scholarly journals Feminicide, Women's Bodies and Impunity

10.3823/2592 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cícero Ferreira Freitas ◽  
Modesto Leite Rolim Neto
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Cultural Patterns ◽  
Vulnerability Factors ◽  
Women's Bodies ◽  
Self Mutilation ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right

Background: One must take into account the conditions that develop the lives of several women who are at risk, above all, in terms of mental health. In addition, Latin American countries dominate the 10 ranking on feminicide. Objective: To understand the chaotic scenario that haunts the reality of many women around the world. Dark, bloody and restrained are common adjectives to the silent daily suffering they experience. Results: In general, there’s also a reluctance in some communities to acknowledge violence against women as a problem. Thus, it is noted that such taboos make it difficult to debate the topic. As a consequence, the chauvinism culture silences an already voiceless problem because of the lack of financial support experienced by these women to raise their children. At this stage, demanding justice and upholding the law guaranteeing the right to life of all citizens often seems to be the only way to punish the perpetrators of these women. Limitations: Although it is a current theme, faced with the situational framework, it is difficult to find evidence about this aspect, it's important to highlight that those vulnerability factors are also risk factors for mental health disorders following assault. It was found that factors such as age, personal characteristics such as the life history of each person, involvement with self-mutilation, participation and support in mental or social services suggest to be more important than the type of aggression as predictors of mental disorders health. Conclusion: At first sight it seems that it is impossible to give what you do not have for someone who does not want to, but this is only a psychological contradiction if you consider indifference and love, or anger and love, or hatred and love as opposing feelings, as long as those feelings can exist simultaneously. It is necessary for society to reclaim humanity for women to exercise freedom. Because based on what was seen are still cultural patterns, like misogyny, discrimination and the ideal of male superiority that support the guilty of the assaulted rather than the aggressor.

Medical Men and Peeping Toms

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Lake
Keyword(s):  
Personal Privacy ◽  
Right To Privacy ◽  
Women's Bodies ◽  
The Right To Privacy ◽  
Moving Images ◽  
Reproductive Body ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Right

This chapter examines cases in which a right to privacy was invoked by women to protest against violations of their bodies or the bodies of their newborn babies. This chapter offers a history of the right to privacy that charts the ways in which the law traditionally “protected” women’s bodies by treating them as male property and confining them to the home. The advent of the camera, its ability to penetrate physical and temporal boundaries, and its creation of movable as well as moving images, brought into question the efficacy of laws such as trespass and nuisance (grounded in physical structures) to protect personal privacy. To highlight the new invasions inflicted by the camera, I compare the cases of DeMay v Roberts and Feeney v Young, which involved the optic violation of a woman’s reproductive body by a stranger’s eyes and a camera respectively. Using a series of medical cases, I argue that many women invoked a right to privacy to protest against the transformation of their bodies (and the bodies of their dead deformed infants) into voyeuristic spectacles of “monstrosity”.

Mexico, Gilberto Bosques and the Refugees

2000 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friedrich Katz
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Latin American ◽  
The United States ◽  
American Military ◽  
Latin Americans ◽  
North Americans ◽  
Promised Land ◽  
Mexican Government ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right

In the eyes of many North Americans, Mexico is above all a country of immigration from which hundreds of thousands hope to pass across the border to find the promised land in the United States. What these North Americans do not realize is that for thousands of Latin Americans and for many U.S. intellectuals, Mexico after the revolution of 1910-1920 constituted the promised land. People persecuted for their political or religious beliefs—radicals, revolutionaries but liberals as well—could find refuge in Mexico when repressive regimes took over their country.In the 1920s such radical leaders as Víctor Raúl Haya De La Torre, César Augusto Sandino and Julio Antonio Mella found refuge in Mexico. This policy continued for many years even after the Mexican government turned to the right. Thousands of refugees from Latin American military dictatorships in Argentina, Chile, and Uruguay fled to Mexico. The history of that policy of the Mexican government has not yet been written.

Characteristics of Competency Referral Defendants and Nonreferred Criminal Defendants

1988 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moss Aubrey
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Future Study ◽  
Violent Behavior ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Competency To Stand Trial ◽  
Several Variables ◽  
Criminal Justice Systems ◽  
History Of

This study examines correlates of referral for evaluation of competency to stand trial. Two hundred and four arrestees were studied; one-half of the cases included referrals for evaluation of competency. Characteristics of referred and nonreferred cases are examined. Several variables appear to be associated with such referrals, including the defendant's marital status and age, the history of prior contact with both the mental health and criminal justice systems, and the presence or absence of impulsive or violent behavior during the commission of the crime. Defendants’ personal characteristics seem more closely associated with referral than do demographic or crime characteristics. Directions for future study are suggested.

scholarly journals Mental Healthcare in Rural Latin America

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jody Epstein
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
Health Service Delivery ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Service Delivery ◽  
History Of ◽  
Health Disorders

<p class="normal">The goal of this article is to provide an overview of epidemiology of mental health disorders in Latin America, discuss unique issues in mental health faced by rural Latin American communities, summarize the history of Latin American healthcare systems, and describe current strategies to improve and innovate mental health service delivery in Latin America.  </p>

scholarly journals A case of attempted bilateral self-enucleation in a patient with bipolar disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Muniz Castro ◽  
John Alvarez ◽  
Robert G. Bota ◽  
Marc Yonkers ◽  
Jeremiah Tao
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Surgical Repair ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Self Mutilation ◽  
Intraocular Hemorrhage ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Psychotic Features ◽  
Tomography Scan

Attempted and completed self-enucleation, or removal of one’s own eyes, is a rare but devastating form of self-mutilation behavior. It is often associated with psychiatric disorders, particularly schizophrenia, substance induced psychosis, and bipolar disorder. We report a case of a patient with a history of bipolar disorder who gouged his eyes bilaterally as an attempt to self-enucleate himself. On presentation, the patient was manic with both psychotic features of hyperreligous delusions and command auditory hallucinations of God telling him to take his eyes out. On presentation, the patient had no light perception vision in both eyes and his exam displayed severe proptosis, extensive conjunctival lacerations, and visibly avulsed extraocular muscles on the right side. An emergency computed tomography scan of the orbits revealed small and irregular globes, air within the orbits, and intraocular hemorrhage. He was taken to the operating room for surgical repair of his injuries. Attempted and completed self-enucleation is most commonly associated with schizophrenia and substance induced psychosis, but can also present in patients with bipolar disorder. Other less commonly associated disorders include obsessive-compulsive disorder, depression, mental retardation, neurosyphilis, Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, and structural brain lesions.

Occupying the Land, Grabbing the Body

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-110
Author(s):  
Nena Močnik
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Cultural Patterns ◽  
Women's Bodies ◽  
Patriarchal System ◽  
Historical Continuity ◽  
Bosnian War ◽  
History Of ◽  
Female Bodies ◽  
Voluntary Choice ◽  
The Military

This article traces trajectories of colonized bodies and (female) sexualities through the geopolitical and historical continuity in the territories of what is now Bosnia-Herzegovina. Starting with the historiographic overview of women under Ottoman rule, the author addresses the “patriarchal bargain,” that is, women’s (in)voluntary choice to accommodate the frame of patriarchal norms and restrictions. The second section moves to the period of the Bosnian war in the 1990s and turns to the study of female bodies subjected to “double colonialism.” If women had been previously codified, categorized, and disciplined through the patriarchal system, during the war, the author claims, the military, political, and cultural occupation of their “land” doubles the “colonialization.” In the third part of this study, the author observes how the history of (semi)colonial practices in Bosnia-Herzegovina is reflected in present cultural patterns and physical manifestations through women’s bodies as the phenomenon that some authors with (justified) hesitation call “neo-ottomanism.”

scholarly journals Reactions to abortion and subsequent mental health

2009 ◽  
Vol 195 (5) ◽  
pp. 420-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Fergusson ◽  
L. John Horwood ◽  
Joseph M. Boden
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Health History ◽  
Mental Health History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
The Right

BackgroundThere has been continued interest in the extent to which women have positive and negative reactions to abortion.AimsTo document emotional reactions to abortion, and to examine the links between reactions to abortion and subsequent mental health outcomes.MethodData were gathered on the pregnancy and mental health history of a birth cohort of over 500 women studied to the age of 30.ResultsAbortion was associated with high rates of both positive and negative emotional reactions; however, nearly 90% of respondents believed that the abortion was the right decision. Analyses showed that the number of negative responses to the abortion was associated with increased levels of subsequent mental health disorders (P<0.05). Further analyses suggested that, after adjustment for confounding, those having an abortion and reporting negative reactions had rates of mental health disorders that were approximately 1.4–1.8 times higher than those not having an abortion.ConclusionsAbortion was associated with both positive and negative emotional reactions. The extent of negative emotional reactions appeared to modify the links between abortion and subsequent mental health problems.

scholarly journals Psychosocial Vulnerability Among Patients Contacting a Norwegian Sexual Assault Center

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 2138-2157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bjarte Frode Vik ◽  
Jim Aage Nöttestad ◽  
Berit Schei ◽  
Kirsten Rasmussen ◽  
Cecilie Therese Hagemann
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Vulnerability Factors ◽  
Vulnerability Factor ◽  
History Of ◽  
Specific Vulnerability

In this study, the objective was to assess the occurrence of specific vulnerability factors among adult and adolescent females attending a Norwegian sexual assault center (SAC). We also explored assault characteristics and investigated whether these characteristics differed between the group of patients with vulnerability factors compared with the group without such factors. We conducted a retrospective descriptive study of 573 women ≥ 12 years of age attending the SAC at St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway, between July 1, 2003 and December 31, 2010. A patient was considered vulnerable if at least one of the following features was present: intellectual or physical disability; history of present/former mental health problems; history of present/former alcohol/substance abuse; or former sexual assault. At least one vulnerability factor was present in 59% of the cases. More than one vulnerability factor was present in 29%. Reporting at least one vulnerability factor was associated with a higher patient age, unemployment, a higher frequency of reported light/moderate physical violence, and the documentation of minor body injury. In contrast, those without vulnerability more often were students assaulted during night time, by a casual or stranger assailant and reporting a higher intake of alcohol prior to the assault. There are obvious patterns of differences in the nature of sexual assaults reported among victims with specific vulnerability factors compared with victims without these factors. Future research should address these differences and possible solutions for better protection of especially vulnerable individuals against sexual offenses, such as those with mental health and substance abuse difficulties.

The Case for the Abolition of Mental Health Law

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-90
Author(s):  
Kay Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
International Human Rights Law ◽  
Health Law ◽  
Disability Rights ◽  
Mental Impairment ◽  
Mental Health Law ◽  
Poor Treatment ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right

Chapter 3 traces the history of opposition to mental health law including anti-psychiatry and the emergence of the disability rights movement explaining where the call for the abolition of mental health law has come from and why it has emerged in international human rights law now. It argues that the call for abolition is more than just a reaction to historically poor treatment, but is a qualitatively different basis for understanding mental impairment. It explains the Abolition with Support model and sets out the key arguments for the abolition of mental health law being that mental health law is a form of social control of non-conformists, that it is discriminatory and a denial of legal capacity, that free and informed consent is integral to the right to health, that it is an unjustified interference with liberty, that it is an unjustified interference with the integrity of the person, that it is a form of torture and cruel, inhuman, and degrading treatment and punishment, that it is inconsistent with the right to independent living, that it is ineffective and un-therapeutic, that there are better non-coercive alternatives, that it undermines the ‘dignity of risk’ of persons with mental impairment, and that mental health law is too ‘easy’ and creates a culture of coercion throughout the entire mental health system. While I ultimately argue against the abolition of mental health law in favour of substantial reform, I argue that it is important to listen to and properly understand abolitionists’ concerns in order to improve mental health law and include persons with mental impairment in the policy-making and health-care decision-making process.

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