scholarly journals Transgenic trees: how far the pollen flies?

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-161
Author(s):  
S Leonardi
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Trees

scholarly journals Overexpression of vesicle-associated membrane protein PttVAP27-17 as a tool to improve biomass production and the overall saccharification yields in Populus trees

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhavi Latha Gandla ◽  
Niklas Mähler ◽  
Sacha Escamez ◽  
Tomas Skotare ◽  
Ogonna Obudulu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Protein ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Enzymatic Saccharification ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Populus Tremula ◽  
Transgenic Trees ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Glucose Yield ◽  
Transgenic Lines ◽  
Wild Type Control

Abstract Background Bioconversion of wood into bioproducts and biofuels is hindered by the recalcitrance of woody raw material to bioprocesses such as enzymatic saccharification. Targeted modification of the chemical composition of the feedstock can improve saccharification but this gain is often abrogated by concomitant reduction in tree growth. Results In this study, we report on transgenic hybrid aspen (Populus tremula × tremuloides) lines that showed potential to increase biomass production both in the greenhouse and after 5 years of growth in the field. The transgenic lines carried an overexpression construct for Populus tremula × tremuloides vesicle-associated membrane protein (VAMP)-associated protein PttVAP27-17 that was selected from a gene-mining program for novel regulators of wood formation. Analytical-scale enzymatic saccharification without any pretreatment revealed for all greenhouse-grown transgenic lines, compared to the wild type, a 20–44% increase in the glucose yield per dry weight after enzymatic saccharification, even though it was statistically significant only for one line. The glucose yield after enzymatic saccharification with a prior hydrothermal pretreatment step with sulfuric acid was not increased in the greenhouse-grown transgenic trees on a dry-weight basis, but increased by 26–50% when calculated on a whole biomass basis in comparison to the wild-type control. Tendencies to increased glucose yields by up to 24% were present on a whole tree biomass basis after acidic pretreatment and enzymatic saccharification also in the transgenic trees grown for 5 years on the field when compared to the wild-type control. Conclusions The results demonstrate the usefulness of gene-mining programs to identify novel genes with the potential to improve biofuel production in tree biotechnology programs. Furthermore, multi-omic analyses, including transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolomic analyses, performed here provide a toolbox for future studies on the function of VAP27 proteins in plants.

scholarly journals Control of Pollen-Mediated Gene Flow in Transgenic Trees

2012 ◽  
Vol 159 (4) ◽  
pp. 1319-1334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunsheng Zhang ◽  
Kim H. Norris-Caneda ◽  
William H. Rottmann ◽  
Jon E. Gulledge ◽  
Shujun Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Transgenic Trees

scholarly journals Faster Evaluation of Induced Floral Sterilit

2006 ◽  
Vol 55 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 285-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Hoenicka ◽  
O. Nowitzki ◽  
Th. Debener ◽  
Matthias Fladung
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Early Flowering ◽  
Transgenic Trees ◽  
Vegetative Period ◽  
Forest Tree Species ◽  
Plant Group ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Transgenic Lines ◽  
Vegetative Phases

Abstract A major concern over the use of transgenic trees is the potential for transgene dispersal through pollen and seeds. The incorporation of sterility inducing genes into transgenic lines of trees has been proposed to reduce or even avoid gene flow of transgenes into non-transgenic interbreeding species. The evaluation of strategies for the induction of sterility in transgenic forest tree species has been hindered by their long vegetative phases. In this study an early flowering 35S::Leafy poplar line was used for the faster evaluation of the sterility construct C-GPDHC::Vst1. The combination of two transgenic approaches, one to induce early flowering and a second for the induction of sterility, allowed evaluation of this sterility strategy two years after transformation. This is a very short period of time considering the long vegetative period of seven to twenty years common in forest tree species. This approach opens opportunities for the assessment of sterility mechanisms for this plant group.

scholarly journals Engineering Forest Trees with Heavy Metal Resistance Genes

2006 ◽  
Vol 55 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 263-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott A. Merkle
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Metal Resistance ◽  
Transgenic Trees ◽  
Forest Trees ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals

Abstract Pollution of soil and water with heavy metals such as mercury, cadmium and arsenic, is a worldwide problem. Phytoremediation, the use of plants to remove, sequester or detoxify pollutants, including heavy metals, offers an environmentally-friendly alternative to engineering- based methods for remediation. Forest trees have multiple features that make them particularly useful for removal of toxic heavy metals, especially if they can be engineered with genes allowing them to handle high levels of these elements. Although still in its infancy, research with transgenic trees carrying genes allowing them to detoxify or sequester some heavy metals has already made promising progress. Most of the work to date has been performed using poplar species and hybrids, although other woody species could be equally as useful. Trees have been engineered with genes for the handling of mercury, cadmium, copper and arsenic following two main approaches, phytoextraction and phytotransformation/ phytovolatilizaton. In vitro studies have shown the transgenic trees to have enhanced abilities to tolerate and/or accumulate these metals, and preliminary results from field tests indicate that the trees are functioning. New combinations of genes involved in metal transport or conversion may further enhance the heavy metal remediation capabilities of the transgenic trees. Given the environmentally friendly application, forest trees engineered for phytoremediation may be some of the first transgenic forest trees approved for operational deployment.

Assessing the persistence of DNA in decomposing leaves of genetically modified poplar trees

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 977-982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Hay ◽  
Marie-Josée Morency ◽  
Armand Séguin
Keyword(s):  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Transgenic Trees ◽  
Transgenic Poplar ◽  
Dna Encoding ◽  
Forest Environment ◽  
Recombinant Plant ◽  
Modified Dna

DNA transformation of forest tree species is now a striking reality and offers the possibility to generate transgenic trees with useful new characteristics. However, it is important to make the proper environmental assessment of these transgenic trees when established in field trials. For instance, the DNA released into the soil by decaying leaves and roots from the transgenic trees may become available for incorporation by soil microbes. The objective of this study was to investigate the persistence of recombinant plant marker genes in decomposing transgenic poplar leaf material. We studied the stability of the DNA encoding the neomycin phosphotransferase II resistance marker used in tree genetic engineering. DNA persistence in the environment was determined by placing transgenic poplar leaves in permeable bags that were located on weeds, on the soil, and below the soil and left under natural conditions on the site of a field trial for up to 12 months. This work is the first quantitative analysis of tree DNA stability in a natural forest environment. Our data indicate that fragments of the genetically modified DNA are not detectable in the field for more than 4 months.

The promoter of an A9 homolog from the conifer Cryptomeria japonica imparts male strobilus-dominant expression in transgenic trees

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manabu Kurita ◽  
Ken-ichi Konagaya ◽  
Atsushi Watanabe ◽  
Teiji Kondo ◽  
Katsuaki Ishii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cryptomeria Japonica ◽  
Transgenic Trees ◽  
Male Strobilus
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