity ◽

10.3390/joitmc6040184 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 184

Author(s):

Olga Zaborovskaia ◽

Olga Nadezhina ◽

Ekaterina Avduevskaya

Keyword(s):

Human Capital ◽

Russian Federation ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Ordinary Least Squares ◽

High Tech ◽

Municipal Services ◽

Digital Inequality ◽

The Russian Federation ◽

The Individual ◽

The Impact

Human capital becomes the most competitive and unique resource in the modern context of development of high-tech industries and formation of the digital economy. The ongoing digitalization processes have an impact on the formation and development of human capital. The aim of this work is to analyze the influence of digitalization factors on human capital in the regions of the Russian Federation. Based on statistical data from the State statistics service of the Russian Federation, the authors collected data for calculating the Index of conditions for the formation and development of human capital (CFDHC Index) for 82 regions and 34 factors that characterize the development of digitalization in Russia for the period from 2014 to 2018. The authors construct a multivariate regression using the ordinary least squares (OLS) estimation for describing the relationship between the Index and digitalization factors. With allowance for the individual effects of the regions of the Russian Federation, models with random and fixed effects were built. The results of the regression analysis confirmed the hypothesis that to form and develop human capital in the regions, measures should be taken aiming at developing digital infrastructure, reducing digital inequality, supporting higher education and research institutes, developing electronic services to provide public and municipal services.

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The Consequences of Corruption on Economic Growth in Mediterranean Countries: Evidence from Panel Data Analysis

10.20944/preprints201802.0065.v2 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Hicham Boussalham

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Panel Data Analysis ◽

Suitable Model ◽

Fixed Effects Model ◽

Mediterranean Countries ◽

Individual Effects ◽

The Individual ◽

The Impact

This study attempts to assess the impact of corruption on economic growth in the Mediterranean countries, during the period from 1998 to 2007. Econometric analysis using panel regression has been adopted to test this effect. Individual effects models such as random effects model and fixed effects model were applied to the study sample of 160 observations, and to choose the suitable model, we implemented several tests. For our analysis, we used a basic model that includes the dependent variable GDP per capita as a factor of economic growth and the corruption perception index as the independent variable concerned. Then we completed the model with several standardized macroeconomic control variables mentioned above and applied the individual effects models. The outcomes illustrate that corruption has a negative impact on the selected Mediterranean countries’ economic growth.

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Access to sanitary toilets and health outcomes: A panel data analysis using two-way fixed effects model

Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering ◽

10.3934/mbe.2021435 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (6) ◽

pp. 8815-8830

Author(s):

Wanli Zhou ◽

◽

Yingwen Gu ◽

Xiulin Wang

Keyword(s):

Infectious Diseases ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Child Mortality ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Hepatitis A ◽

Rural China ◽

Panel Data Analysis ◽

Supporting Evidence ◽

Fixed Effects Model ◽

The Impact

<abstract> <p>Based on the data regarding the renovation of the toilets of 30 provinces (municipalities) in rural China from 2005 to 2017, this study utilized a two-way fixed effect model to empirically test the impact of access to sanitary toilets on health, which include intestinal infectious diseases (consisting of hepatitis A, dysentery, and typhoid) and child mortality (consisting of perinatal mortality, infant mortality, and the mortality rate of children under 5). This study attempted to assess the health outcomes of the "toilet revolution" in rural China. The results showed that: (1) Access to sanitary toilets effectively reduced the incidence of hepatitis A and dysentery. For every 1% increase in the rate of access to sanitary toilets, the incidence of hepatitis A was reduced by 5.6%, and the incidence of dysentery was reduced by 36.5%. (2) Access to sanitary toilets does not significantly reduce child mortality. (3) There are obviously regional differences in the impact of access to sanitary toilets on the health outcomes. The renovation of sanitary toilets has shown the most significant effect on reducing the incidence of intestinal infectious diseases in the central region as well as the effect on reducing child mortality in the western region. It is implied that the health outcomes of China's "toilet revolution" may provide supporting evidence and experience for other developing countries and regions in implementing toilet renovation projects.</p> </abstract>

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The impact of credit risk and macroeconomic factors on profitability: the case of the ASEAN banks

Banks and Bank Systems ◽

10.21511/bbs.15(1).2020.03 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 21-29

Author(s):

Myra V. De Leon

Keyword(s):

Credit Risk ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Inflation Rate ◽

Ordinary Least Squares ◽

Gdp Growth ◽

Fixed Effects Model ◽

Macroeconomic Factors ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Level Of Significance ◽

The Impact

This study investigates the effect of credit risk and macroeconomic factors on profitability of 20 ASEAN banks, particularly from Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand and Philippines, covering the period of 2012 to 2017. The unbalanced panel data were tested for heteroscedasticity and normality. A fixed effects model and a random effects model were utilized followed by simple ordinary least squares (OLS) regression. The obtained results show that credit risk and GDP growth negatively affect Return on Equity (ROE) at 5% level of significance. The inflation rate increases ROE by 0.323%. In terms of influence, inflation has the highest impact on ROE followed by GDP growth and credit risk. Credit risk and GDP growth negatively affect Return on Assets (ROA) at 5% level of significance. ROA was also influenced by an increase in inflation rate. Therefore, this study will help banks and bank managers, depositors, investors, policy makers and governments to identify factors affecting bank profitability.

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Firm Performance and Market Behavior during First Wave of COVID-19 in Egypt: Panel Data Analysis

Asian Journal of Finance & Accounting ◽

10.5296/ajfa.v13i2.18846 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

May Elewa

Keyword(s):

Data Analysis ◽

Panel Data ◽

Stock Price ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Business Processes ◽

Panel Data Analysis ◽

Trade Volume ◽

Fixed Effects Model ◽

Net Profit ◽

The Impact

The purpose of this paper is to identify the impact of market capital MC and net profit NP on stock price SP and trade volume (TV) in the developing Egyptian business context. This study collects data from 29 non-financial organizations registered on the EGX 30 during the 6 month, 1/1/2020 to 30/6/2020, lockdown in Egypt due to the first wave of COVID-19. Data for the monthly confirmed cases and death cases of COVID-19 are collected for the 6 months of the study and compared to the monthly records of closing prices and trade volume in Egyptian poundsEGP. The study population represents 174 firm year observations. The firms studied operate in cash, have annual financial reports during the period 1/1 to 31/12, obtain complete financial data, and have not been eliminated all throughout the study. In this work the pooled model, the fixed effects model, and the random effects model are used.SPSSis applied to achieve the required statistical analysis. The study is a panel data analysis. Outcomes demonstrate existing substantial effects between market capital MC and stock price SP during the first wave of COVID-19. However, no significant effect is evident of the market capital MC and net profit NP with the trade volume TV during the first wave of this pandemic. This literature is advantageous for external and internal stakeholders and regulatory bodies. The study is a modest contribution that may help boost the business processes to reach better financial performance in times of unexpected catastrophes.

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THE IMPACT OF THE INTERNET ON TRADE IN EDUCATION

Technological and Economic Development of Economy ◽

10.3846/20294913.2015.1108941 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 21 (6) ◽

pp. 833-854 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Christina TAY

Keyword(s):

Fixed Effects ◽

Internet Access ◽

Ordinary Least Squares ◽

The Internet ◽

Education For All ◽

Least Squares Regression ◽

Fixed Effects Model ◽

Analyse Data ◽

Time Frames ◽

The Impact

The purpose of this study is to investigate how the Internet impacts trade in education. Divided into three time frames – 2000 to 2006, 2007 to 2012 and 2000 to 2012, data on 189 countries was used to compare the impact of different intensities of the Internet access on trade in education. This research uses the following methods to analyse data: pooled ordinary least squares regression, fixed-effects model and random effects model. Results suggest that the Internet facilitates trade in education, the impact of which is between 16.4% and 21% for every 0.01% increase in Internet access. Larger countries and countries that share a common language show a highly significant impact of the Internet on trade in education for all three time frames at 0.01%. However, economic health of a country does not necessarily imply greater trade. This study finds mixed results for fixed (wired) broadband over the three time frames. The results explain between 63.2% and 74.9% of the impact of the Internet on trade in education. Finally, the results of this study strongly suggest that improving Internet access in a country will stimulate trade in education.

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Beta and Sigma – Convergence of Productivity of NUTS 2 Regions in the (EU) Member States from the CEE Region

Economic Alternatives ◽

10.37075/ea.2020.1.04 ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Gross Domestic Product ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Scientific Paper ◽

Ordinary Least Squares ◽

Domestic Product ◽

Least Squares Regression ◽

The European Union ◽

Member States ◽

Eu Member States ◽

Sigma Convergence

In this scientific paper we have examined the presence of beta and sigma-convergence of productivity in the Central and East European NUTS 2 statistical regions of the European Union member states of Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia for the period from 2000 to 2016. Applying a fixed effects panel ordinary least squares regression on real Gross domestic product per employee and Gross domestic product per employee in PPS terms, we find that a catch-up process is underway, together with a decrease of dispersion in variables under investigation, respectively beta and sigma convergence hypotheses are supported for the NUTS 2 regions in selected countries under investigation.

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The Consequences of Corruption on Economic Growth in Mediterranean Countries: Evidence from Panel Data Analysis

10.20944/preprints201802.0065.v3 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hicham Boussalham

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Panel Data Analysis ◽

Suitable Model ◽

Fixed Effects Model ◽

Mediterranean Countries ◽

Individual Effects ◽

The Individual ◽

The Impact

This study attempts to assess the impact of corruption on economic growth in the Mediterranean countries, during the period from 1998 to 2007. Econometric analysis using panel regression has been adopted to test this effect. Individual effects models such as random effects model and fixed effects model were applied to the study sample of 160 observations, and to choose the suitable model, we implemented several tests. For our analysis, we used a basic model that includes the dependent variable GDP per capita as a factor of economic growth and the corruption perception index as the independent variable concerned. Then we completed the model with several standardized macroeconomic control variables mentioned above and applied the individual effects models. The outcomes illustrate that corruption has a negative impact on the selected Mediterranean countries’ economic growth.

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