Afterword: On Racial Binaries, Racism, and Creolization

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-90
Author(s):  
Virginia R. Dominguez
Keyword(s):  
American History ◽  
Social Classification ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
The U.S

Author of the pathbreaking work on créolité in Louisiana, White by Definition: Social Classification in Creole Louisiana (1986), Virginia R. Dominguez responds to the articles presented in the special dossier, “Créolité: Identity, History, Culture/Kreyòl: métissage, hybridité, bricolage.” Her reflections situate articles by Jonathan Gosnell, Juliane Braun, and Angel Adams Parham in relation to the racial binary dominating Anglo-American history in the U.S., racism (old and new), the relevance of history to the present, and writers’ and intellectuals’ roles in fostering change for the better. Auteur du texte fondateur sur la créolité en Louisiane, White by Definition: Social Classification in Creole Louisiana (1986), Virginia R. Dominguez répond aux articles présentés dans le dossier spécial, “Créolité: Identity, History, Culture/Kreyòl: métissage, hybridité, bricolage.” Ses réflexions situent les articles de Jonathan Gosnell, Juliane Braun et Angel Adams Parham par rapport au binarisme racial qui domine l’histoire anglo-américaine dans les États-Unis, le racisme (ancien et nouveau), et la pertinence de l’histoire à l’actualité, ainsi que le rôle des écrivains et des intellectuels à travailler pour le changement.

The Evolution of Britain's Approach to Crisis in Ukraine and UK–Russia Relations

2015 ◽  
pp. 35-45
Author(s):  
T. Andreeva
Keyword(s):  
Political Crisis ◽  
Bilateral Relations ◽  
Special Relations ◽  
Strategic Role ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
Ukrainian Crisis ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The U.S

The article covers the role the Great Britain has played as a fourth independent political actor of international relations, along with the U.S., EU and NATO, in the political crisis in Ukraine from its very beginning (2014), and in finding quick and effective ways of solving it. The article also explores the worsening of the bilateral relationship between UK and Russia under the influence of the 2014–2015 Ukrainian crisis, in a wide context of antagonism between the U.S. and Russia. There are several factors introduced in the article which hampered the crisis from the start and which still can be used to improve the bilateral relations in the nearest future. The author scrutinizes the evolution of the Britain's stance on the Ukrainian upheaval at the beginning of 2014, the Crimea annexation/joining perceived as a violation of the international law, Russia's interference in the conflict in the Eastern territories of Ukraine, and the imposing of sever EU and U.S. sanctions against Russia. The article highlights the influence of the Ukrainian crisis on the strengthening of Anglo-American “special relations” and on the revival of the NATO strategic role as a tool to confront Russia not only in this conflict, but also on the world stage. The author tries to assess the scope of damage for the UK–Russia relationship made by the Ukrainian crisis and answer the questions: where has British participation in this crisis boosted the Great Britain's world standing, when can the UK–Russia relations become better again, and what can help improve the relationship between two countries?

scholarly journals First Impressions: Anglo Travelers and the Origins of El Paso, Texas, 1846-1852

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Cioc-Ortega
Keyword(s):  
El Paso ◽  
Gold Rush ◽  
Santa Fe ◽  
New Town ◽  
Border Town ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
Paso Del Norte ◽  
Economic Landscape ◽  
Southern Route ◽  
The U.S

El Paso del Norte was a thriving agricultural region on the Santa Fe-Chihuahua trail when the U.S.-Mexico War (1846-1848) and the 1849 gold rush turned it into a border town on the southern route to California. The diaries and letters of the Anglo-American soldiers, engineers, and gold seekers who passed through the area in the 1840s and 1850s document the emergence of a new political and economic landscape that helped define the pattern of Anglo-Mexican relations in the new town of El Paso, Texas (across the Rio Grande from El Paso del Norte), well into the next century.

Introduction

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-32
Author(s):  
Traci C. West
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
American History ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
Narrative Approach ◽  
History Of ◽  
Interdisciplinary Framework ◽  
Theoretical Foundations ◽  
The U.S

This chapter presents the interdisciplinary framework of the book and its core argument linking issues of racism and religion--particularly heteropatriarchal Christianity--in the cultural support for gender violence. It argues that the conjoined presence of religion, anti-black racism, and sexual violence against women in American history of slavery and colonialism compels a similarly transnational exploration of inspiration from Africana activists and scholars to address U.S. gender violence. A methodological overview describes the book’s theoretical foundations in feminist and womanist studies, and how tools of ethnography, anthropology, and Christian theo-ethics inform the its unconventional narrative approach. The U.S.-based analysis features snapshots of the author’s encounters with leaders and their contexts, not a broad survey or comparison of gender violence in Ghana, South Africa, and Brazil.

The Compromise That Made the Republic and the Nation’s First Statistical Race

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Prewitt
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Public Policy ◽  
Affirmative Action ◽  
Social Science ◽  
American History ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The U.S

This chapter demonstrates how assumptions of racial superiority and inferiority tightly bound together statistical races, social science, and public policy. The starting point of this is constitutional language. The U.S. Constitution required a census of the white, the black, and the red races. Without this statistical compromise there would not have been a United States as it is today. In the early censuses slaves were counted as three-fifths of a person, a ratio demanded by slaveholder interests as the price of joining the Union. A deep policy disagreement at the moment of founding the nation was resolved in the creation of a statistical race. Later in American history the reverse frequently occurred. Specific policies—affirmative action, for example—took the shape they did because the statistical races were already at hand.

"Fondest Hopes of the West"

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Gordon
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Suez Canal ◽  
Military Rule ◽  
The West ◽  
Coup D'etat ◽  
Canal Zone ◽  
Alliance Politics ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
The U.S

This chapter examines the Free Officers' relations with Britain and the United States, particularly in light of the Anglo-Egyptian negotiations regarding the withdrawal of British troops from the Suez Canal Zone. In the aftermath of the March crisis, the Command Council of the Revolution (CCR) trained its sights on an evacuation agreement with the British. Both Washington and London felt that the officers shared common strategic and objective aims with the West. The chapter first considers the extent and nature of U.S. and British roles in the consolidation of military rule in Egypt before discussing the Anglo-Egyptian relations in the context of Anglo-American alliance politics. It also explores the question of the presence of British troops in the Suez Canal Zone, along with the U.S. and British response to the Free Officers' coup d'etat of 1952. Finally, it looks at the signing of the Suez accord between Egypt and Britain in October 1954.

Counterinsurgency in United States Army History, 1860 to 1975

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Vietnam War ◽  
United States Army ◽  
American History ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Indian Wars ◽  
Empire Building ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
The U.S

American history is replete with instances of counterinsurgency. An unsurprising reality considering the United States has always participated in empire building, thus the need to pacify resistance to expansion. For much of its existence, the U.S. has relied on its Army to pacify insurgents. While the U.S. Army used traditional military formations and use of technology to battle peer enemies, the same strategy did not succeed against opponents who relied on speed and surprise. Indeed, in several instances, insurgents sought to fight the U.S. Army on terms that rendered superior manpower and technology irrelevant. By introducing counterinsurgency as a strategy, the U.S. Army attempted to identify and neutralize insurgents and the infrastructure that supported them. Discussions of counterinsurgency include complex terms, thus readers are provided with simplified, yet accurate definitions and explanations. Moreover, understanding the relevant terms provided continuity between conflicts. While certain counterinsurgency measures worked during the American Civil War, the Indian Wars, and in the Philippines, the concept failed during the Vietnam War. The complexities of counterinsurgency require readers to familiarize themselves with its history, relevant scholarship, and terminology—in particular, counterinsurgency, pacification, and infrastructure.

The U.S. Civil War: A Very Short Introduction

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis P. Masur
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
American History ◽  
Short Introduction ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us Civil War ◽  
Government Authority ◽  
The U.S

The US Civil War: A Very Short Introduction covers a period in American history characterized by decades of intensifying conflict over slavery and government authority, culminating in Abraham Lincoln’s election and eleven states seceding from the Union. The Civil War began as a limited conflict with the aim of restoring the Union. It became a diffuse, violent war that lasted four years, claimed hundreds of thousands of lives, and ultimately led to the abolition of slavery and a vigorous debate over the terms by which the seceded states would be restored to the nation. This VSI ends with a chapter on the aftermath of the war and the remaking of America.

The European Grain Invasion, 1870–1913

1997 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 775-801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin H. O'Rourke
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Trade Policies ◽  
Transport Costs ◽  
Real Wages ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
European Economies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The U.S

The article quantifies the impact of cheap grain on the European economy in the late nineteenth century. Falling transport costs led to dramatic declines in Anglo-American grain price gaps, but price convergence was less impressive between the U.S. and other European economies, and within Europe. Cheaper grain meant lower rents throughout Europe, and protection boosted rents, but the magnitudes involved differed between countries. Similarly, cheap grain increased real wages in Britain, but lowered them elsewhere. The grain invasion implied different shocks across countries, and this partly explains the varying trade policies pursued in Europe during this period.

Tensions of Colonial Cooperation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
JoAnna Poblete
Keyword(s):  
Free Will ◽  
Permanent Worker ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
The U.S

This chapter examines the Philippines's authority over labor complaints in Hawaiʻi, with particular emphasis on the position of resident labor commissioner that Filipino U.S. colonials in Hawaiʻi lobbied for and acquired in 1923. It first provides an overview of the U.S. government's Filipinization policy in 1913 before turning to early Philippine labor mediators. It then considers the creation of a permanent worker representative in the islands through the Philippine legislature. It also looks at the appointment of Cayetano Ligot as the first Philippine labor commissioner and the movement launched by Filipinos in Hawaiʻi to remove him from office. It shows that Ligot created more problems than solutions for Filipino laborers in Hawaiʻi, and that the Filipinization of the intra-colonial labor complaint process in the Pacific did not result in improved conditions for the average Filipino. Despite the collaboration between Philippine and Anglo-American leaders, Filipino intra-colonials in Hawaiʻi found ways to express their own desires and free will.

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