scholarly journals Pitch and Duration Pattern Sequence Tests in 7- to 11-Year-Old Children: Results Depend on Response Mode

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (01) ◽  
pp. 006-015
Author(s):  
Sheila Andreoli Balen ◽  
David R. Moore ◽  
Koichi Sameshima
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
Response Mode ◽  
Behavioral Disorder ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Response Condition ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
First Response ◽  
Pattern Sequence

AbstractPitch pattern sequence (PPS) and duration pattern sequence (DPS) tests are frequently used in the assessment of auditory processing disorder. Current recommendations suggest alternate, interchangeable modes for responding to stimuli.The objective of the study is to evaluate the influence of response mode (i.e., humming, pointing, and labeling) and age on PPS and DPS performance of 7- to 11-year-old children.Laboratory-based testing of school children. Cross-sectional comparison of age, with repeated measures of age, test, ear, and response mode.From 452 children recruited, 228 right-handed children (109 girls) aged 7 years to 11 years 11 months (mean age 9 years 4 months) completed at least one test (PPS: 211, DPS: 198), and 181 children completed both tests. Audiology inclusion criteria include normal hearing thresholds (≤15 dB HL at octave frequencies 250–8000 Hz); word recognition in quiet ≥92%; tympanogram peak compensated static acoustic compliance 0.4–1.6 mmhos; and tympanometric peak pressure −100 to +50 daPa, all in both ears. Other inclusion criteria were Portuguese as first language; right handed; no musical training; no related, known, or observed phonological, learning, neurologic, psychiatric, or behavioral disorder; otologic history; and delayed neuropsychomotor or language development.PPS: 30 trials per ear and response condition of three consecutive 500 msec duration intermixed high (1430 Hz) or low (880 Hz) frequency tones presented monaurally at 50 dB HL. The first response condition was humming followed by labeling (naming: high or low). DPS: As per PPS except 1000 Hz tones of intermixed 500 (long) and 250 msec (short) duration. First response was pointing (at a symbolic object) followed by labeling. Trends across age and between tests were assessed using repeated measures generalized linear mixed models. Correlation coefficients were calculated to assess relations among test scores. The two-sided significance level was 0.05.Older children performed better than younger children in all tasks. Humming the tone pattern (PPS humming) produced generally better performance than either articulating the attributes of the tones (labeling) or pointing to objects representing tone duration. PPS humming produced ceiling performance for many children of all ages. For both labeling tasks and DPS pointing, performance was better on the PPS than on the DPS, for stimulation of the right than the left ear, and in boys than girls. Individual performance on the two tasks was highly correlated.Response mode does matter in the PPS and DPS. Results from humming should not be combined with or be a substitute for results obtained from a labeling response. Tasks that rely on labeling a tonal stimulus should be avoided in testing hearing in children or other special populations.

scholarly journals Relationship of Self Control with Nomophobia in School-Age Children in 1st Nguling Public Elementary School Pasuruan Regency

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-163
Author(s):  
Putri Ayunda Retno Arini ◽  
Lantin Sulistyorini ◽  
Peni Perdani Juliningrum
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Control ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Relationship Of

Self-control is an internal resource used to regulate individual behavior. Therefore, school-age children with a lack of self-control potentially experience a tendency to become dependent on smartphones, which makes them feel anxious when they are away from their smartphones (Nomophobia). This study aimed to analyze the correlation between self-control and Nomophobia on school-age children at SDN Nguling 1 Pasuruan Regency. Furthermore, this study used a descriptive analitic research design with a cross-sectional approach conducted on seventy-seven samples under the inclusion criteria with a random sampling technique. The questionnaires used in this research were the Self-Control questionnaire and Nomophobia questionnaire. The self-control and Nomophobia correlation analysis used a Chi Square statistic test, with a significance level of 0.05. The result showed that 33.8% (twenty-six respondents) had good self-control and 66.2% (fifty-one respondents) had poor self-control. Fifty-two respondents (67.5%) experienced Nomophobia, while twenty-five respondents (32.5%) did not experience Nomophobia. There was a significant correlation between self-control and Nomophobia (p = 0.023 and OR = 0.319).

scholarly journals Association between anxiety and sleep quality in the General Surgery residents of Udayana University

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
Ida Bagus Gede Wisnu Wardhana ◽  
Luh Nyoman Alit Aryani ◽  
I Gusti Ayu Endah Ardjana ◽  
Cokorda Bagus Jaya Lesmana ◽  
Wayan Westa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Night Shift ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Poor Sleep Quality ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Improve Sleep Quality

Background: Sleep quality not only affects physical health but also on individual performance. Anxiety is thought to associate with poor sleep quality. This study aims to determine the association between anxiety and sleep quality in surgery residents of Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University. Methods: The subjects of the study were 48 surgery residents of Faculty of Medicine of Udayana University. The study used a cross sectional analytical method. Measurement of anxiety using the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and sleep quality questionnaire using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Data were analyzed descriptively and used the chi square test with significance level p <0.05. Results: The results showed that 33.3% of surgery residents of Faculty of Medicine of Udayana University had anxiety and most had poor sleep quality (87.5%). There is an association between anxiety and sleep quality in surgery residents of Faculty of Medicine of Udayana University with PR 3.0 (95% CI 0,9-9,1; p <0.005). Conclusion: This study shows that there is a significant relationship between anxiety and sleep quality where surgery residents of Faculty of Medicine of Udayana University with anxiety 3 times at risk of developing poor sleep quality than those without anxiety. Therefore it is necessary to manage anxiety as well as the arrangement of night shift to improve sleep quality.

scholarly journals In-hospital weight loss, prescribed diet and food acceptance

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vania Aparecida LEANDRO-MERHI ◽  
Silvana Mariana SREBERNICH ◽  
Gisele Mara Silva GONÇALVES ◽  
José Luiz Braga de AQUINO
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Estimating Equation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Food Acceptance ◽  
Weight Variation

BACKGROUND: Weight loss and malnutrition may be caused by many factors, including type of disease and treatment. AIM: The present study investigated the occurrence of in-hospital weight loss and related factors. METHOD: This cross-sectional study investigated the following variables of 456 hospitalized patients: gender, age, disease, weight variation during hospital stay, and type and acceptance of the prescribed diet. Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for comparing patients' weight in the first three days in hospital stay and determining which factors affect weight. The generalized estimating equation was used for comparing the food acceptance rates. The significance level was set at 5%. RESULTS: The most prescribed diet was the regular (28.8%) and 45.5% of the patients lost weight during their stay. Acceptance of hospital food increased from the first to the third days of stay (p=0.0022) but weight loss was still significant (p<0.0001). Age and type of prescribed diet did not affect weight loss during the study period but type of disease and gender did. Patients with neoplasms (p=0.0052) and males (p=0.0002) lost more weight. CONCLUSION: Weight loss during hospital stay was associated only with gender and type of disease.

A Simple Brochure Improves Disposal of Unused Opioids: An Observational Cross-Sectional Study

Hand ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 155894472095989
Author(s):  
Carrie L. Roth Bettlach ◽  
Jessica M. Hasak ◽  
Katherine B. Santosa ◽  
Ellen L. Larson ◽  
Thomas H. Tung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Numerical Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Opioid Medication ◽  
Significance Level

Background We evaluated the effectiveness of a simple, low-cost educational brochure in improving disposal rates of unused opioids after outpatient upper extremity surgery. Methods This cross-sectional study enrolled eligible adult patients from a peripheral nerve clinic between November 2017 and September 2018. Patients either received or did not receive the educational brochure, which outlined a simple method to dispose of unused opioids and completed a survey at 2 weeks after surgery. We compared the proportion of patients who disposed of unused opioids after surgery between the group that had received the brochure and the group that had not. Categorical data were analyzed with χ2 test, proportions data with binomial tests, and numerical data with Mann-Whitney U test, all with a significance level of P < .05. Results There were 339 survey respondents. Nineteen patients who did not meet inclusion criteria were excluded. Of the 320 remaining patients, 139 received the brochure and 181 did not. An additional 55 patients were excluded due to preoperative opioid use. Overall, 35.3% of recipients and 38.3% of those who did not receive the brochure used all of their prescribed opioid medication ( P = .625; confidence interval = −14.6%-8.8%). Among patients with unused opioid medication, a significantly higher proportion of brochure recipients disposed of the medicine compared with those who did not receive the brochure (46.7% vs 19.6%, P < .001). Conclusions Distribution of an educational brochure significantly improved disposal of unused opioids after surgery. This easily implemented intervention can improve disposal of unused opioids and ultimately decrease excess opioids available for diverted use in the community.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN DUKUNGAN PERAN KELUARGA DENGAN KELENGKAPAN IMUNISASI DASAR DPT ANAK DI DESA PAMOLAAN TANJUNG KABUPATEN SAMPANG TAHUN 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Nur Imanah
Keyword(s):  
Total Sample ◽  
Statistical Test ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Moderate Correlation ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Contingency Coefficient ◽  
Independent Variable

The coverage of basic DPT immunization has decided 90% by government In fact, the coverage of basic DPT immunization in Pamolaan does not complete the target yet. The first DPT is around 85.8%, the second DPT is 71%, and the last DPT is 67.9%. Family’s support and role is one of factor that influences the completeness of basic DPT immunization. But until now, the correlation between family’s support and role with completeness of the basic DPT immunization for children doesn’t explain yet. This study was aimed to identify the correlation between family’s support and role with completeness of the basic DPT immunization. Design used in this study was cross sectional. The populations of the study were mother who has children at the age of six months to twelve months. Sample, enrolled using purposive sampling and total sample was fifty respondents who had been taken according to inclusion criteria. Independent variable was family’s support and role in completing basic DPT immunization. The dependent variable was the completeness of basic DPT immunization for children. Data were collected using Sperman and Chi square statistical test with significance level p < 0.05. Results showed that there is correlation between family’s support with completeness of the basic DPT immunization with correlation significant (p=0.045) and correlation coefficient (r=0.285). Then, there is correlation between family’s role with completeness of the basic DPT immunization with correlation significant (p=0.001) and contingency coefficient (C=0.474). It can be concluded that there are correlation between family’s support and role by showing a moderate correlation. So, family’s support and role can become reinforcing factor for mother to give DPT immunization for children but not the dominant factor.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING NURSE ANXIETY DURING PANDEMIC COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Indri Lestari ◽  
Nursalam Nursalam ◽  
Aria Aulia Nastiti
Keyword(s):  
Virus Disease ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Depression Anxiety Stress Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Perceptions Of Risk ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
And Training

Introduction: The development of cases of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) in Pati Regency which is increasing every day causes anxiety in nurses. The purpose of the study was to analyze the factors that influence the anxiety level of nurses during the Covid-19 pandemic.Method: The research design used was descriptive analytic with a cross-sectional approach. The sample size was 55 respondents, taken according to the inclusion criteria and sampling using the proportional stratified random sampling technique. The inclusion criteria in this study were nurses who worked in room units that did not treat Covid-19 patients and were cooperative at RSUD Kayen Pati. The independent variables in this study were perceptions of risk, workload as well as information and training. The dependent variable in this study was the level of anxiety of nurses. The instrument used for the perception of risk as well as information and training was a questionnaire from Gershon et al (1995), for the workload instrument using a questionnaire from  Nursalam (2016) while for anxiety instruments using a Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS) 42 questionnaire. Analysis using a test Logistics Regression statistic with significance level p<0.05.Results: The results showed that there was an influence between information and training (0.000), workload (0.000) and perceptions of risk (0.001) with nurses' anxiety levels during the Covid-19 pandemic. The most dominant factor giving the relationship between nurses' anxiety levels during the Covid-19 pandemic was information and training.Conclusion: Information and training factors, workload and perceptions of risk have an influence on nurses' anxiety levels during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Maternal Knowledge Factor, Maternal Age and Maternal Parity Associated with Genesis of Normal Delivery at Palembang Hospital of Bari Year 2017

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
Juliana Widyastuti Wahyuningsih
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Age ◽  
World Health ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
P Value ◽  
Maternal Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Delivery ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Birth Canal ◽  
Maternal Parity

Childbirthis a processLabor of opening and depleting the cervix and the fetus down into the birth canal. Birth is a process in which the fetus and amniotic are pushed out through the birth canal. (Sarwono, 2008). According to the World Health Organization (WHO) estimates more than 585,000 mothers annually die during pregnancy or childbirth. Indonesia Health Demographic Survey (SDKI) Survey in 2012, Maternal Mortality Rate in Indonesia is still high at 359 per 100,000 live births. The purpose of this study is the knowledge of maternal knowledge, maternal age, and maternal parity associated with normal birth events at Palembang Bari Hospital 2017. This study used analytical survey method with cross sectional approach. The population in this study were all maternal mothers at the Palembang Bari Hospital in 2017. Sampling in the study was conducted non-randomly with the technique of "Accidental Sampling". Data analysis was done univariat and bivariate with Chi-Square statistical test with significance level α = 0,05. The result of this research shows that there is correlation between mother's knowledge with normal delivery incidence with p value 0,001, there is correlation between mother age with normal delivery incidence with p value 0,009, there is relation between mother parity with normal delivery incidence with p value 0,001. From result of this research hopes healthcare workers can improve normal delivery care services and more often to carry out maternal safety counseling.

Burden of Care Among Mothers Having Children with Congenital Heart Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-77
Author(s):  
Nita Sharma ◽  
Pratima Sharma ◽  
Tulashi Adhikari Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
P Value ◽  
Burden Of Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level

Introduction: Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) is a problem with structure and function of the heart that is present at birth.  Children with CHD require special care, treatment and follow up for a number of common conditions which may be quite straining to the care givers. The objective of the study was to find out the burden of care among mothers having children with CHD. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in a cardiac centre of Nepal. A total of 95 mothers having children with CHD attending outpatient department of our institute were selected as the sample for the study using non-probability purposive sampling technique. A semi structured interview questionnaire consisting of the Modified Caregiver Strain Index was used to assess the burden of care among mothers having children with CHD. Frequency and percent were used to describe the variables and chi- square test at 0.05 significance level was used to analyse associations. Results: Most (77.9%) of the mothers were regularly strained to find that their children’s health condition was deteriorating due to CHD. Nearly half (44.2%) of the mothers always had financial constrain while giving care to the child, nearly half (40%) of the mothers had done emotional adjustments to take care of their children with CHD, another two-fifths (28.4%) of the mothers sometimes had disturbed sleep and almost half (46.3%) of the mothers were always upset due to some behaviour of their child with CHD. Half (50.5%) of the mothers had high level of burden of care. Statistically significant association were found between age of the mother and level of burden of care (p value = 0.05). Similarly, the type of family (p value = 0.005), age of the children (p value = 0.000) and type of CHD (p value = 0.002) were significantly associated with the level of burden of care among the mothers. Conclusion: The study concluded that mothers tend to feel less burden of care as the child grows older, mothers having children with cyanotic heart disease tend to experience more burden of care. Mothers of less than thirty years of age and living in a joint family also experience more burden of care.  

Comparison of Heffner Criteria and Light Criteria in Differentiating Exudative and Transudative Pleural Effusion

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-145
Author(s):  
Krishna Chandra Devkota ◽  
S Hamal ◽  
PP Panta
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pleural Space ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Exudative Pleural Effusion

Pleural effusion is present when there is >15ml of fluid is accumulated in the pleural space. It can be divided into two types; exudative and transudative pleural effusion. Tuberculosis and parapneumonic effusion are the common cause of exudative pleural effusion whereas heart failure accounts for most of the cases of transudative pleural effusion. This study was a hospital based cross sectional study performed at Nepal Medical College during the period of January 2016-December 2016. A total of 50 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled. Pleural effusion was confirmed by clinical examination and radiology. After confirmation of pleural effusion, pleural fluid was aspirated and was analysed for protein, LDH, cholesterol. The Heffner criteria was compared with Light criteria to classify exudative or transudative pleural effusion. Among 50 patients, 30 were male and 20 were female. The mean age of patient was 45.4±21.85 years. The sensitivity and specificity of using Light criteria to detect the two type of pleural effusion was 100% and 90.9%, whereas using Heffner criteria was 94.87%, 100% respectively(P<0.01). There are variety of causes for development of pleural effusion and no one criteria is definite to differentiate between exudative or transudative effusion. In this study Light criteria was more sensitive whereas Heffner criteria was more specific to classify exudative pleural effusion. Hence a combination of criteria might be useful in case where there is difficulty to identify the cause of pleural effusion.

HUBUNGAN AKTIVITAS FISIK DENGAN FUNGSI KOGNITIF LANSIA DI PANTI WREDHA YAYASAN SOSIAL SALIB PUTIH SALATIGA

2019 ◽  
pp. 137-143
Author(s):  
Dennys Christovel Dese ◽  
Cahyo Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
The Social ◽  
Normal Cognitive Function ◽  
Intellectual Capacity ◽  
Independent Variable

Peningkatan jumlah lansia setiap tahunnya harus dijadikan perhatian, akibat adanya peningkatan jumlah lansia masalah yang dihadapi akan menjadi semakin kompleks, salah satunya adalah masalah yang berkaitan dengan gejala penuaan. Menurunnya kapasitas intelektual berhubungan erat dengan fungsi kognitif pada lansia. Aktivitas fisik diidentifikasi sebagai salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi fungsi kognitif. Aktivitas fisik bermanfaat untuk lansia sebagai pencegahan dan demensia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Penelitian dilakukan di yayasan sosial Panti Wredha Salib Putih Salatiga pada bulan Juni 2018. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah lansia yang berumur ?60 tahun. Subjek pada penelitian ini berjumlah 16 responden. Variabel independen dalam penelitian ini adalah aktivitas fisik yang dinilai dengan menggunakan instrument GPAQ. Sedangkan variabel dependen dalam penelitian ini adalah fungsi kognitif yang dinilai dengan instrument MMSE. Terdapat 4 orang (25%) yang masuk dalam kategori fungsi kognitif normal dengan kategori aktifitas fisik sedang 1 orang dan aktifitas berat 3 orang, kemudian yang termasuk dalam kategori gangguan fungsi kognitif ringan sebanyak 11 orang (68,75%), dengan kategori aktifitas fisik sedang 8 orang dan aktifitas ringan 3 orang. Sedangkan yang termasuk dalam kategori gangguan fungsi kognitif berat, terdapat 1 orang (6,25%) dengan kategori aktifitasnya ringan. Taraf signifikansi antar variabel tingkat aktifitas fisik dan fungsi kognitif pada lansia adalah p=0.007 atau p<0,05, sehingga dapat disimpulkan ada  hubungan antara tingkat aktifitas fisik dengan fungsi kognitif pada lansia.   Increasing the number of elderly people every year should be a concern, due to an increase in the number of elderly problems faced will become increasingly complex, one of which is a problem related to the symptoms of aging. Decreased intellectual capacity is closely related to cognitive function in the elderly. Physical activity is identified as one of the factors that influence cognitive function. Physical activity is beneficial for the elderly as prevention and dementia. This study was an observational analytic study using a cross sectional approach. The study was conducted at the social foundation nursing home in the white cross in June 2018. The population in this study was elderly aged ≥60 years. The subjects in this study were 16 respondents. The independent variable in this study is physical activity that is assessed using the GPAQ instrument. While the dependent variable in this study was cognitive function which was assessed by the MMSE instrument. There are 4 people (25%) who fall into the category of normal cognitive function with moderate physical activity categories 1 person and heavy activities 3 people, then those included in the category of mild cognitive function disorders are 11 people (68.75%), with the category of physical activity being 8 people and 3 light activities. While those included in the category of severe cognitive function disorders, there is 1 person (6.25%) with a mild activity category. The significance level between the level of physical activity and cognitive function in the elderly is p = 0.007 or p <0.05, so it can be concluded that there is a relationship between the level of physical activity and cognitive function in the elderly.

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