scholarly journals Pap smears: Frequency of Gardnerella vaginalis, Candida spp., Trichomonas vaginalis and pill use or copper intrauterine device use

10.3823/2231 ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Antonio Barreto Alves ◽  
Mariangela da Silva Nunes ◽  
Ricardo Fakhouri ◽  
Paulo Ricardo Saquete Martins-Filho ◽  
Maria do Carmo de Oliveira Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Intrauterine Device ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Pap Smears ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Device Use ◽  
Copper Intrauterine Device

scholarly journals Agents causing genital infections in routine cytological tests: frequency and characteristics of Papanicolaou smears

2022 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. S. Carvalho ◽  
N. K. A. Porto ◽  
P. V. M. Azevedo ◽  
P. K. A. Magalhães ◽  
E. N. de Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Clinical Pathology ◽  
Infectious Agent ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Pap Smears ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Pathology Laboratory ◽  
Genital Infections ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Urinary tract infections are responsible for most human infections, these are caused by bacteria, fungi, protozoa and associated microorganisms. The goal of this study was to determine the rate of vaginal infection-causing agents in routine cytological exams and also to evaluate the characteristics of positive tested Pap smears. A retrospective documental with descriptive aspect research was performed in a Clinical Pathology laboratory from Maceió-AL. The results of the Pap smears exams for Trichomonas vaginalis, Gardnerella vaginalis, Candida spp and HPV were arranged in a database as well as other data such as bacterial, protozoan, fungal and viral coinfections. The sample was composed by 18.645 women who have undergone Pap smear exams from 2013 to 2017. Of these analyzed exams, 27.4% in 2013, 10.9% in 2014, 10.6% in 2015, 15.2% in 2016 and 13.67% in 2017 were within normal range, however more than half of these exams presented some infections caused by unspecific or microbiological agents. By analyzing all the reports, 4.073 (21.84%) presented inflammations caused by some species of infectious agent with the following rate order: G. vaginalis and T. vaginalis. Furthermore, it was possible to confirm high rates of coinfection by and Candida spp. The rate of genital infections in this study highlights that there is a public health matter that must be controlled, which points a greater need for monitoring, guidance and actions towards greater awareness in order to prevent these problems.

scholarly journals Comparison of cervico-vaginal colonization among sexually active women by intrauterine device use

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (09) ◽  
pp. 930-935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selda Songur Dagli ◽  
Tülin Demir
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Intrauterine Device ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Fungal Culture ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Vaginal Colonization ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Chlamydial Antigen

Introduction: In this study we aimed to evaluate the effect of intrauterine devices (IUDs) on cervico-vaginal colonization. Methodology: Cervico-vaginal samples of 96 patients with vaginal discharge were included in the study. Microscopic evaluation, bacteriological and fungal culture, and antigen testing for Chlamydia trachomatis using an immunochromatographic test method were performed. Results: Trichomonas vaginalis was not detected by wet mount examination. Gram smear revealed that seven patients (7.3%) had Candida spp. and five (5.2%) had clue cell. Of the 96 swabs tested for conventional culture, pathogenic microorganisms were isolated from 24 patients. While Neisseria gonorrhoeae was not found in any of the sample, five (5.2%) were positive for Gardnerella vaginalis. Five (5.2%) were positive for C. trachomatis antigen, while three positivity only for C. trachomatis antigen, one had G. vaginalis additionally, and the other had a mixed infection. Chlamydial antigen positivity was higher among women over 30 years of age (p = 0.157). Increase in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PNL) was detected 40% and 35.2% of samples, positive and negative, for chlamydial antigen, respectively (p= 1.000). Among IUD+ cases, increase in PNL, fungal elements,  E. coli and Gram-positive bacteria and decrease in Lactobacillus spp. were observed, compared to IUD-cases. No statistically significant relationship was detected between IUD and chlamydial antigen with the reported rates of 4.8% and 5.6% for IUD+ or IUD-, respectively (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Statistically significant relationship was not detected between IUD and cervico-vaginal colonization. More comprehensive studies using specific test methods should be conducted to better understand the relationship.

scholarly journals Detection of Gardnerella vaginalis, Candida spp. and Trichomonas vaginalis DNA in symptomatic women

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vittorio Focarelli ◽  
Vincenzo Rondinelli ◽  
Maria Gabriella Lepore ◽  
Pasquale Minchella ◽  
Raffaele Saraceno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Candida Spp

scholarly journals Study of Trichomonas Vaginalis and Bacterial Vaginosis in Pap smear at a Tertiary Health Care Centre of Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
Rakesh Pathak ◽  
P Pradhan ◽  
S Pudasaini ◽  
S Maharjan ◽  
AS Basnyat
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Pap Smears ◽  
Vaginal Infections ◽  
Health Care Centre ◽  
Pap Screening

Cervical-vaginal infections are common problems in women of reproductive age presented with clinical features like white vaginal discharge, foul smelling odor and pruritis. Trichomonas vaginalis, Candidia and Gardnerella vaginalis are responsible for infectious vaginitis in creating anaerobic environment favoring Bacterial vaginosis caused by organisms like Gardnerella vaginalis, Chlamydia Trachomatis. Papanicolaou (Pap) smear examination is the simple, quick, painless routine screening test used for identification and detection of precancerous changes of uterine cervix as well as the cervico-vaginal infections resulting from bacterial, fungal and candida infections. The prime objective of the study was to identify the age wise distribution of cervical-vaginal infections and determine the frequency of Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) and Bacterial vaginosis (BV). A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Pathology, Nepal Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu. A total of 163 cases of TV and BV diagnosed on Pap smear were taken for the study. However, 564 Pap smears were received in the Department of Pathology for cytological evaluation during the study period. Once the smears were stained, the presence of clue cells, cannon balls and Trichomonas were observed. Out of 564 Pap smears received during the study period, 163 cases were of BV, TV and combined BV and TV. These 163 cases were included in our study. The age ranged from 20 to 65 years with majority (19.1%) of the women belonging to 35-39 years and the mean age was 38.18 ± 10.18 years. There were 97 cases (17.2%) of BV, 50 cases (8.9%) of TV and 16 cases (2.8%) of TV and BV co-infection. Bacterial vaginosis was the most predominant type of cervicovaginal infection followed by TV infection and TV and BV co-infections. Trichomonas vaginalis may create an environment favoring the development of BV. Pap screening could be the beneficial tool in early disease diagnosis and helps in preventing further complications by starting appropriate treatment.

scholarly journals Sexually transmitted diseases among women with habitual abortion

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-349
Author(s):  
N. K. Mahdi ◽  
M. M. Al Hamdani
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Disease ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Habitual Abortion ◽  
Control Study

Sexually transmitted disease as a risk factor for habitual abortion was investigated in a case-control study in Basra between October 1994 and May 1995. Of 81 women with habitual abortion, 41 [50.6%] had a sexually transmitted disease. In the normal pregnancy group, 64 of 119 women [53.8%] had a sexually transmitted disease [X [2] = 0.712, P > 0.05]. The isolation rates of Candida spp., Trichomonas vaginalis, Gardnerella vaginalis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in women with habitual abortion were not significantly different from those in normal pregnant women. No association was found between the presence of a sexually transmitted disease and habitual abortion [odds ratio = 0.9]. No positive case of syphilis was diagnosed using VDRL and TPHA tests. There was a significant relation between the presence of a sexually transmitted disease and the presence of vaginal discharge, vaginal pH > 4.5 and the frequency of sexual activity/week > 2

Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Trachyspermum ammi (L.) Sprague Essential Oil and Its Active Constituent, Thymol, against Vaginal Pathogens

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mozhgan MehriArdestani ◽  
Atousa Aliahmadi ◽  
Tayebeh Toliat ◽  
Abdolhossein Dalimi ◽  
Zohreh Momeni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Active Constituent ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Vaginal Infections ◽  
Trachyspermum Ammi ◽  
Conventional Antibiotics

Vaginal infections are one of the major reasons women visit a gynecologist. Increased resistance to conventional antibiotics is one of the main factors mitigating the development of new antimicrobial agents, especially those of natural origin. In traditional Persian medicine, Trachyspermum ammi has been claimed to clear vagina from excessive discharge. Therefore, in this study, the antimicrobial activity of Ajwain essential oil was evaluated against some vaginal pathogens. The essential oil of ajwain was picked up and the minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations (MIC and MBC) were revealed. The most frequently detected microorganisms involved in genital infections including Candida spp., Gardnerella vaginalis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae and Lactobacillus acidophilus were considered. Evaluation of the essential oil of Trichomonas vaginalis was done by calculation of percent of growth inhibition. The essential oil showed a remarkable activity against the studied bacteria and fungi with MIC at a range of 0.0315 - 0.5 mg/ml and MBC at a range of 0.125 - 4 mg /ml. The highest inhibition and bactericidal activity was observed in S. agalactiae and G. vaginalis. 100% inhibition of T. vaginalis growth was shown at a concentration of 2000 μg/ml after 48 h by essential oil. The antimicrobial activity of the essential oil was more than that of thymol. Supposedly essential oil of Trachyspermum ammi fruit could inhibit vaginal pathogens growth .Further preclinical and clinical studies are required to confirm the efficacy of this natural agent in vaginitis.

Validation of an immunologic diagnostic kit for infectious vaginitis by Trichomonas vaginalis, Candida spp., and Gardnerella vaginalis

2009 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arsenio Betancourt Bravo ◽  
Lilian Sánchez Miranda ◽  
Octavio Fernández Lima ◽  
Alexandra Villoch Cambas ◽  
Maite Lorenzo Hernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Candida Spp

scholarly journals Associação entre Vaginose Bacteriana e Anormalidades Citológicas nos Exames Citopatológicos Analisados em um Laboratório Escola de Goiânia-GO

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelly Ribeiro Barbosa ◽  
Denes Santos Rodrigues ◽  
Luiz Henrique Alves Ferreira ◽  
Leonardo Luiz Borges ◽  
Andrea Alves Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Squamous Cells ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesion ◽  
Version 2.0 ◽  
Undetermined Significance

Introdução: A Gardnerella vaginalis facilita a infecção pelo papilomavírus humano (HPV). Objetivo: Verificar a associação entre anormalidades citológicas e presença de Gardnerella vaginalis nos esfregaços cervicovaginais encaminhados ao Laboratório Clínico da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás (LAC/PUC Goiás) estratificadas por faixa etária. Método: Estudo transversal realizado no LAC/ PUC Goiás entre janeiro de 2013 a dezembro de 2015. Para análises estatísticas, a variável idade foi categorizada em ≤39 anos e >40 anos, utilizando o programa IBM SPSS Statistics (Version 2.0, 2011®) para o teste de qui-quadrado (X²), com intervalo de confiança de 95% e valor p<0,05. Resultados: Foram analisados 4.558 exames citopatológicos, a maioria com presença de Lactobacillus spp. (46,97%). A prevalência dos agentes patogênicos foi a Gardnerella vaginalis (79,6%), seguida de Candida spp. (16,8%), Trichomonas vaginalis (2,2%), Herpes simplex (0,4 %) e Chlamydia trachomatis (0,1%). As anormalidades citológicas foram observadas em 9,1%, sendo atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) 2,57%, low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) 1,78%, atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance cannot exclude high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (ASC-H) 3,52%, high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) 1,08%, atypical endocervical cells, favor neoplastic (AGC-NEO) 0,22% e carcinoma 0,02%. Houve uma associação significante entre anormalidades citológicas graves e mulheres ≥40 anos, OR 3,01 (IC 95% 2,0-4,58) (p<0,0001). Mulheres ≤40 anos mostraram significância à presença de Gardnerella vaginalis (p<0,0004). Conclusão: Uma elevada prevalência de Gardnerella vaginalis foi encontrada associada com as anormalidades citológicas, principalmente em mulheres sexualmente ativas.

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