scholarly journals A case of attempted bilateral self-enucleation in a patient with bipolar disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Muniz Castro ◽  
John Alvarez ◽  
Robert G. Bota ◽  
Marc Yonkers ◽  
Jeremiah Tao
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Surgical Repair ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Self Mutilation ◽  
Intraocular Hemorrhage ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Psychotic Features ◽  
Tomography Scan

Attempted and completed self-enucleation, or removal of one’s own eyes, is a rare but devastating form of self-mutilation behavior. It is often associated with psychiatric disorders, particularly schizophrenia, substance induced psychosis, and bipolar disorder. We report a case of a patient with a history of bipolar disorder who gouged his eyes bilaterally as an attempt to self-enucleate himself. On presentation, the patient was manic with both psychotic features of hyperreligous delusions and command auditory hallucinations of God telling him to take his eyes out. On presentation, the patient had no light perception vision in both eyes and his exam displayed severe proptosis, extensive conjunctival lacerations, and visibly avulsed extraocular muscles on the right side. An emergency computed tomography scan of the orbits revealed small and irregular globes, air within the orbits, and intraocular hemorrhage. He was taken to the operating room for surgical repair of his injuries. Attempted and completed self-enucleation is most commonly associated with schizophrenia and substance induced psychosis, but can also present in patients with bipolar disorder. Other less commonly associated disorders include obsessive-compulsive disorder, depression, mental retardation, neurosyphilis, Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, and structural brain lesions.

scholarly journals A case of attempted bilateral self-enucleation in a patient with bipolar disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-22
Author(s):  
Hannah Muniz Castro ◽  
John Alvarez ◽  
Robert G. Bota ◽  
Marc Yonkers ◽  
Jeremiah Tao
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Surgical Repair ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Self Mutilation ◽  
Intraocular Hemorrhage ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Psychotic Features ◽  
Tomography Scan

Attempted and completed self-enucleation, or removal of one's own eyes, is a rare but devastating form of self-mutilation behavior. It is often associated with psychiatric disorders, particularly schizophrenia, substance induced psychosis, and bipolar disorder. We report a case of a patient with a history of bipolar disorder who gouged his eyes bilaterally as an attempt to self-enucleate himself. On presentation, the patient was manic with both psychotic features of hyperreligous delusions and command auditory hallucinations of God telling him to take his eyes out. On presentation, the patient had no light perception vision in both eyes and his exam displayed severe proptosis, extensive conjunctival lacerations, and visibly avulsed extraocular muscles on the right side. An emergency computed tomography scan of the orbits revealed small and irregular globes, air within the orbits, and intraocular hemorrhage. He was taken to the operating room for surgical repair of his injuries. Attempted and completed self-enucleation is most commonly associated with schizophrenia and substance induced psychosis, but can also present in patients with bipolar disorder. Other less commonly associated disorders include obsessive-compulsive disorder, depression, mental retardation, neurosyphilis, Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, and structural brain lesions.

scholarly journals Chronic Tinnitus following Electroconvulsive Therapy

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Robert L. Folmer ◽  
Yongbing Shi ◽  
Sarah Theodoroff
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Electroconvulsive Therapy ◽  
Muscle Pain ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Antipsychotic Medications ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
History Of ◽  
Auditory Systems ◽  
The Right ◽  
Depressive Episodes

A 43-year-old female with a 27-year history of obsessive-compulsive disorder and major depression had previously been treated with psychotherapy, antidepressant, and antipsychotic medications. Because these treatments were minimally effective and because the frequency and duration of her depressive episodes continued to increase, the patient was scheduled to undergo a series of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) procedures. The patient received four ECT treatments during one month. Stimulating current was delivered to the right frontotemporal region of the head. Electroencephalographic seizures occurred during each of the ECT procedures. After the patient recovered from anesthesia, she complained of headaches, muscle pain, amnesia, and, after the fourth ECT, she reported a ringing sound in her right ear. Audiometric testing the day after the fourth ECT revealed a slight increase in threshold for 8000 Hz tones in her right ear. It is likely that current delivered during the fourth ECT treatment triggered the perception of tinnitus for this patient. The unique organization of this patient's central nervous and auditory systems combined with her particular pharmacological history might have predisposed her to developing tinnitus.

Bipolar Disorder not Otherwise Specified: Comparison with Bipolar Disorder I/II and Major Depression

2007 ◽  
Vol 41 (10) ◽  
pp. 843-849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter R. Joyce ◽  
Katrina J. Light ◽  
Sarah L. Rowe ◽  
Martin A. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Substance Dependence ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Not Otherwise Specified ◽  
History Of ◽  
Self Transcendence ◽  
Family Based

Objective: To compare the personality, clinical and comorbidity characteristics of subjects meeting diagnostic criteria for bipolar disorder not otherwise specified (BDNOS) to those with major depression and bipolar I or II disorder. Methods: A family-based study was undertaken on the molecular genetics of depression and personality, in which the proband had been treated for depression, regardless of history, of hypomania or mania. Results: The 25 subjects with BDNOS were different to the 297 subjects with major depression and similar to 75 subjects with bipolar I or II disorder on social phobia, obsessive–compulsive disorder and substance dependence comorbidity. The BDNOS subjects also had personality traits more akin to the bipolar I or II disorder subjects, especially borderline personality traits and self transcendence. Conclusions: Subjects with BDNOS, based on a history of 1–3 day recurrent hypomanias, should be included within a broader bipolar spectrum.

How athletes coped with COVID-19 restrictions: differences between Switzerland and Italy

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Coping Resources ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Aggressive Action ◽  
History Of ◽  
Global Threat ◽  
Sport Facilities

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic is a global crisis of unprecedented scale in modern times. The initial outbreak of COVID-19 in Wuhan spread rapidly, affecting other parts of China and soon other countries becoming a global threat. [1] On 11 March 2020, the WHO has declared the ‘Pandemic state’ calling the governments to take ‘urgent and aggressive action’ to delay and mitigate the peak of infection. To respond to COVID-19 public health experts and government officials are taking several measures, including social distancing, self-isolation, or quarantine; strengthening health facilities to control the disease; and asking people to work at home. To safeguard the health of athletes and others involved all forms of organized sport have been either cancelled or postponed. These range from mass participation events such as marathon races to football league and even to the Olympics and Paralympics that for the first time in the history of the modern games, have been postponed, and will be held in 2021. All sport in Italy had been suspended from early March and from April the lockdown measures had been extended to the training session for professional and non-professional athletes within all sport facilities. Unlike Italy, the Swiss government has not imposed a general curfew so athletes continued to train outdoor although training in a group was forbidden. [2,3] Some athletes in this situation will be able to build on existing coping resources while others athletes may experience psychological symptoms including fear of being infected, anxiety of physical recovery if infected, disturbed sleep, eating disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and family conflicts.

The Orbitofrontal Cortex

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmund T. Rolls
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Orbitofrontal Cortex ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Animal Behaviour ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Undergraduate Level ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

The book will be valuable for those in the fields of neuroscience, neurology, psychology, psychiatry, biology, animal behaviour, economics, and philosophy, from the undergraduate level upwards. The book is unique in providing a coherent multidisciplinary approach to understanding the functions of one of the most interesting regions of the human brain, in both health and in disease, including depression, bipolar disorder, autism, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. There is no competing book published in the last 10 years.

Recurrent hyperperfusion in the right orbitofrontal cortex in obsessive–compulsive disorder

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 1082-1084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryohei Matsumoto ◽  
Takashi Nakamae ◽  
Takafumi Yoshida ◽  
Yurinosuke Kitabayashi ◽  
Yo Ushijima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Orbitofrontal Cortex ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
The Right

Bipolar disorder and comorbid obsessive-compulsive disorder is associated with higher rates of anxiety and impulse control disorders

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cilly Klüger Issler ◽  
Emel Serap Monkul ◽  
José Antonio de Mello Siqueira Amaral ◽  
Renata Sayuri Tamada ◽  
Roseli Gedanke Shavitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Impulse Control ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Impulse Control Disorders ◽  
Tic Disorders ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Residual Symptoms ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Episodes

Issler CK, Monkul ES, Amaral JAMS, Tamada RS, Shavitt RG, Miguel EC, Lafer B. Bipolar disorder and comorbid obsessive-compulsive disorder is associated with higher rates of anxiety and impulse control disorders.Objective:Although bipolar disorder (BD) with comorbid obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is highly prevalent, few controlled studies have assessed this comorbidity. The objective of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics and expression of comorbid disorders in female BD patients with OCD.Method:We assessed clinically stable female outpatients with BD: 15 with comorbid OCD (BD+OCD group) and 15 without (BD/no-OCD group). All were submitted to the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV, with additional modules for the diagnosis of kleptomania, trichotillomania, pathological gambling, onychophagia and skin picking.Results:The BD+OCD patients presented more chronic episodes, residual symptoms and previous depressive episodes than the BD/no-OCD patients. Of the BD+OCD patients, 86% had a history of treatment-emergent mania, compared with only 40% of the BD/no-OCD patients. The following were more prevalent in the BD+OCD patients than the BD/no-OCD patients: any anxiety disorder other than OCD; impulse control disorders; eating disorders; and tic disorders.Conclusion:Female BD patients with OCD may represent a more severe form of disorder than those without OCD, having more depressive episodes and residual symptoms, and being at a higher risk for treatment-emergent mania, as well as presenting a greater anxiety and impulse control disorder burden.

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