scholarly journals Advanced Experimental Methods for Low-temperature Magnetotransport Measurement of Novel Materials

10.3791/53506 ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph A. Hagmann ◽  
Son T. Le ◽  
Curt A. Richter ◽  
David G. Seiler
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Novel Materials ◽  
Magnetotransport Measurement

Thermal Expansion

1983 ◽  
pp. 75-132
Author(s):  
A. F. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Specific Heat ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Short Discussion ◽  
Thermal Expansion Data ◽  
Novel Materials ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Expansion Theory ◽  
Methods Of Measurement

Abstract Specific heat and thermal expansion are closely related. Following a discussion on thermal expansion theory, methods of measurement techniques are presented along with their advantages and disadvantages. The results of the measurements are then summarized for three classes of materials: metallics, nonmetallics, and composites. Because predicting thermal expansion values for unmeasured or novel materials is useful, the chapter also describes the means of making educated guesses for low-temperature values. A short discussion on how thermal expansion data can be used is followed by a section describing where such data can be found.

scholarly journals A review of working fluid mixtures for low temperature power cycles and their thermodynamic modeling

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-69
Author(s):  
Carlos Javier Noriega-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Phase Equilibrium ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Thermodynamic Modeling ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Power Cycles ◽  
Fluid Mixtures

This paper summarizes a bibliographic review of the main articles published in recent years in the power cycles area, with special emphasis on working fluid mixtures. Likewise, the most relevant theoretical fundaments for performing the mathematical modeling of this class of working fluids and, therefore, obtaining their thermodynamic properties, as well as the experimental methods used in the characterization of the phase equilibrium that allow obtaining the adjustment parameters are covered in this article.

Engine Friction—A Change in Emphasis

1988 ◽  
Vol 202 (4) ◽  
pp. 215-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
M L Monaghan
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Tribological Behaviour ◽  
Novel Materials ◽  
Design Changes ◽  
Engine Friction

This paper reviews the evaluation of experimental methods for determining friction in engines. The latest techniques permit the investigator to examine changes of tribological behaviour in the engine. The use of these newer methods to improve conventional engines by design changes and to facilitate the introduction of novel materials is discussed.

Magnetotransport measurement of (Ga,Mn)As epilayers with low-temperature annealing

2005 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 1004-1007
Author(s):  
H. Kato ◽  
K. Hamaya ◽  
Y. Kitamoto ◽  
T. Taniyama ◽  
H. Munekata
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature Annealing ◽  
Magnetotransport Measurement

Exsolution and inversion in pigeonite from the Whin Sill, Northern England

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 474-475
Author(s):  
P.P.K. Smith
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Homogeneous Nucleation ◽  
Silicate Mineral ◽  
Antiphase Boundaries ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Primitive Form ◽  
The Core ◽  
Nucleation Mechanisms ◽  
And Inversion

Grains of pigeonite, a calcium-poor silicate mineral of the pyroxene group, from the Whin Sill dolerite have been ion-thinned and examined by TEM. The pigeonite is strongly zoned chemically from the composition Wo8En64FS28 in the core to Wo13En34FS53 at the rim. Two phase transformations have occurred during the cooling of this pigeonite:- exsolution of augite, a more calcic pyroxene, and inversion of the pigeonite from the high- temperature C face-centred form to the low-temperature primitive form, with the formation of antiphase boundaries (APB's). Different sequences of these exsolution and inversion reactions, together with different nucleation mechanisms of the augite, have created three distinct microstructures depending on the position in the grain.In the core of the grains small platelets of augite about 0.02μm thick have farmed parallel to the (001) plane (Fig. 1). These are thought to have exsolved by homogeneous nucleation. Subsequently the inversion of the pigeonite has led to the creation of APB's.

Low temperature x-ray microanalysis of frozen-hydrated tobacco leaves

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 284-285
Author(s):  
S. Edith Taylor ◽  
Patrick Echlin ◽  
May McKoon ◽  
Thomas L. Hayes
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Lemna Minor ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Tobacco Leaves ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Whole Cells ◽  
Carbon Coated ◽  
The Right ◽  
Beam Currents ◽  
The University

Low temperature x-ray microanalysis (LTXM) of solid biological materials has been documented for Lemna minor L. root tips. This discussion will be limited to a demonstration of LTXM for measuring relative elemental distributions of P,S,Cl and K species within whole cells of tobacco leaves.Mature Wisconsin-38 tobacco was grown in the greenhouse at the University of California, Berkeley and picked daily from the mid-stalk position (leaf #9). The tissue was excised from the right of the mid rib and rapidly frozen in liquid nitrogen slush. It was then placed into an Amray biochamber and maintained at 103K. Fracture faces of the tissue were prepared and carbon-coated in the biochamber. The prepared sample was transferred from the biochamber to the Amray 1000A SEM equipped with a cold stage to maintain low temperatures at 103K. Analyses were performed using a tungsten source with accelerating voltages of 17.5 to 20 KV and beam currents from 1-2nA.

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