scholarly journals In Ovo Electroporation in Embryonic Chick Retina

10.3791/3792 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed M. Islam ◽  
Sung Tae Doh ◽  
Li Cai
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Chick ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
Chick Retina

Steroid control of the normal development of glutamine synthetase in the embryonic chick retina

Development ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 729-737
Author(s):  
R. Piddington
Keyword(s):  
Glutamine Synthetase ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Embryonic Chick ◽  
Normal Pattern ◽  
Organ Cultures ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
Chick Retina ◽  
Study Case

Glutamine synthetase (GS) activity in the neural retina of the chick embryo is inducible with corticosteroids (Moscona & Piddington, 1966; Piddington, 1967; Moscona, Saenz & Moscona, 1967; Moscona, Moscona & Saenz, 1968; Alescio & Moscona, 1969). Striking increases in retinal GS activity can be elicited with hydrocortisone in ovo days in advance of the normal rapid rise of this enzyme (Piddington & Moscona, 1967). Rapid increases in GS activity can also be induced precociously with corticosteroids in organ cultures of young retina (Piddington & Moscona, 1967; Reif-Lehrer & Amos, 1968). The natural steroids most effective in stimulating retinal GS activities in vitro are the 11ß-hydroxyl steroids hydrocortisone, corticosterone and aldosterone (Moscona & Piddington, 1967; Reif-Lehrer, 1968). The effectiveness of corticosteroids in promoting premature changes in retinal GS suggests that the steroidogenic activity of the intact adrenals might control the normal pattern of GS development in the retina. A previous study (Case, 1952) indicates that the normal growth and maturation of the chick adrenal becomes dependent on endogenous corticotropin after the 15th day of embryonic development.

scholarly journals Complement anaphylatoxin C3a is a potent inducer of embryonic chick retina regeneration

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy Haynes ◽  
Agustin Luz-Madrigal ◽  
Edimara S. Reis ◽  
Nancy P. Echeverri Ruiz ◽  
Erika Grajales-Esquivel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Chick ◽  
Potent Inducer ◽  
Retina Regeneration ◽  
Chick Retina ◽  
Anaphylatoxin C3a

Calcium channels and GABA receptors in the early embryonic chick retina

1993 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 1600-1614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masayuki Yamashita ◽  
Yutaka Fukuda
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Channels ◽  
Gaba Receptors ◽  
Embryonic Chick ◽  
Chick Retina

Pharmacological analysis of sympathetic function in the embryonic chick heart

1977 ◽  
Vol 232 (3) ◽  
pp. R116-R123
Author(s):  
N. G. Culver ◽  
D. A. Fischman
Keyword(s):  
Sympathetic Nerve ◽  
Sympathetic Innervation ◽  
Sympathetic Nerves ◽  
Nerve Function ◽  
Embryonic Chick ◽  
Neuronal Function ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
Sympathetic Function ◽  
Chick Heart ◽  
Embryonic Chick Heart

Sympathetic nerve cells enter the embryonic chick heart on the fifth day in ovo, but it is uncertain when these nerves become functional. Using pharmacological probes known to affect the embryonic circulation, sympathetic nerve function was examined at various stages of development. Exogenous norepinephrine elicited cardioacceleration in the hearts of embryos with intact extraembryonic circulation both before (stage 20-24) and after (stage 28-32) sympathetic innervation of the heart, and this acceleration could be inhibited by propranolol and practolol. In contrast, ganglionic stimulation with 1,1-dimethyl-4-phenylpiperazinium iodide (DMPP) elicited cardioacceleration only after stages 27-28 (i.e., after sympathetic innervation), producing a 25-30% increase in heart rate over the predrug levels of 148.7 +/- 1.8 beats/min. DMPP-elicited positive chronotropy was reduced by beta-receptor antagonists, hexamethonium, guanethidine (GuE), and tetrodotoxin. In preparations of the embryonic thorax in which the innervated heart was separated from brain and adrenal influences, DMPP elicited a GuE-sensitive cardioacceleration. It is concluded that during chick embryonic development, no more than a 1-day interval exists between the appearance of sympathetic nerves in the heart and the onset of neuronal function in that organ.

Elements of Tetrahydrobiopterin Biosynthesis in the Development of Embryonic Chick Retina.

1999 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-101
Author(s):  
E. Nir ◽  
V. Holdengreber ◽  
M. Vechoropoulos ◽  
Y. Ben-Shaul
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Chick ◽  
Chick Retina
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