Quantitative Methoden der Fusionskontrolle

2015 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
Martin Sauermann
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Merger Control ◽  
Quantitative Methoden ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Control Procedures ◽  
Merger Simulation

Seit einigen Jahren werden bei Fusionskontrollverfahren international verstärkt neue Methoden der quantitativen ökonomischen Analyse angewandt. Mit diesen Verfahren können neue Argumente Einzug in Fusionskontrollentscheidungen erhalten und traditionelle Ansätze der Fusionskontrolle bereichern. Dabei basieren die Verfahren verstärkt auf betriebs- und volkswirtschaftlichen Daten und Methoden. Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt daher diese neuen Methoden, den UPP-Test, den GUPPI-Test, den IPR-Test und Merger-Simulationsverfahren vor und erläutert ihre Eignung für Fusionskontrollentscheidungen. Dabei wird ein Vergleich der Verfahren hinsichtlich ihrer Einsetzbarkeit vorgenommen. Schließlich werden bisherige Anwendungsfälle vorgestellt. In recent years innovative quantitative methods were introduced in international merger control procedures, giving rise to a stronger focus on economic theory and managerial data. Therefore, in this article these new methods, the UPP-Test, the GUPPI-Test, the IPR-Test and merger simulations are discussed and evaluated. One particular focus of this analysis is the suitability of these tests given the restrictions of typical merger control procedures. Keywords: pricing pressure, merger simulation, diversion ratio

scholarly journals Merger Control Procedures and Institutions: A Comparison of EU and U.S. Practice

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. Kovacic ◽  
Petros C. Mavroidis ◽  
Damien J. Neven
Keyword(s):  
Merger Control ◽  
Control Procedures

scholarly journals New Methods for Analysis of Spatial Distribution and Coaggregation of Microbial Populations in Complex Biofilms

2013 ◽  
Vol 79 (19) ◽  
pp. 5978-5987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Almstrand ◽  
Holger Daims ◽  
Frank Persson ◽  
Fred Sörensson ◽  
Malte Hermansson
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Niche Differentiation ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Microbial Populations ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Nitrosomonas Oligotropha ◽  
Automated Tools ◽  
Sequential Fish

ABSTRACTIn biofilms, microbial activities form gradients of substrates and electron acceptors, creating a complex landscape of microhabitats, often resulting in structured localization of the microbial populations present. To understand the dynamic interplay between and within these populations, quantitative measurements and statistical analysis of their localization patterns within the biofilms are necessary, and adequate automated tools for such analyses are needed. We have designed and applied new methods for fluorescencein situhybridization (FISH) and digital image analysis of directionally dependent (anisotropic) multispecies biofilms. A sequential-FISH approach allowed multiple populations to be detected in a biofilm sample. This was combined with an automated tool for vertical-distribution analysis by generatingin silicobiofilm slices and the recently developed Inflate algorithm for coaggregation analysis of microbial populations in anisotropic biofilms. As a proof of principle, we show distinct stratification patterns of the ammonia oxidizersNitrosomonas oligotrophasubclusters I and II and the nitrite oxidizerNitrospirasublineage I in three different types of wastewater biofilms, suggesting niche differentiation between theN. oligotrophasubclusters, which could explain their coexistence in the same biofilms. Coaggregation analysis showed thatN. oligotrophasubcluster II aggregated closer toNitrospirathan didN. oligotrophasubcluster I in a pilot plant nitrifying trickling filter (NTF) and a moving-bed biofilm reactor (MBBR), but not in a full-scale NTF, indicating important ecophysiological differences between these phylogenetically closely related subclusters. By using high-resolution quantitative methods applicable to any multispecies biofilm in general, the ecological interactions of these complex ecosystems can be understood in more detail.

Developmental Dynamics in Real Time

2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-5
Author(s):  
Stephen W. Carmichael
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Migration Patterns ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Imaging Approach ◽  
Static Images ◽  
Embryologic Development ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Developmental Dynamics

Embryologic development is a dynamic process that has been previously studied by examining static (usually chemically-fixed) specimens at different time periods and then extrapolating results by assembling a series of static images. Recently, Amy McMahon, Willy Supatto, Scott Fraser, and Angelike Stathopoulos have developed new methods to look at developmental migration patterns in real time. They used an optimized imaging approach and quantitative methods to analyze a two hour period during which gastrulation occurred in the embryos of fruitflies (Drosophila). Specifically, they characterized the complex interactions between cells of the ectoderm and mesoderm by tracking the movements of over 1,500 cells, which involved the analysis of over 100,000 cell positions for each embryo!

scholarly journals Development of merger control procedures

2018 ◽  
pp. 50-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Gavrilov ◽  
K. S. Nagorskiy
Keyword(s):  
Merger Control ◽  
Antitrust Legislation ◽  
Control Procedures ◽  
Control Regime

In article authors present their analysis of key changes in antitrust legislation which are proposed today in sphere of merger control regime and share with their own view on these changes, including with comparison with foreign antirust legislation.

scholarly journals Exploring Research Methods in Language Learning-teaching Studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Vahid Nimehchisalem
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Informed Decisions ◽  
Teaching Research ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
The Common

Research methods offer authentic ways to elicit useful data based on which informed decisions can be made. With respect to their design and data collection or analysis, research methods are traditionally divided into qualitative and quantitative types, each with its strengths and weaknesses. In response to new theories and technological developments, new methods have evolved as extensions of qualitative or quantitative methods or as combinations of the two with promising features. This article presents an overview of the common methods used in language learning-teaching research.

scholarly journals The Portuguese judicial control in merger cases

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-132
Author(s):  
Marta Campos
Keyword(s):  
Merger Control ◽  
Control Procedure ◽  
Competition Authority ◽  
Judicial Control ◽  
Regulation And Supervision ◽  
Control Procedures

This text will analyze the type of judicial control carried out by the Competition, Regulation and Supervision Court in actions to challenge decisions made by the Competition Authority in merger control procedures, specifically the decision concerning the formal notice that the merger is not subject to the control procedure and decisions of merit of opposition and nonopposition simple or with commitments.

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