Role of Pharmacogenetics as Predictive Biomarkers of Response and/or Toxicity in the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shriya Bhushan ◽  
Howard McLeod ◽  
Christine M. Walko
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers

scholarly journals Are All Anti-Angiogenic Drugs the Same in the Treatment of Second-Line Metastatic Colorectal Cancer? Expert Opinion on Clinical Practice

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonora Lai ◽  
Stefano Cascinu ◽  
Mario Scartozzi
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Metastatic Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Second Line ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Targeting tumor-driven angiogenesis is an effective strategy in the management of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC); however, the choice of second-line therapy is complicated by the availability of several drugs, the occurrence of resistance and the lack of validated prognostic and predictive biomarkers. This review examines the use of angiogenesis-targeted therapies for the second-line management of mCRC patients. Mechanisms of resistance and anti-placental growth factor agents are discussed, and the role of aflibercept, a recombinant fusion protein consisting of portions of human vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)-1 and VEGFR-2, is highlighted. The novel mechanism of action of aflibercept makes it a useful second-line agent in mCRC patients progressing after oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy, as well as in those with resistance after bevacizumab.

Synergistic role of Caspase-8 and Caspase-3 expressions: Prognostic and predictive biomarkers in colorectal cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 899-908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Yao ◽  
Weimin Wang ◽  
Jun Jin ◽  
Ke Min ◽  
Jian Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Caspase 8

scholarly journals The Emerging Role of Checkpoint Inhibition in Microsatellite Stable Colorectal Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Hermel ◽  
Darren Sigal
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitor ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Inhibitor Therapy ◽  
Immunomodulatory Agents ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy ◽  
Microsatellite Stability

Checkpoint inhibitor therapy has introduced a revolution in contemporary anticancer therapy. It has led to dramatic improvements in patient outcomes and has spawned tremendous research into novel immunomodulatory agents and combination therapy that has changed the trajectory of cancer care. However, clinical benefit in patients with colorectal cancer has been generally limited to tumors with loss of mismatch repair function and those with specific germline mutations in the DNA polymerase gene. Unfortunately, tumors with these specific mutator phenotypes are in the minority. Recent pre-clinical and clinical studies have begun to reveal encouraging results suggesting that checkpoint inhibitor therapy can be expanded to an increasing number of colorectal tumors with microsatellite stability and the absence of traditional predictive biomarkers of checkpoint inhibitor response. These studies generally rely on combinations of checkpoint inhibitors with chemotherapy, molecular targeted therapy, radiation therapy, or other novel immunomodulatory agents. This article will review the most current data in microsatellite stable colorectal cancer.

scholarly journals Gut Microbiome: A Promising Biomarker for Immunotherapy in Colorectal Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (17) ◽  
pp. 4155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally Temraz ◽  
Farah Nassar ◽  
Rihab Nasr ◽  
Maya Charafeddine ◽  
Deborah Mukherji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Bacterial Invasion ◽  
Host Immune System ◽  
T Cell Stimulation

Research has been driven towards finding therapy predictive biomarkers for colorectal cancer (CRC) with a special interest in studying the gut microbiome. Gut microbiome acts not only as a barrier to prevent bacterial invasion and infection, but it also affects the efficacy of hematopoietic-cell transplantation, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. Recently, immunotherapy, which potentiates the host immune system, has revolutionized cancer therapy in general and CRC treatment specifically by increasing the quality of life and the survival of a subset of patients with this disease. In immunotherapy, the gut microbiome plays an important role in cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) blockade, programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-L1) mediation, and T cell stimulation. As such, this review will cover the role of gut microbiome in CRC, summarize approved immunotherapy treatments for CRC, and focus on the potential use of gut microbiome as a biomarker for immunotherapy.

Synergistic role of Cul1 and c-Myc: Prognostic and predictive biomarkers in colorectal cancer

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 245-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weimin Wang ◽  
Jianliang Deng ◽  
Qianqian Wang ◽  
Qiang Yao ◽  
Wenjiao Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers

scholarly journals Current and New Predictors for Treatment Response in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. The Role of Circulating miRNAs as Biomarkers

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 2089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Gherman ◽  
Loredana Balacescu ◽  
Sinziana Gheorghe-Cetean ◽  
Catalin Vlad ◽  
Ovidiu Balacescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Treatment Response ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Circulating Mirnas ◽  
Circulating Micrornas ◽  
Related Disease ◽  
Systemic Treatments ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Comprehensive Search

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most frequently diagnosed cancer in the world. More than half of all CRC patients will eventually develop metastases and require treatment accordingly, but few validated predictive factors for response to systemic treatments exist. In order to ascertain which patients benefit from specific treatments, there is a strong need for new and reliable biomarkers. We conducted a comprehensive search using the PUBMED database, up to December 2019, in order to identify relevant studies on predictive biomarkers for treatment response in metastatic CRC. We will herein present the currently used and potential biomarkers for treatment response and bring up-to-date knowledge on the role of circulating microRNAs, associated with chemotherapy and targeted therapy regimens used in metastatic CRC treatment. Molecular, tumor-related, disease-related, clinical, and laboratory predictive markers for treatment response were identified, mostly proposed, with few validated. Several circulating microRNAs have already proven their role of prediction for treatment response in CRC, but future clinical studies are needed to confirm their role as biomarkers across large cohorts of patients.

scholarly journals Antiepidermal Growth Factor Receptor Monoclonal Antibodies: Applications in Colorectal Cancer

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efat Azizi ◽  
Adam Kittai ◽  
Peter Kozuch
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Metastatic Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Kras Mutation ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Wild Type

Patients with metastatic colorectal cancer have a poor prognosis and present a challenge to clinicians. The role of the antiepidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway in tumorogenesis and tumor progression has been well defined. This paper will review the use of anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies in the treatment of operable, as well as metastatic colorectal cancer both in the setting of KRAS mutation unselected patients and later in KRAS wild-type patients. Active investigations designed to further identify predictive biomarkers that may be potentially druggable are reviewed as well.

The Contemporary Role of Resection and Ablation in Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases

2020 ◽  
Vol 04 (03) ◽  
pp. 291-302
Author(s):  
Mariam F. Eskander ◽  
Christopher T. Aquina ◽  
Aslam Ejaz ◽  
Timothy M. Pawlik
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Portal Vein ◽  
Surgical Oncology ◽  
Portal Vein Ligation ◽  
Safe Alternative ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases ◽  
Liver Remnant ◽  
New Era ◽  
Ablation Therapy

AbstractAdvances in the field of surgical oncology have turned metastatic colorectal cancer of the liver from a lethal disease to a chronic disease and have ushered in a new era of multimodal therapy for this challenging illness. A better understanding of tumor behavior and more effective systemic therapy have led to the increased use of neoadjuvant therapy. Surgical resection remains the gold standard for treatment but without the size, distribution, and margin restrictions of the past. Lesions are considered resectable if they can safely be removed with tumor-free margins and a sufficient liver remnant. Minimally invasive liver resections are a safe alternative to open surgery and may offer some advantages. Techniques such as portal vein embolization, association of liver partition with portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy, and radioembolization can be used to grow the liver remnant and allow for resection. If resection is not possible, nonresectional ablation therapy, including radiofrequency and microwave ablation, can be performed alone or in conjunction with resection. This article presents the most up-to-date literature on resection and ablation, with a discussion of current controversies and future directions.

The Critical Role of the miR-21-MEG2 Axis in Colorectal Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 509-518
Author(s):  
Zengtao Bao ◽  
Shanting Gao ◽  
Baoming Zhang ◽  
Wenchao Shi ◽  
Aimin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Critical Role

THE ROLE OF RADIATION METHODS IN DIAGNOSIS AND STAGING OF COLORECTAL CANCER

2018 ◽  
pp. 93-102
Author(s):  
V. A. Solodkiy ◽  
N. V. Nudnov ◽  
V. D. Chhikvadze ◽  
U. S. Stanojevich ◽  
N. I. Sergeev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer
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