scholarly journals A Gusseted Thermogradient Table to Control Soil Temperatures for Evaluating Plant Growth and Monitoring Soil Processes

10.3791/54647 ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory E. Welbaum ◽  
Osamah S. Khan ◽  
Nezar H. Samarah
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Processes ◽  
Control Soil ◽  
Soil Temperatures

scholarly journals Effect of different application forms of efficient microorganisms on the agricultural productive of two bean cultivars

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 8927-8935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Calero Hurtado ◽  
Yanery Pérez Díaz ◽  
Dilier Olivera Viciedo ◽  
Elieni Quintero Rodríguez ◽  
Kolima Peña Calzada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Control Soil ◽  
Soil Inoculation ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
The Common ◽  
Number Of Seeds

The use of Efficient Microorganisms (EM) can be an effective alternative to improve plant growth and yield in the bean cultivation. Therefore, different forms of application of efficient microorganisms were evaluated in the production of two cultivars of the common bean from November of 2013 to March of 2014. Two factors were studied; the first one was comprised of the two cultivars, Velazco Largo (VL) and Cuba Cueto (CC-25-9-N). The second factor consisted of four treatments with EM; without EM (control), soil inoculation (100 mL L-1), foliage applications (100 mL L-1), and the combined soil inoculation (100 mL L-1) plus foliar applications (100 mL L-1). The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design, in factorial outline 2×4, with three repetitions. The agronomic indicators were evaluated as the number of leaves per plant, the height of plants, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, the mass of 100 seeds (g) and the yield (t ha-1). The results showed that the different forms of application of efficient microorganisms stimulated the agronomic indicators evaluated in both crops. The associated applications between the inoculation of the soil and foliage applications of efficient microorganisms provided better results, producing increments in the yield of 1.13 t ha-1 in VL and 2.15 t ha-1 in CC-25-9-N.

Den ecology of the Arctic fox in northern Alaska

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Chesemore
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Arctic Fox ◽  
Soil Temperatures ◽  
Alaskan Arctic ◽  
Northern Alaska ◽  
Teshekpuk Lake

During July and August 1962, 50 Arctic fox dens were studied on The Teshekpuk Lake Section of the Alaskan Arctic Slope. Depth to permafrost and soil texture govern location of fox dens in low. ice-core mounds with a minimum mound height of 1 m necessary for the establishment of a successful den. Soil temperatures at den sites were higher than those in nearby non-den habitats. The presence of the fox den alters plant growth near the burrow, changing the typical tundra community into a lush, vigorous one dominated by grasses.

scholarly journals Post-fire changes in plant growth form composition in Andean páramo grassland

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya A. Zomer ◽  
Paul M. Ramsay
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Growth Form ◽  
Fire Suppression ◽  
Fire Regimes ◽  
Growth Forms ◽  
Vegetation Height ◽  
Plant Growth Form ◽  
Soil Temperatures ◽  
Three Phases

AbstractQuestionsFire suppression policies have been widely adopted in the páramo grasslands of the northern Andes to protect their biodiversity and ecosystem services. Páramos have been regularly burned for many years, and it is not clear how páramo vegetation will respond to significant changes in their fire regimes. This study investigates differences in plant growth form composition, light levels and soil temperatures in páramo plots representing a range of recovery times since the last fire.LocationReserva Ecológica El Ángel and La Bretaña Nature Reserve, Carchi, Northern Ecuador.MethodsWe assessed the frequency of ten páramo growth forms, vegetation height, soil temperature, and light intensity in fifteen fire sites with historical records of fire (<1 – 15 years since fire), and one recently unburned site (at least 40 years since fire). A chronosquence of sites was used to assess potential changes in plant community composition in post-fire succession of páramo.ResultsThe recovery of páramo vegetation after fire comprised three phases: initial recruitment with high growth form diversity, followed by reduced diversity, light and soil temperatures in dense tussock vegetation, and ultimately canopy height stratification with a return of diversity. All but one plant growth forms were represented in each of the three phases, and the changes reflected differences in relative abundance.ConclusionsPost-fire páramo succession is characterized by clear shifts in the relative abundance of plant growth forms, ending with (co-)dominance of upright shrubs. The long-term consequences of such shifts for biodiversity and ecosystem function, given the widespread adoption of fire suppression policies in the páramo need careful, evidence-based consideration.

Plant Growth and Soil Processes in Temperate Grassland Communities at Elevated CO 2

1995 ◽  
Vol 22 (2/3) ◽  
pp. 235 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. D. Newton ◽  
H. Clark ◽  
C. C. Bell ◽  
E. M. Glasgow ◽  
K. R. Tate ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Temperate Grassland ◽  
Soil Processes ◽  
Grassland Communities

scholarly journals Polyethylene Mulch, Diurnal and Seasonal Soil Temperatures, and Growth and Productivity of Strawberries in Southern California

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 505A-505
Author(s):  
Kirk D. Larson
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Southern California ◽  
Wave Length ◽  
Weed Suppression ◽  
Soil Warming ◽  
Soil Temperatures ◽  
Promote Plant Growth ◽  
Temperature And Growth ◽  
Fruit Harvest ◽  
Polyethylene Mulch

Southern California strawberry growers use clear polyethylene mulch to increase soil warming and promote plant growth and fruiting, but use of clear poly mulch is only feasible when effective preplant soil fumigation controls weeds. In the absence of methyl bromide fumigation, the use of wave-length selective (WLS) or black polyethylene bed mulches may be required for adequate weed suppression, but the influence of these materials on strawberry plant growth and productivity in southern California is not well-documented. We conducted experiments in 1994–95 and 1995–96 to determine the influence of various mulch formulations on soil temperature and growth and productivity of `Chandler' strawberry in Irvine, Calif. Clear poly and a green WLS material (IRT76, AEP Plastics) were compared in both trials; in addition, the 1995–96 trial included a brown WLS material (ALOR, PolyWest, Inc.) and a black poly mulch. For both trials, freshly dug runner plants were established in premulched beds in early October, and soil temperatures were continuously monitored at a 10-cm depth using thermocouples and a recording datalogger. Fruit harvest commenced in December and continued through June. In both years, clear poly mulch resulted in significantly greater soil temperatures, greater December plant diameters, and greater early and total fruit yields than other mulches. In both years, use of clear poly resulted in 12% greater fruit yields than the other three materials. No growth or productivity differences were observed among the WLS and black mulches, although differences were observed in mean soil temperatures.

Effect of Weed Control Methods Upon Soil Physical Properties and Plant Growth

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 521c-521
Author(s):  
Paul H. Henry ◽  
She-Kong Chong ◽  
Amy O'Leary
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Landscape Plants ◽  
Continuous Basis ◽  
Soil Temperatures ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Four Blocks

There has been speculation in trade journals that landscape fabrics, while doing a excellent job of weed control, may have a detrimental effect upon growth of landscape plants. A study is in progress to investigate the manner in which applied landscape fabric affects soil aeration, soil temperature, and water infiltration rate over a period of 18 months. The experimental design is a split-plot with main plots specified as composted or non-composted areas. Within each main plot, the design is a randomized complete-block with four blocks and four treatments per block (control, bark mulch, landscape fabric, landscape fabric + bark mulch). Each plot has been planted with herbaceous species so as to allow analysis of treatment effects upon plant growth. Re-dox potential is recorded weekly as a measure of soil oxygen status. Infiltration rate is measured biweekly, and soil temperatures within plots are monitored on a continuous basis. Preliminary results suggest that landscape fabrics limit oxygen exchange and that this may adversely affect plant growth. As the study progresses, an attempt will be made to contrast any adverse effects of landscape fabric with the obvious benefits offered by increased weed control.

Influence of soil temperature on the development of pea root rot

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 567-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. G. Benedict
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Control Soil ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Soil Temperatures ◽  
Pea Root Rot

Pisum sativum vars. Early June, Early Sweet, and Sweet were grown in five root-rot soils and a sterilized control soil maintained at 28°, 26°, 24°, 22°, 18°, 16°, 14°, and 10 °C. Light intensity, day length, and soil moisture were kept constant. Data were recorded from seeding to mature plant development on loss of seed weight, gain in plant weight and height, losses due to preemergence killing and postemergence wilting, lesioning on the subterranean part of the epicotyls, and the fungi and nematodes found associated with the diseased tissues. Results showed that soil temperature generally, with distinct exceptions, had a definite influence on the growth of the peas, according to varieties, in the root rot soils. One fungus predominated as the causal agent of root rot for each variety: Fusarium spp. for var. Early June, which was highly tolerant to root rot soil, and Rhizoctonia solani for Early Sweet and Sweet, which were later maturing varieties. Pythium spp. was also involved in the root rot. The number of seedlings lost as a result of preemergence killing showed greater variation in relation to pea variety and root-rot soil than soil temperature, but postemergence wilting was correlated more closely with soil temperature. The variety Early Sweet was so susceptible to root rot over a wide range of soil temperatures as to preclude its general use in pea-growing areas.

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