Large spot size and low-divergence angle operation of 917-nm edge-emitting semiconductor laser with an asymmetric waveguide structure

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 061401-61403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianxin Zhang Jianxin Zhang ◽  
Lei Liu Lei Liu ◽  
Wei Chen Wei Chen ◽  
Anjin Liu Anjin Liu ◽  
Wenjun Zhou Wenjun Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Semiconductor Laser ◽  
Spot Size ◽  
Waveguide Structure ◽  
Divergence Angle ◽  
Large Spot

Comparison of Sampling Techniques for In-Line Monitoring Using Raman Spectroscopy

2005 ◽  
Vol 59 (7) ◽  
pp. 934-941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Håkan Wikström ◽  
Ian R. Lewis ◽  
Lynne S. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Process Monitoring ◽  
Spot Size ◽  
Wet Granulation ◽  
Enhanced Sampling ◽  
Sampling Device ◽  
Large Spot ◽  
Unit Operations ◽  
Small Spot ◽  
Sampling Volume

Raman spectroscopy is currently of interest as a process monitoring tool for pharmaceutical unit operations. In this study, the performance characteristics of Raman spectrometers with different sampling optics have been investigated in the context of process monitoring, with emphasis being placed on assessing homogeneity in powder blends and following changes in solid-state form during wet granulation. A novel large spot non-contact Raman sampling device was compared with a traditional small spot size non-contact sampling device and an immersion probe. The large spot non-contact optics provided significant advantages over the standard systems both as a result of the enhanced sampling volume and because of the greater robustness of the system to fluctuations in the sampling distance during the wet granulation process.

The packaging of large spot-size optoelectronic devices

1997 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.V. Collins ◽  
I.F. Lealman ◽  
P.J. Fiddyment ◽  
A.R. Thurlow ◽  
C.W. Ford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optoelectronic Devices ◽  
Spot Size ◽  
Large Spot

1.3 µm large spot-size laser diodes with laterally tapered active layer

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (17) ◽  
pp. 1439-1440 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Fukano ◽  
Y. Sakai ◽  
K. Yokoyama ◽  
Y. Kadota ◽  
M. Ueki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Layer ◽  
Laser Diodes ◽  
Spot Size ◽  
Large Spot

scholarly journals Interactions between background matching and disruptive colouration: Experiments using human predators and virtual crabs

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 718-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter A. Todd ◽  
Huijia Phua ◽  
Kok Ben Toh
Keyword(s):  
Carcinus Maenas ◽  
Spot Size ◽  
The Body ◽  
Low Contrast ◽  
Large Spot ◽  
Background Matching ◽  
Effective Combination ◽  
Independent Replication ◽  
Context Dependent ◽  
High Degree

Abstract Interactions between disruptive colouration and the match between prey and background spot size were manipulated in two experiments that used time taken by human ‘predators’ to find artificial prey (virtual crab morphs) against heterogeneous backgrounds as a measure of the their camouflage. Experiment 1, in which the spots and their placement imitated the arrangement on the crab Carcinus maenas, tested whether high and low contrast spots touching the body outline (disruptive ‘edge’ morphs) made the artificial prey more difficult to detect than when the spots did not touch the outline (non-disruptive ‘inner’ morphs) against three different backgrounds: ‘small’, ‘middle’ and ‘large’ spot size. In Experiment 2, the range of spot sizes and their positions (‘edge’ and ‘inner’) on the crab morphs were varied to determine the most effective combination against the ‘middle’ background. Altogether, 640 volunteers participated in these computer trials, representing a high degree of independent replication. All patterned morphs were significantly harder to detect than plain morphs, indicating that possessing at least some degree of background matching can provide camouflage. Both experiments demonstrated that various morphs, though not having the same spot sizes as the background, had similar or better survivorship as those with matching spot sizes—indicating that optimal camouflage did not come from background matching alone. In Experiment 2, edge-disrupted morphs consistently took longer to find than their non-disruptive counterparts. The relative effects of edge disruption, contrast, and background/prey spot size are clearly context-dependent, highlighting the complexity of prey concealment.

Unbalanced facet output power and large spot size in 1.3 [micro sign]m tapered active stripe lasers

1997 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 781 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.S. Cho ◽  
K.H. Park ◽  
J.K. Lee ◽  
D.H. Jang ◽  
J.S. Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Spot Size ◽  
Large Spot ◽  
Active Stripe
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