Directed Assembly of Elastin-like Proteins into defined Supramolecular Structures and Cargo Encapsulation In Vitro

10.3791/60935 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Schreiber ◽  
Lara G. Stühn ◽  
Süreyya E. Geissinger ◽  
Matthias C. Huber ◽  
Stefan M. Schiller
Keyword(s):  
Directed Assembly ◽  
Supramolecular Structures

In vitro labeling of proteins by reductive methylation: Application to proteins involved in supramolecular structures

1982 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. Heacock ◽  
B. W. Bernstein ◽  
A. S. Duhaiman ◽  
D. A. Amorese ◽  
J. R. Bamburg
Keyword(s):  
Supramolecular Structures ◽  
Reductive Methylation

scholarly journals Sound attenuation of polymerizing actin reflects supramolecular structures: viscoelastic properties of actin gels modified by cytochalasin D, profilin and α-actinin

2001 ◽  
Vol 355 (3) ◽  
pp. 771-778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver WAGNER ◽  
Herwig SCHÜLER ◽  
Peter HOFMANN ◽  
David LANGER ◽  
Peter DANCKER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sound Velocity ◽  
Actin Filaments ◽  
Actin Polymerization ◽  
Cytochalasin D ◽  
Supramolecular Structures ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Acoustic Attenuation ◽  
Ultrasound Attenuation ◽  
Actin Concentration

Polymerization and depolymerization of cytoskeletal elements maintaining cytoplasmic stiffness are key factors in the control of cell crawling. Rheometry is a significant tool in determining the mechanical properties of the single elements in vitro. Viscoelasticity of gels formed by these polymers strongly depends on both the length and the associations of the filaments (e.g. entanglements, annealings and side-by-side associations). Ultrasound attenuation is related to viscosity, sound velocity and supramolecular structures in the sample. In combination with a small glass fibre (2mm×50µm), serving as a viscosity sensor, an acoustic microscope was used to measure the elasticity and acoustic attenuation of actin solutions. Changes in acoustic attenuation of polymerizing actin by far exceed the values expected from calculations based on changes in viscosity and sound velocity. During the lag-phase of actin polymerization, attenuation slightly decreases, depending on actin concentration. After the half-maximum viscosity is accomplished and elasticity turns into steady state, attenuation distinctly rises. Changes in ultrasound attenuation depend on actin concentration, and they are modulated by the addition of α-actinin, cytochalasin D and profilin. Thus absorption and scattering of sound on the polymerization of actin is related to the packing density of the actin net, entanglements and the length of the actin filaments. Shortening of actin filaments by cytochalasin D was also confirmed by electron micrographs and falling-ball viscosimetry. In addition to viscosity and elasticity, the attenuation of sound proved to be a valuable parameter in characterizing actin polymerization and the supramolecular associations of F-actin.

Biotin-directed assembly of targeted modular lipoplexes and their transfection of human hepatoma cells in vitro

Drug Delivery ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 426-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashika Singh ◽  
Mario Ariatti ◽  
Moganavelli Singh ◽  
Arthur Hawtrey ◽  
Richard Naidoo
Keyword(s):  
Directed Assembly ◽  
Hepatoma Cells ◽  
Human Hepatoma ◽  
Human Hepatoma Cells

scholarly journals Intron definition in splicing of small Drosophila introns.

1994 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 3434-3445 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Talerico ◽  
S M Berget
Keyword(s):  
Splice Site ◽  
Directed Assembly ◽  
Splice Sites ◽  
Rich Region ◽  
In Vitro Splicing ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Intron Definition ◽  
Moderate Length

Approximately half of the introns in Drosophila melanogaster are too small to function in a vertebrate and often lack the pyrimidine tract associated with vertebrate 3' splice sites. Here, we report the splicing and spliceosome assembly properties of two such introns: one with a pyrimidine-poor 3' splice site and one with a pyrimidine-rich 3' splice site. The pyrimidine-poor intron was absolutely dependent on its small size for in vivo and in vitro splicing and assembly. As such, it had properties reminiscent of those of yeast introns. The pyrimidine-rich intron had properties intermediate between those of yeasts and vertebrates. This 3' splice site directed assembly of ATP-dependent complexes when present as either an intron or exon and supported low levels of in vivo splicing of a moderate-length intron. We propose that splice sites can be recognized as pairs across either exons or introns, depending on which distance is shorter, and that a pyrimidine-rich region upstream of the 3' splice site facilitates the exon mode.

scholarly journals Intron definition in splicing of small Drosophila introns

1994 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 3434-3445
Author(s):  
M Talerico ◽  
S M Berget
Keyword(s):  
Splice Site ◽  
Directed Assembly ◽  
Splice Sites ◽  
Rich Region ◽  
In Vitro Splicing ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Intron Definition ◽  
Moderate Length

Approximately half of the introns in Drosophila melanogaster are too small to function in a vertebrate and often lack the pyrimidine tract associated with vertebrate 3' splice sites. Here, we report the splicing and spliceosome assembly properties of two such introns: one with a pyrimidine-poor 3' splice site and one with a pyrimidine-rich 3' splice site. The pyrimidine-poor intron was absolutely dependent on its small size for in vivo and in vitro splicing and assembly. As such, it had properties reminiscent of those of yeast introns. The pyrimidine-rich intron had properties intermediate between those of yeasts and vertebrates. This 3' splice site directed assembly of ATP-dependent complexes when present as either an intron or exon and supported low levels of in vivo splicing of a moderate-length intron. We propose that splice sites can be recognized as pairs across either exons or introns, depending on which distance is shorter, and that a pyrimidine-rich region upstream of the 3' splice site facilitates the exon mode.

Ultrastructural Investigations of the Contractile Filaments of Amoebae

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 188-189
Author(s):  
P.L. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Streaming ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Amoeboid Movement ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Chemical Conditions ◽  
Complete Interpretation

Previous freeze fracture results on the intact giant, amoeba Chaos carolinensis indicated the presence of a fibrillar arrangement of filaments within the cytoplasm. A complete interpretation of the three dimensional ultrastructure of these structures, and their possible role in amoeboid movement was not possible, since comparable results could not be obtained with conventional fixation of intact amoebae. Progress in interpreting the freeze fracture images of amoebae required a more thorough understanding of the different types of filaments present in amoebae, and of the ways in which they could be organized while remaining functional.The recent development of a calcium sensitive, demembranated, amoeboid model of Chaos carolinensis has made it possible to achieve a better understanding of such functional arrangements of amoeboid filaments. In these models the motility of demembranated cytoplasm can be controlled in vitro, and the chemical conditions necessary for contractility, and cytoplasmic streaming can be investigated. It is clear from these studies that “fibrils” exist in amoeboid models, and that they are capable of contracting along their length under conditions similar to those which cause contraction in vertebrate muscles.

In Vitro Induction of Crystals of MT Protein by Vinblastine-Colcemid in Mouse Spermatids

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 132-133
Author(s):  
John J. Wolosewick ◽  
John H. D. Bryan
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Nuclear Ring ◽  
Rough Er ◽  
Distal Direction ◽  
In Vitro Induction

Early in spermiogenesis the manchette is rapidly assembled in a distal direction from the nuclear-ring-densities. The association of vesicles of smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) and the manchette microtubules (MTS) has been reported. In the mouse, osmophilic densities at the distal ends of the manchette are the organizing centers (MTOCS), and are associated with the SER. Rapid MT assembly and the lack of rough ER suggests that there is an existing pool of MT protein. Colcemid potentiates the reaction of vinblastine with tubulin and was used in this investigation to detect this protein.

Induction and Differentiation of Dental Epithelium in Vivo and in Vitro

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 142-145
Author(s):  
E. J. Kollar
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Basal Lamina ◽  
Functional Derivatives ◽  
Specific Source ◽  
Dental Epithelium ◽  
Connective Tissue Stroma

The differentiation and maintenance of many specialized epithelial structures are dependent on the underlying connective tissue stroma and on an intact basal lamina. These requirements are especially stringent in the development and maintenance of the skin and oral mucosa. The keratinization patterns of thin or thick cornified layers as well as the appearance of specialized functional derivatives such as hair and teeth can be correlated with the specific source of stroma which supports these differentiated expressions.

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