scholarly journals Harm’s Way: An Approach to Change and Continuity in Prehistoric Combat

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-116
Author(s):  
Christian Horn
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Micro Scale ◽  
Wear Analysis ◽  
Use Wear ◽  
The Way

Warfare has been recognized as an important factor in past societies, but the way it contributes to change is still not very well understood. When it comes to an- cient war, archaeology faces a problem: we are rarely able to address the intentions behind wars. This article seeks to take a look at the micro-scale of warfare and address what, and how, it contributed to change. To achieve this it was necessary to take a close-up look at combat, weapons and fighters as elementary parts of warfare. The use-wear analysis of 208 Early Nor- dic Bronze Age spears and swords, and 15 Late Neo- lithic halberds will be used as a case study to address several problems: 1. the (non-) functionality of early weaponry; 2. the conduct of combat; 3. the relation between weapons, fighters and combat. A hypothesis will be formulated in order to understand combat in terms of communication as a mediator between dif- ferent agents of warfare.

From Texts and Iconography to Use-Wear Analysis of Ceramic Vessels

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-210
Author(s):  
Bartłomiej Lis ◽  
Trevor Van Damme
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Bronze Age ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Wear Analysis ◽  
Use Wear ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Ceramic Vessels ◽  
Repeated Use ◽  
Funerary Rites

While handwashing is attested in the Bronze Age cultures of the eastern Mediterranean and appears in both Linear B records and Homeric epics, the custom has not been discussed with regard to the material culture of Mycenaean Greece. On analogy with Egyptian handwashing equipment, we explore the possibility that a conical bowl made of bronze and copied in clay was introduced in Greece early in the Late Bronze Age for this specific use. We integrate epigraphic, iconographic and formal analyses to support this claim, but in order to interrogate the quotidian function of ceramic lekanes, we present the results of use-wear analysis performed on 130 examples. As use-wear develops from repeated use over a long time, it is a good indicator of normative behaviour, particularly when large datasets are amassed and contrasted with other shapes. While not conclusive, our results allow us to rule out a function as tableware for food consumption, and in combination with all other analyses support the interpretation of lekanes as handwashing basins. We then trace the development of this custom from its initial adoption by elite groups to its spread among new social classes and venues after the collapse of the palace system: at home, as part of communal feasting and sacrifice or as an element of funerary rites. The widespread distribution of handwashing equipment after 1200 bc closely mirrors the situation in our earliest surviving Greek Iron Age texts and joins a growing body of evidence pointing to strong continuity in social practices between the Postpalatial period and the early Iron Age in Greece.

The Use and Significance of Socketed Axes During the Late Bronze Age

2003 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Roberts ◽  
Barbara S. Ottaway
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Experimental Work ◽  
Contextual Information ◽  
Late Bronze Age ◽  
Parallel Development ◽  
Wear Analysis ◽  
Use Wear

The widespread employment and acceptance of use-wear analysis on materials such as flint and bone has not been accompanied by a parallel development in archaeometallurgy. This article explores its potential and problems through the investigation of socketed axes in eastern Yorkshire, in England and south-east Scotland during the late Bronze Age. Experimental work on modern replications of socketed axes was compared with wear traces on prehistoric socketed axes. The results indicate that prehistoric socketed axes had been used as multi-purpose tools, but that the nature and extent of their uses before deposition varied considerably. By combining use-wear analysis with contextual information on socketed axes in the late Bronze Age landscape, ideas concerning their significance can be explored.

scholarly journals Recycling in the Neolithic and Early Bronze Age: evidence of flint recycling at Ein-Zippori, Israel

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoni Parush ◽  
Richard Yerkes ◽  
Bar Efrati ◽  
Ran Barkai ◽  
Gopher Avi
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Late Neolithic ◽  
Separate Paper ◽  
Lithic Assemblages ◽  
Wear Analysis ◽  
Use Wear

This paper presents a new techno-typological analysis of a sample of small flakes that were produced through recycling from discarded blanks at the Late Neolithic and Early Bronze Age site of Ein-Zippori, Lower Galilee, Israel. This study shows that the systematic production of small flakes from previously discarded blanks was not related to a scarcity in raw materials, but rather to specific decisions concerning the types of tools needed to complete necessary tasks. These results are supported by use-wear analysis noted briefly here and presented in more detail in a separate paper. The results indicate that recycling was a significant lithic production trajectory during the Late Neolithic and Early Bronze Age. Recycling also contributes to the variability in lithic assemblages from those cultural periods.

scholarly journals BONE TOOLS OF TANNING PRODUCTION OF TALDYSAY SETTLEMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
G.B. Sargizov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Leather Industry ◽  
Bone Tools ◽  
Leather Processing ◽  
Wear Analysis ◽  
Use Wear ◽  
Ancient People ◽  
The Bronze Age ◽  
Very High

The article describes the bone and antler industry in the Taldysay settlement. In the settlement of Taldysai many tools and products from the bones of cattle and small ruminants were found, and the purposes of their use were different. They were widely used in metalworking, ceramics processing, and leatherworking. In the late Bronze Age, there were many types of farms in the Taldysai settlements. In particular, leather processing was an important production of ancient people. The article describes the main types of bone tools used in the leather industry and the results of trasological research. The trasological (use wear analysis) analysis allowed the authors to distinguish and characterize the groups of the tools found in the settlement: puffins, polished astragals of small cattle, prosplitting, and scrapers. The general and specific features of each of the hand-made tools, their functions and applications. Considering the types of bone tools, we see that the method of leather processing by the Taldysai population in the Bronze Age consisted of several processes, and they produced leather goods of very high quality

Use-wear analysis of a specific mobile toolkit from the Middle Paleolithic site of Abric Romaní (Barcelona, Spain): a case study from level M

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Ignacio Martín-Viveros ◽  
Andreu Ollé ◽  
M. Gema Chacón ◽  
Francesca Romagnoli ◽  
Bruno Gómez de Soler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Paleolithic ◽  
Paleolithic Site ◽  
Wear Analysis ◽  
Use Wear ◽  
Abric Romaní

The Use and Significance of Early Bronze Age Stone Battle-axes and Axe-hammers from Northern Britain and the Isle of Man

2020 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. 237-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amber Sofia Roy
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Multiple Roles ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Isle Of Man ◽  
Analysis Methodology ◽  
Wear Analysis ◽  
Use Wear ◽  
The Status ◽  
Different Shapes

The perforated stone battle-axes and axe-hammers of Early Bronze Age Britain have been used either to interpret the status of individuals they were buried with or have been overlooked; this is especially the case with axe-hammers. Previous understandings have assumed battle-axes were purely ceremonial, while the rougher axe-hammers were neither functional nor prestigious, being too large and too crude to be prestige items. Studies of the 20th century were focused on creating a typology and understanding the manufacture and petrological sources of the stone, concluding that haphazard exploitation of stone was used to create a variety of different shapes of both implements. This paper revisits the question of how these artefacts were used. It presents the results of the first large-scale application of use-wear analysis to British Early Bronze Age battle-axes and axe-hammers, from northern Britain and the Isle of Man. Combining the results of the wear analysis with experimental archaeology and contextual analysis, it is argued that these objects were functional tools, some of which saw prolonged use that might have spanned multiple users. The evidence shows that the few implements found in burial contexts were both functional and symbolic; their inclusion in burial contexts drawing upon relational links which developed through the itineraries of these objects. It is also apparent that use and treatment were similar across all types of battle-axe and axe-hammer, with some regional variation in the deposition of axe-hammers in south-west Scotland. It is concluded that battle-axes and axe-hammers had varied and multiple roles and significances and that it is possible to discover what each artefact was used for by deploying a use-wear analysis methodology.

Development and regional planning within the decentralized administrative frame: case study (the Jordanian Experiment)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-72
Author(s):  
Mansour Safran
Keyword(s):  
Regional Planning ◽  
The Other ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Administrative Procedures ◽  
The Way

This aims to review and analyze the Jordanian experiment in the developmental regional planning field within the decentralized managerial methods, which is considered one of the primary basic provisions for applying and success of this kind of planning. The study shoed that Jordan has passed important steps in the way for implanting the decentralized administration, but these steps are still not enough to established the effective and active regional planning. The study reveled that there are many problems facing the decentralized regional planning in Jordan, despite of the clear goals that this planning is trying to achieve. These problems have resulted from the existing relationship between the decentralized administration process’ dimensions from one side, and between its levels which ranged from weak to medium decentralization from the other side, In spite of the official trends aiming at applying more of the decentralized administrative policies, still high portion of these procedures are theoretical, did not yet find a way to reality. Because any progress or success at the level of applying the decentralized administrative policies doubtless means greater effectiveness and influence on the development regional planning in life of the residents in the kingdom’s different regions. So, it is important to go a head in applying more steps and decentralized administrative procedures, gradually and continuously to guarantee the control over any negative effects that might result from Appling this kind of systems.   © 2018 JASET, International Scholars and Researchers Association

Investigating English Teacher Candidate’s Use of Instructional Media During the Teaching Practicum: A Case Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Ratih Ayu T ◽  
Zakiyah Tasnim ◽  
Annur Rofiq
Keyword(s):  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Qualitative Case Study ◽  
Teacher Candidate ◽  
Visual Media ◽  
English Teacher ◽  
Instructional Media ◽  
Teaching Practicum ◽  
Case Study Design ◽  
The Way

This study analyzes the English teacher candidate’s use of instructional media in the teaching practicum. The English teacher candidate who became the participant in this study was doing their teaching practicum in MTsN 5 Jember. This study applied the qualitative case study design. Interview and observation were done one time to select the participant. The four-times classroom observations and questionnaires were used in order to collect the data. This study employed the model of Creswell in analyzing the data. The findings of this study showed that the English teacher candidate applied one type of instructional media namely Visual Media. Those were Picture and Whiteboard. The way the teacher candidate implemented the instructional media was almost the same in each meeting of the teaching and learning process. However, the students’ participation and response were not always the same in every meeting. It depended on the way the teacher candidate managed the class activity.

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