scholarly journals Prevalence and Pattern of Skin Disorders among Human Immuno Deficiency Virus (HIV) Infected Children in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital (AKTH) Kano, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-205
Author(s):  
Yahya Aishatu Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Skin Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infectious Disease Clinic ◽  
Disease Clinic ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Inflammatory Skin

Introduction: In HIV infected children, skin disorders are important as they serve as clue to diagnosis of the HIV disease. The Skin is one of the early systems affected by HIV/AIDS, which can affect almost all organs and systems in the body. Prevalence of skin disorders among HIV infected children is up to 90% in some studies. Objective: To determine the prevalence of skin disorders among HIV infected children attending paediatric infectious disease clinic in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital Kano, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of skin manifestations among HIV infected children attending paediatric infectious disease clinic of Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria. A total of 223 HIV infected participants aged 6weeks to14 years were recruited for this study. Results: The prevalence of skin disorders among HIV infected children was 78.0%. The leading categories were infections and infestations accounting for 55.1% then inflammatory skin disorders (20.6%) Dermatophytoses were the commonest specific skin disorders observed. Conclusion: Therefore, the prevalence of skin disorder among HIV infected children in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital is high (78%). Infections and infestations were the commonest category found followed by inflammatory skin disorders.

scholarly journals Injury characteristics of Indonesian para-athletes prior to Tokyo Olympics 2020: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 679-690
Author(s):  
Yulingga Nanda Hanief ◽  
Prisca Widiawati ◽  
Supriatna Supriatna ◽  
Ahmad Abdullah ◽  
Sri Sumartiningsih
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Professional Literature ◽  
National Team ◽  
Injury Management ◽  
Injury Characteristics ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Subject

BACKGROUND: Sports for people with disabilities and injuries have been the subject of discourse in the professional literature in the fields of traumatology and sports medicine. OBJECTIVE: This research aims to elucidate the injury characteristics of athletes in the Indonesian national team. The subject of this study were nine athletes (male=5, female=4) with males around the age of 28±9.13 and females 28±5.66 years. METHOD: The method approach is descriptive with a cross-sectional study technique using a questionnaire about injury history, types of injury, injury factors, and injury management for Indonesian Para Athletics Athletes who have competed in the 2020 Tokyo Olympics. Data analysis is depicted in numbers and percentages and Fisher's exact test to determine the relationship between variables. RESULTS: The study results reported that Indonesian athletes suffered injuries of the lower limbs (70%), part of the body that is frequently injured was the thigh (28%) and the type of injury that was often experienced sprain/twist. CONCLUSION: The injury characteristics in the sprint (track) category form a pattern of injuries to the thigh, Achilles tendon, ankle, and knee. There appears to be no correlation between gender, training frequency, injury share, match number, and warm-up type. The implication is that injury management is necessary before and during competition by considering biomechanics, pathophysiology, and psychosocial problems. Injury prevention strategies by coaches and medical teams should lead to more significant injury reduction and optimize athletes' health, safety, and well-being.

scholarly journals Regulation of Biochemical Markers by Soymilk and Physical Exercise on Obese Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-76
Author(s):  
M. B. S. Dandji ◽  
F. N. Zambou
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Standard Group ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Treatment Of Obesity ◽  
Animal House ◽  
The University ◽  
Lipid Parameters

Background: Obesity is an excess of body fat that cause cardiovascular risk and it prevalence in Cameroon among adults is high. Aims: This study took place in the animal house of the Department of Biochemistry of the University of Dschang between June 2020 and February 2021 and the purpose was to evaluate the effect of the association of soymilk, diet and swimming in the prevention and treatment of obesity. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 80 rats of 21 days old divided into 6 groups. Thus, we calculate Lee index every two weeks, blood glucose measure and lipid parameters have been dosed in blood sera conserved at -20°C after extraction. Results: It appears that the high amount of lipid in hyperlipidic diet induces obesity in these rats after 45 days of treatment. This is shown by the body weight gained by hyperlipidic males and females (242.66 ±6.35g and 224.39 ±7.52g), which was significantly higher than that of the standard group (203.06 ±4.9g and 186.31 ±4.04g). This is also indicated in the hyperlipidic males with a Lee index of 301.38 ±0.495, which was significantly higher compared to standard males (296.33 ±1.977). The total cholesterol which was higher in the hyperlipidic subjects decreases significantly after treatment of 3.4 % and 26.8 % respectively at 30 and 60 days. Consequently, the other lipid parameters such as HDLc, LDLc and atherosclerosis index become normal within the duration of treatment. Conclusion: The study results reveal that obesity was significantly prevalent mostly in males. Soymilk with its richness in phytosterols, coupled with swimming a priority source of fat dissipation, can be used efficiently to fight and prevent obesity and its consequences.

scholarly journals Assessment of COVID-19 Management at Saidu Group of Teaching Hospital Swat: Analytical Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-106
Author(s):  
Akhtar Ali Khan ◽  
Anwar Ali ◽  
Hussan Zeb ◽  
Bakht Rahman ◽  
Ijaz Arif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Study Results

Background: This research aimed to assess the current care management processes for COVID-19 and determine patient outcomes. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted at Saidu group of teaching hospital, a tertiary care hospital with more than a thousand-bed capacity. The target population was all patients admitted to the corona isolation ward and the hospital's critical unit. All the patients admitted through the emergency and inpatient department with Positive PCR, and respiratory symptoms were included in the study. Results: In total, data of 151 patients were collected. Of these, 90 (59.6%) were male and 61 (40.4%) were female with a mean age of 59.17±13.79. The most common presenting symptoms were difficulty in breathing (n=147, 97.4%) and dry cough (n=104, 68.9%), followed by aches and pain (n=71, 47%) and fever (n=60, 39.7%). Most of the patients had an underlying health condition (n=96, 63.6%). The most common underlying conditions were hypertension (n=65, 43%) and diabetes (n=56, 37.1%). The mean time for the hospital stay was 11.68±15.31. About 64% of the patients recovered with the treatment and care protocols (n=97, 64.2%), while the remaining (n=54, 35.8%) died. Conclusion: This study provides an overview of the clinical presentation and treatment protocol for COVID-19. Most of the patients received supportive treatment comprising of antivirals, steroids, and oxygen therapy. However, the mortality rate was low compared to other hospitals across the country.

scholarly journals Prescribers Perception on Drug Promotional Literatures in A Tertiary Care Hospital in Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Pravin Prasad ◽  
Anish Mudvari ◽  
Rakesh Ghimire ◽  
Naresh Karki ◽  
Dipendra Yadav ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clinical Exposure ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Ethical Criteria ◽  
Types Of Information

Background: Drug promotional literatures can often be misleading and have biased information and can contribute to irrational use of medicines. Thus, it is necessary that prescribers critically analyze the drug promotional literatures presented to them. This study attempts to understand if the prescribers at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital are aware about the necessary information that should be present in a drug promotional literature.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted over six months in which prescribers at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital were provided with the self-administered questionnaire and were requested to submit the filled in questionnaire. Prescribers presently working at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, attending out patient department services and had received drug promotional literatures within last six months were included in this study. Results: During the study, 163 of the received questionnaires met the inclusion criteria and were utilized for analysis. Advertisement, reminder items and others type of drug promotional literatures were commonly received by prescribers included in our study. Higher proportion of faculties (35.29%) preferred reprint type of drug promotional literatures. Most of the participants (47.85%) searched for 5-8 WHO-Ethical Criteria for Medicinal Drug Promotion criteria when referring a drug promotional literature. It was seen that 42.94% of prescribers realised that at least two out of four types of information related to negative attribute of the promoted medicines were missing.Conclusions: The prescribers with least duration of clinical exposure are more likely to always prescribe the medicines promoted to them. Prescribers were more confident on claims made in drug promotional literatures if they were supported using scientific evidences.Keywords: Drug promotional literatures; prescriber perception;WHO-ECMDP

scholarly journals Knowledge and Practices of Mothers about Diarrhea in Children Under Three Years Old in Heevi Pediatric Teaching Hospital in Duhok City

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
Omed S. Saadallah ◽  
Gulistan A. Saido
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Nurse Educators ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fluid Loss ◽  
Severe Dehydration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Children Under 5

Background and Objectives: Diarrheal disease is the second important reason of death in children under 5 years old and is responsible for killing around 760,000 children every year. Diarrhea can last for several days and it can leave the body without the water and salts that are necessary for survival. Most people who die from diarrhea actually die from severe dehydration and fluid loss. The aim of this study is to assess the relationship between mother’s knowledge and their practice about diarrhea in children <3 years old. Research Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 50 children with diarrheal episodes attending inpatient word. A set of questionnaires from previous studies was adopted and modified to assess the relationship between mother’s knowledge and their practice about diarrhea in children less than 3 years old in Heevi Pediatric Teaching Hospital in Duhok City. Results: More than half of participants (68%) had poor knowledge, though; the 32% had good knowledge. In terms of mother’s practice, most of the participants (64%) had poor mother practice; whereas, only 36% were good mother practice. However, there was a negative correlation between mother knowledge and mother practice (P ≤ 0.001). Conclusions: The findings of the study indicate that due to lack of knowledge and poor practice about management of diarrhea the children were suffering from many complications. Relevance to clinical practice: Nurse educators have a significant role in providing health education to mothers about diarrhea in children.

scholarly journals HEPATITIS C VIRUS (HCV) INFECTION

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 1403-1408
Author(s):  
Aiza Sajjad ◽  
Shahnawaz Gardezi ◽  
Fatima Mukhtar ◽  
Amna Anjum ◽  
Qiarush Saeed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Safe Sex ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Continuous Variable ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Ethical Review ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results

Background: With a high magnitude of hepatitis C in the country and theburden still rising it was imperative to assess the knowledge of HCV infected individuals, whichwould determine the further spread of the disease or otherwise based on the adoption of goodpractices by these patients. Objectives: To evaluate the knowledge and practice regardingHCV in Hepatitis C patients presenting at Ghurki Trust Teaching Hospital, Lahore and toformulate recommendations based on study results to improve knowledge about hepatitisC. Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Setting: Ghurki Trust Teaching Hospital(GTTH), Lahore. Period: January to May 2015. Methods: The patients of hepatitis C registeredat GTTH for treatment were included in the study after obtaining voluntary informed consentfrom the respondents and approval of the study from the institutional ethical review board. Theconvenience non-probability sampling technique was used to recruit 169 study participants.A pre-tested structured questionnaire was used to collect information, which was recordedand analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences version 21.0. Data is describedin the form of frequencies and percentages for categorical variables and mean and standarddeviation for continuous variable. Results: Of the 169 HCV patients, 110(65%) had heard ofhepatitis C before acquiring it, the popular source of information regarding HCV was identifiedas relatives by 67(39.8%) of the patients. 70(41.4%) of the respondents were aware of a virusbeing the cause of hepatitis C, 140(82.8%) knew that HCV can be spread through sharinginjecting equipment, nearly half the respondents 87(51.5%) had asked their family membersto get tested for HCV and 68(40.2%) patients practiced safe sex. Conclusion: Majority of therespondents had heard of HCV before acquiring the disease. A large proportion of patients wereaware of the disease being spread through sharing injecting equipment. Half of the patients hadtheir family members tested for HCV. But less than half practiced safe sex.

scholarly journals A comparative cross sectional study on relationship between thyroid profile and anthropometric measurements

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 239
Author(s):  
Raghavendra Bhat ◽  
Prakash Rao Katta Subraya ◽  
Ramachandra Bhat C.
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Waist Hip Ratio ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Tsh Levels

Background: The prevalence of obesity is increasing globally and one of the important factors associated with obesity is thought to be thyroid dysfunction. The objective of the present study was to find the incidence of subclinical hypothyroidism in overweight and obese individuals and to assess the relationship between the TSH levels and anthropometric parameters.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 100 adults attending the hospital selected by a systematic random sampling method. Standard protocols were used to assess the laboratory and anthropometric parameters. Written informed consent was taken from the subjects and institutional ethical clearance was obtained before starting the study.  Results: Of the 42% males and 58% females who were studied, 24% of the subjects had a BMI more than 24.99. 6% and 2% of the study subjects were having subclinical hypothyroidism and hypothyroidism respectively. There was a significant association between hypothyroidism and increased BMI values, waist circumference and waist hip ratio. Conclusions: A highly significant association was found between the serum TSH levels and the Body Mass Index, Waist circumference and Waist Hip ratio. The mean TSH levels were higher in the obese  when compared to normal subjects.

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