scholarly journals The Impact of Digitalization on the Formation of Human Capital at the Regional Level

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 184
Author(s):  
Olga Zaborovskaia ◽  
Olga Nadezhina ◽  
Ekaterina Avduevskaya
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Municipal Services ◽  
Digital Inequality ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Human capital becomes the most competitive and unique resource in the modern context of development of high-tech industries and formation of the digital economy. The ongoing digitalization processes have an impact on the formation and development of human capital. The aim of this work is to analyze the influence of digitalization factors on human capital in the regions of the Russian Federation. Based on statistical data from the State statistics service of the Russian Federation, the authors collected data for calculating the Index of conditions for the formation and development of human capital (CFDHC Index) for 82 regions and 34 factors that characterize the development of digitalization in Russia for the period from 2014 to 2018. The authors construct a multivariate regression using the ordinary least squares (OLS) estimation for describing the relationship between the Index and digitalization factors. With allowance for the individual effects of the regions of the Russian Federation, models with random and fixed effects were built. The results of the regression analysis confirmed the hypothesis that to form and develop human capital in the regions, measures should be taken aiming at developing digital infrastructure, reducing digital inequality, supporting higher education and research institutes, developing electronic services to provide public and municipal services.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT ON PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH IN EU MEMBER STATES

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (0) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alma Mačiulytė-Šniukienė ◽  
Kristina Matuzevičiūtė
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Fixed Effects Model ◽  
Education Expenditure ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The Impact

In this research, we investigate the impact of human capital on labour productivity in European Union member states using panel data analysis. Results of the paper are estimated using the Pooled ordinary least squares (OLS) and Fixed effects model (FEM). The results show that human capital is positively significant in improving the growth of labour productivity in the EU. Our estimates also suggest that the impact occurs after three times lags in case of education expenditure.

scholarly journals The new paradigm of designing construction composites to protect the human environment

Vestnik MGSU ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 1241-1257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valery S. Lesovik ◽  
Ekaterina V. Fomina
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
The State ◽  
High Tech ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
New Generation ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. The negative effects of the environment is increasingly reflected in the health of the human. With the development of nature-like technologies, the main task of scientists around the world is to create comfortable conditions for human existence on the Earth. This primarily relates to the construction industry, as materials for 80 to 90 % of his/her life surround the human. The purpose of the work is to develop the fundamental foundations for creating new generation composites to protect the human environment based on transdisciplinary approaches, including the theoretical principles of geonics (geomimetics). Materials and methods. The work was based on the study and analysis of published sources and personal experience. The new paradigm of science is based on transdisciplinary research with transferring cognitive patterns between disciplines. To test the results of theoretical studies, high-tech equipment and modern research methods, such as scanning and transmission electron microscopy, scanning and atomic force microscopy, IR spectral analysis, thermal analysis methods, etc. were used at the Shared-Use Center on the base of BSTU named after V.G. Shukhov, Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, RAS Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics named after V.A. Kotelnikov and NIISF RAASN. Results. Generalized view of innovative practical and scientific activity allowed formulating the problems of innovative development of construction materials science, where the main constraint is the lack of use of available knowledge from various fields of science, such as physics, chemistry, crystal chemistry, mineralogy, etc. in terms of transdisciplinarity. The focus is on the multi-component materials, which are designed on the base of the synergism of different physical and chemical parameters. Conclusions. Transdisciplinary nature of new science-intensive research allows solving complex problems in the traditional, allied and new fields of science, more efficient using natural, energy and financial resources, as well as facilitates the development of new paradigms of engineering. Implementation of such approaches has already yielded to obtain a new generation of composites protecting people from the impact of aggressive environmental factors and will enable innovative breakthroughs in the future. Acknowledgements. The research was realized owing to the resources of the State Programme of the Russian Federation “Development of Sciences and Technologies” for the years 2013 to 2020, the Programme of fundamental scientific research of the State Academies of Sciences for the years 2013 to 2020, within the framework of the Plan of fundamental scientific research of the Ministry of Construction Industry, Housing and Utilities Sector of the Russian Federation and Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences, Topic 7.5.1.; a reference university development programme based on BSTU named after V.G. Shoukhov with use of equipment of the High Technology Center at BSTU named after V.G. Shoukhov.

scholarly journals E-Learning System Development: Challenges and Threats in the Digital Economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Derevtsova ◽  
Maria Kartapoltseva ◽  
Polina Snitsareva ◽  
Sofia Sych
Keyword(s):  
Distance Education ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Learning System ◽  
Complex Situation ◽  
Digital Inequality ◽  
Broadband Internet ◽  
E Learning ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Impact

In the context of the digital transformation of all socio-economic processes of society and the complex situation with «live» communication (as a result of the coronavirus pandemic), in Russia and other countries of the world, the problem of organizing an effective e-learning system at all levels of education is first on the agenda. In the Russian Federation, the solution to this problem is currently being exacerbated by the digital inequality of territories that has developed for various reasons. This situation is explained by many factors, including the level of availability of high-speed Internet, the level of digitalization of the local telephone network, the cost of IT services in various regions of our country. The article identified the current problems of the modern system of electronic (distance) education in the Russian Federation, revealed the impact of these problems on the practice of digital learning, examined the challenges and threats of implementing the e-learning system in practice, including those related to the digital inequality of Russian territories. The authors presented an analysis of statistical data that characterize the level of students’ access to broadband internet in various regions of Russia, which is required for the normal functioning of modern educational platforms. As a result of the analysis, the authors of the article formulated proposals to reduce the risks of distance education, as well as possible ways of its improvement.

scholarly journals The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Realization of the Constitutional Rights and Freedoms of Criminal Proceedings' Participants

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 786-797
Author(s):  
Olga Andreeva ◽  
Oleg Zaycev ◽  
Anna Kudryavceva
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
Constitutional Rights ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Court Proceedings ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

The recent emergence of such new previously unknown threats to the state, the society and the individual that are not provided for in the key documents on strategic development of the Russian Federation as the pandemic of COVID-19 will lead to long-term unpredictable consequences and make a considerable impact on all spheres of activity. In the future, other previously unknown and equally dangerous infectious diseases may emerge and crisis situations may develop. The goal of this study is to identify the problem areas of criminal proceedings in crisis situations and to develop research-based and practically relevant recommendations aimed at ensuring the constitutional rights and freedoms of criminal proceedings participants in an emergency situation, a lockdown introduced to protect the life and health of these participants as well as people they contact with, regardless of their procedural legal status. Specific tasks of the study: 1) to identify the special features of Russian legislation that regulate the procedure of the preliminary investigation and the court inquiry of a criminal case that permit distance participation of any criminal case participants; 2) to analyze the results of the work of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation that took into account the threats that the pandemic poses to the state, the individual and the society; 3) to present the views of Russian and foreign researchers of court proceedings on the analyzed sphere of activities; 4) to study the international experience connected with the impact of infectious diseases on criminal justice; 5) to present recommendations regarding the future development of legislation and improvement of the practice of law enforcement aimed at ensuring the constitutional rights and freedoms of the participants of criminal proceedings in the conditions of emergency. The methodological basis of research is the dialectical method of cognition, the general research methods of abstracting, analysis and synthesis, as well as specific legal methods: comparative-legal, logical-legal, etc. The authors have come to the conclusion that COVID-19 pandemic had a considerable influence on the introduction of new information and communication technologies into the criminal court proceedings. The existing situation convincingly demonstrates that it is necessary to search for new conceptual ideas and technologies, to use them in the doctrine of criminal procedure law and to develop research-based suggestions on improving legislation and the practice of law enforcement, which will effectively ensure the constitutional rights and freedoms of the subjects of criminal procedure relations in the conditions of isolation, including a right to a fair trial and access to justice. The authors argue for the expediency of modernizing legislation, for the transition of court proceedings from a simple written form to the electronic one, as well as to the paper-free interaction of all criminal proceedings participants.

Study of the current state of foreign trade of the Russian Federation under the influence of the covid-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-44
Author(s):  
А.С. ПЕТРОВА ◽  
Е.Е. НОЕВА ◽  
В.М. ЗАРОВНЯЕВА
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Industry Trade ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Impact

Пандемия COVID-19 и ограничения, направленные на ее сдерживание, привели к снижению экономической активности, сокращению мировой торговли, оказали масштабное воздействие на мировую экономику, усилив существующие проблемы. Следствием замедления темпов экономического роста в глобальных масштабах, затронувшим большинство секторов экономики, стало падение спроса на энергоресурсы. Такая тенденция должна была неизбежно отразиться на показателях российской внешней торговли, в структуре которой значительную долю экспорта формирует именно топливно-энергетическое сырье. В данной работе представлен анализ современного состояния и особенностей реализации внешнеторговой деятельности РФ в условиях антиковидных ограничений. Исследована как товарная, так и географическая структура экспорта и импорта Российской Федерации до пандемии и в 2020 г. Дана оценка влиянию пандемии на торговлю услугами. Рассчитаны индексы внутриотраслевой торговли РФ. Полученные данные позволили оценить степень воздействия текущего экономического кризиса на изменение динамики показателей внешней торговли России. Анализ выявил явный дисбаланс в структуре, как экспорта, так и импорта, и серьезную зависимость от конъюнктуры энергетических рынков, сжатие которых привело к существенному сокращению экспортных поступлений. Основываясь на результатах проделанной работы, можно прийти к выводу, что ранее принятые меры, ориентированные на импортозамещение и развитие в РФ высокотехнологичных отраслей, пока явных положительных результатов не дают, по крайней мере, структура внешней торговли их не отражает. Если анализировать показатели внутриотраслевой торговли, то они свидетельствуют о слабой диверсификации экспорта, а также о неконкурентоспособности целых секторов российской экономики. В условиях новых вызовов и увеличения степени неопределенности следует взглянуть на роль РФ в международном разделении труда под новым углом. The COVID-19 pandemic and the restrictions aimed at containing it have led to a decrease in economic activity, a reduction in world trade, and had a massive impact on the global economy, exacerbating existing problems. The slowdown in economic growth on a global scale, which affected most sectors of the economy, resulted in a drop in demand for energy resources. This trend should inevitably affect the indicators of Russian foreign trade, in the structure of which a significant share of exports is formed by fuel and energy raw materials. This paper presents an analysis of the current state and features of the development of foreign trade activities of the Russian Federation in the context of antiquated restrictions. We investigated both the commodity and the geographical structure of exports and imports of the Russian Federation before the pandemic and in 2020. The impact of the pandemic on trade in services is assessed. The indices of intra-industry trade of the Russian Federation were calculated. The data obtained made it possible to assess the degree of impact of the current economic crisis on the change in the dynamics of indicators of Russia’s foreign trade. The analysis revealed a clear imbalance in the structure of both exports and imports, and a serious dependence on the conjuncture of energy markets, the contraction of which led to a significant reduction in export earnings. Based on the results of the work done, we can conclude that the previously adopted measures aimed at import substitution and the development of high-tech industries in the Russian Federation have not yet yielded clear positive results, at least the structure of foreign trade does not reflect them. If we analyze the indicators of intra-industry trade, they indicate a weak diversification of exports, as well as the lack of competitiveness of entire sectors of the Russian economy. In the face of new challenges and an increasing degree of uncertainty, one should look at the role of the Russian Federation in the international division of labor from a new angle.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Innovation Processes in the Russian Federation and the Countries of Southeast Asia

2021 ◽  
pp. 110-129
Author(s):  
Larissa S. Ruban ◽  
◽  
Мaksim А. Ananjin ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
High Tech ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Asean Countries ◽  
Effective Development ◽  
The Impact

The authors undertake a comparative analysis of the development of the innovation process in the Russian Federation and the countries of Southeast Asia, taking into account the dynamic changes that have occurred since the late 90s of the twentieth century to the present, taking into account the impact of the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic. The article shows the production and social sectors where innovation and digitalization are most actively implemented: IT, software development, retail and others. The authors trace the historical sequence of the emergence and development of high-tech zones, technology parks, startups and business incubators in Russia and the ASEAN countries, show their successes and the difficulties and problems they face. The conclusion made is unambiguous: only on the path of cooperation on the introduction of innovations in production and in all spheres of social life is the effective development of society possible.

World experience in using the program-targeted planning methods for high-tech industry development

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 1723-1735
Author(s):  
A.Yu. Pronin
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
High Tech Industry ◽  
Industry Development ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Planning Methods ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Development Objectives

Subject. The article investigates the program-targeted planning methodology, which is implemented in the Russian Federation and leading foreign countries, for high-tech industry development. Objectives. The aim is to identify the specifics of program-targeted planning for the development of high-tech industries, to shape programs and plans for innovative development in the Russian Federation and leading foreign countries. Methods. The study employs general scientific methods of systems analysis, including the statistical and logical analysis. Results. I reviewed methods of program-targeted planning, implemented by the world’s leading countries (the Russian Federation, United States of America, France, Great Britain, Netherlands, Norway, Japan, Canada), in the interests of the development of various high-tech sectors of the economy. The study established that the methodology of program-targeted management is an effective tool for resource allocation by various types of economic activities in accordance with national priorities. I developed proposals by priority areas for improving the methodology for program-targeted planning and management in the Russian Federation in modern economic conditions. Conclusions. The findings and presented proposals can be used to improve methods for program-targeted planning to develop high-tech sectors of the economy; to design various long-term programs and plans, reducing the risk of their implementation; to determine the ways and methods of sustainable socio-economic and innovative and technological development of the world's leading economies.

THE VALUE OF LOVE IN THE SYSTEM OF FORMATION OF THE PROFESSIONAL MATURITY OF THE EDUCATOR

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (10(79)) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
G. Bubyreva
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right

The existing legislation determines the education as "an integral and focused process of teaching and upbringing, which represents a socially important value and shall be implemented so as to meet the interests of the individual, the family, the society and the state". However, even in this part, the meaning of the notion ‘socially significant benefit is not specified and allows for a wide range of interpretation [2]. Yet the more inconcrete is the answer to the question – "who and how should determine the interests of the individual, the family and even the state?" The national doctrine of education in the Russian Federation, which determined the goals of teaching and upbringing, the ways to attain them by means of the state policy regulating the field of education, the target achievements of the development of the educational system for the period up to 2025, approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of October 4, 2000 #751, was abrogated by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of March 29, 2014 #245 [7]. The new doctrine has not been developed so far. The RAE Academician A.B. Khutorsky believes that the absence of the national doctrine of education presents a threat to national security and a violation of the right of citizens to quality education. Accordingly, the teacher has to solve the problem of achieving the harmony of interests of the individual, the family, the society and the government on their own, which, however, judging by the officially published results, is the task that exceeds the abilities of the participants of the educational process.  The particular concern about the results of the patriotic upbringing served as a basis for the legislative initiative of the RF President V. V. Putin, who introduced the project of an amendment to the Law of RF "About Education of the Russian Federation" to the State Duma in 2020, regarding the quality of patriotic upbringing [3]. Patriotism, considered by the President of RF V. V. Putin as the only possible idea to unite the nation is "THE FEELING OF LOVE OF THE MOTHERLAND" and the readiness for every sacrifice and heroic deed for the sake of the interests of your Motherland. However, the practicing educators experience shortfalls in efficient methodologies of patriotic upbringing, which should let them bring up citizens, loving their Motherland more than themselves. The article is dedicated to solution to this problem based on the Value-sense paradigm of upbringing educational dynasty of the Kurbatovs [15].

Digital tax: an instructive foreign experience

2020 ◽  
pp. 69-87
Author(s):  
K.S. Teteryatnikov ◽  
S.G. Каmolov ◽  
D.A. Blashkina
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Digital Products ◽  
Tax Reforms ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
The Usa ◽  
On Line ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article is meant to analyze current problems and prospects for the development of effective tax policy as part of digital transformation of Russian economy. Introduction of a digital tax and the consequences of the digital tax reforms in the EU, the USA and OECD countries are highlighted. The necessity of qualitative transformation of the tax system of the Russian Federation in response to modern challenges is substantiated, taking into account the changes of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation adopted at the end of July 2020. The authors suggested their own concept of a digital tax and the prospects for its adoption in Russia, and consider it inappropriate to impose taxes on Internet users who do not use the Internet for business. Today, the main focus should be made on creating and testing effective technologies that allow on-line monitoring the tax basis of digital economy entities, taking into account the cross-border movement or use of digital products (goods and services). In addition, it would be extremely important to provide for a potential tax exemption for part of the profits of international ICT companies that are received on the territory of the Russian Federation and reinvested in joint with Russian companies projects in the high-tech for civil purposes area.

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