scholarly journals Capitalism in Central Norrland, Sweden, during the Iron Age

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-198
Author(s):  
Henrik Von Stedingt ◽  
Evert Baudou
Keyword(s):  
Iron Age ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Iron Production ◽  
Northern Sweden ◽  
Forest Grazing ◽  
Iron Slag ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Capitalistic System ◽  
Pollen Analyses

The authors challenge the opinion that a traditional hunter-gatherer culture existed during the Iron Age in the forested interior of central Norrland (En. Northern Sweden). Two new and several earlier pollen analyses together with osteological finds from domestic animals confirm that extensive forest grazing was widespread throughout the interior. The distribution of iron slag deposits suggests that iron production is a key factor to understanding the society in the area. The modes of subsistence, the low-technology ironwork, and a common conceptual world as reflected in the graves on the coast and in the interior can be viewed as elements of an early capitalistic system.

Land-use change and lake acidification: Iron Age de-settlement in northern Sweden as a pre-industrial analogue

1990 ◽  
Vol 327 (1240) ◽  
pp. 373-376 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Lake Acidification ◽  
Northern Sweden ◽  
Vegetational Change ◽  
Catchment Disturbance ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Effects Of Land Use ◽  
Vegetation Regeneration ◽  
Pollen Analyses

Iron Age de-settlement in Halsingland, Northern Sweden, can be regarded as a good analogue for the possible effects of land-use and vegetational changes on lake acidification without the effect of contemporary atmospheric pollution. Pollen analyses were used to identify vegetational change associated with a de-settlement period ca . 500 A. D. and diatom analyses to assess if there was any associated change in lake-water pH. A clear settlement horizon was found in the two lakes studied, indicating catchment disturbance associated with Iron Age agriculture. There was no change, however, in diatom reconstructed pH after de-settlement, during vegetation regeneration, when it has been postulated that the build up of raw humus and change of ion-exchange conditions would result in acidification. Importantly, one of the lakes began to acidify, before liming, under contemporary levels of acid deposition.

scholarly journals A Review of Archaeological Research on Saami Prehistory in Sweden

1993 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-182
Author(s):  
Torun Zachrisson
Keyword(s):  
Resource Utilization ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Settlement Pattern ◽  
The Other ◽  
Iron Production ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Northern Sweden ◽  
Internal Development ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Written Sources

The prehistoric remains of the largest part of Sweden as we know it today belonged to the circumpolar culture, out of which the Saami culture grew. Swedish archaeology has, however, concentrated on south Scandinavian culture, later to become what we call Germanic. This article mainly deals with the Saami Iron Age. Recent research on northern Sweden deals with settlement pattern and resource utilization, iron production and forest reindeer hearding. The material from central Sweden, on the other hand is much more difficult to interpret ethnically because of the Saamis' near contact with and partial assimilation into the growing Germanic culture here —mainly a result of internal development, not of "colonization". The dominating view among archaeologists that the late hunter-gatherer culture here was synonymous with the Saami culture is supported by information from contemporary written sources.

scholarly journals Underlying social attitudes towards conservation of threatened carnivores in human-dominated landscapes

Oryx ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Zorondo-Rodríguez ◽  
Darío Moreira-Arce ◽  
Stan Boutin
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Puma Concolor ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
The Social ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
People’S Attitudes ◽  
Leopardus Guigna

AbstractCarnivore conservation depends on people's willingness to implement management practices to reduce threats to carnivores and mitigate conflicts between carnivores and domestic animals. We assessed the willingness of rural communities in central-southern Chile to (1) conserve carnivores, and (2) adopt management practices to reduce predation of domestic animals, a key factor triggering carnivore–human conflicts in rural areas. The study focused on five carnivores: the chilla Lycalopex griseus, the culpeo Lycalopex culpaeus, Darwin's fox Lycalopex fulvipes, the guiña or kodkod Leopardus guigna, and the puma Puma concolor. We found that rural communities perceived that threats towards carnivores rarely occurr in their region, contrary to the literature on this subject; people's attitudes differed depending on the carnivore; and people were willing to adopt management practices to help conserve carnivores (e.g. overnight protection of domestic animals and investment in infrastructure for henhouses and cowsheds), except leashing dogs. The willingness to conserve carnivores and adopt practices that would help do so may be associated with how these measures affect people's well-being. Although rural communities would like carnivores to be conserved, this cannot be achieved unless some pivotal practices, such as management of domestic dogs, are adopted by these communities. For successful biodiversity conservation outcomes in human-dominated landscapes, the social incentives necessary for rural communities to adopt appropriate management practices must be identified and implemented.

Gotlandic pottery outside Gotland

Światowit ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 101-115
Author(s):  
Thomas Eriksson
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Eastern Coast ◽  
Northern Sweden ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Political Units ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Made In

The article discusses contacts and networks along the eastern coast of Sweden and around the Baltic Sea. The focus is on the decorated pottery c. 0–700 AD. Sweden and Scandinavia had different regional styles of pottery during this period. One of the most distinctive Scandinavian styles is found on Öland and Gotland. This style is distinguished by the elaborate use of stamps and vessels with handles positioned from the rim to the shoulder. Vessels made in this style are found outside the large islands, notably in Svealand, i.e. the lake Mälaren Basin in central Sweden, as well as in northern Sweden. More interesting is the spread and influences in the Dollkeim-Kovrovo culture, in north-eastern Poland, and Oblast Kaliningrad. During the Roman Iron Age, a special type of beaker is found from the Mälar basin to Gotland/Öland and further on in Oblast Kaliningrad. The connection can also be seen in dress ornaments and other artefacts. The regional differences in the pottery decrease during the Vendel Period (c. 550–800 AD). A new style of stamped vessels is spread from the Langobards in northern Italy to England and Scandinavia and marks a new, more uniform material culture. This marks probably a new area of more complex and centralised political units.

Archaeometallurgical investigations into the iron production technology in Upper Lusatia, Saxony, from the Early Iron Age (Billendorf period) to the 12th century A.D.

1998 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1015-1036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert B. Heimann ◽  
Ulrich Kreher ◽  
Judith Oexle ◽  
Volkhard Hirsekorn ◽  
Olaf Ullrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Age ◽  
Production Technology ◽  
Early Iron Age ◽  
Iron Production ◽  
12Th Century

scholarly journals The Emergence of Mobile Pastoral Elites during the Middle to Late Holocene in the Sahara

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-75
Author(s):  
Michael Brass
Keyword(s):  
Iron Age ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Iron Production ◽  
Technological Changes ◽  
Population Movements ◽  
Explanatory Framework ◽  
Central Sahara

Abstract Different emphases on ideological, socio-economic and technological changes have been brought to bear on the cultural variability made materially manifest in pre-Iron Age Saharan pastoral societies. The models have ranged from limited or no complexity before iron production to transient mobile elites across the Sahara, to socially complex communities from the mid-Holocene onwards in the Central Libyan Sahara, and to permanent elites with complex social structures. Here, ethnographic cultural variability is stressed, previous models detailed, and data for the Eastern and Central Sahara summarised and analysed. The emerging picture is of a mosaic of population movements, clustering and experimentation resulting in transient peaks of wealth and the potential for incipient social complexity to become temporarily or permanently manifest. Saharan social diversity serves as a warning against linear models and highlights the importance of an explanatory framework for investigating the evolution of social structures outside of permanently settled communities for North Africa.

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