scholarly journals Households costs of Ukraine’s regions: factor analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
Halyna MAKEDON
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Foreign Currency ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Transfer Payments ◽  
Household Spending ◽  
Consumer Model ◽  
Economic Regions

The article presents a factor analysis of household spending in the regions of Ukraine. It is established that the pattern of consumer behavior of households has changed significantly over the last decade, and the share of savings, especially cash in foreign currency, has increased. On the whole, there has been a rapid increase in the poverty level of the population. It has been proved that the consumer model of Ukrainian households in recent years does not fit into the framework of traditional «income» theories. A five-factor linear function of consumption dependence on the official hryvnia exchange rate, gross external debt, unemployment rate, population and social transfers has been developed. Household spending is an aggregate measure that summarizes the behavior of all actors at the macro level. The results of the analysis indicate a significant level of import dependence of domestic producers on imported goods. Population growth as a factor leads to an increase in household consumption in the regions of Ukraine. The article presents a number of regional differences in consumer models of households in the Eastern, Black Sea, Carpathian and Polissya economic regions. The development of linear five-factor consumption and savings functions of Ukrainian households, the analysis of regression coefficients and elasticity indicators revealed that the largest negative impact on the change in consumer spending was the change in population size, the stable positive effect was the amount of transfer payments. An analysis of the multifactor linear consumption functions by economic area found that among the studied factors, two (official hryvnia exchange rate against the euro and current transfers) were stimulants and two (discount rate and unemployment rate) were stimulators.

scholarly journals AN ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING NON-PERFORMING ASSETS IN INDIAN BANKING SECTOR

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-29
Author(s):  
Bhabani Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Fixed Effect ◽  
Specific Factor ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Bad Assets ◽  
Bank Specific Factors

Deterioration of asset quality destabilizes the financial system by adversely affecting the efficiency, profitability, solvency and liquidity of the banking sector. Both macroeconomic and bank specific factors should be analysed properly to know their strength and direction of impact on the bad assets to have effective NPA resolution mechanism. Unemployment Rate Inflation, Economic Growth, Export rate, Exchange rate, Fiscal Deficit ratio are the macroeconomic indicators and Return on Assets, Credit Deposit ratio, Net Interest Margin are the bank specific factor that are taken from 2003-04 to 2019-20 to explain the variability in Non-performing assets of Public sector and Private sector banks. Fixed effect estimation with robust clustered standard error is used for the panel data regression. Paper found that except unemployment rate all other variables have significant impact on bad assets. Bank specific factor have strong negative impact on the dependent variables. Only exchange rate affects the non-performing loans positively but other macroeconomic variables are negatively associated. KEYWORDS: Non-Performing Assets, Macroeconomic indicators, bank specific factors, Fixed effect

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF EXCHANGE RATE DIFFERENCES ON THE FINANCIAL RISK OF STEVEDORING COMPANIES

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svitlana Oneshko ◽  
◽  
Yuliia Hevrek ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Exchange Rates ◽  
Financial Risk ◽  
Foreign Currency ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Income Loss ◽  
Financial Plan ◽  
The Impact

Increased interest from users of financial information, which is risky in nature, determines the relevance of the study of the impact of exchange rate differences on the financial risk of economic entities and their financial performance. There is the need to refine the impact of exchange rate differences on the financial risk of economic entities in the perspective of sectoral characteristics, also to determine the practical aspect of using methods of statistical analysis and to identify factors influencing the income generated in foreign currency. The study examines the impact of exchange rate differences on financial risk on the example of state stevedoring companies in Ukraine, the peculiarity of which is the settlement in foreign currency which is associated with the formation of chord rates in US dollars. It is concluded that there is a discrepancy between the US dollar exchange rate, which was included in the financial plan of state stevedoring companies, and the actual exchange rate. This fact directly affected the level of income, namely their reduction from the main activity in absolute terms. Determining the structural ratio of the impact of factors of cargo volume and the average income rate per 1 ton of cargo allowed us to establish that throughout the period there was a negative impact of the income rate factor which is formed in dollar terms. From the standpoint of the statistical analysis of the impact of the dollar on the formation of the revenue side of the financial results of state stevedoring companies of Ukraine and the results, it is proposed to take measures to reduce potential financial risks and avoid / minimize financial losses in terms of income loss, namely graphical and statistical methods based on built models, which adequately describe the dynamics of the series to select the best model for constructing forecast data; during the formation of the financial plan of the stevedoring company to take into account trends in exchange rates by conducting a more detailed analysis, for example, the general trend of exchange rates over time by the method of aggregation of intervals, moving average and analytical alignment; to apply the method of hedging future cash flows that depend on currency risks in order to reduce the propensity to risks and uncertainties associated with changes in external economic conditions for exchange rates which will minimize the negative impact and eliminate uncertainty about exchange rates in the future.

scholarly journals THE STATE OF THE FINANCIAL MARKET OF UKRAINE DURING THE PANDEMIC COVID-19 AND THE REALITIES OF TODAY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nataliia Tataryn ◽  
Renata Kolba
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Financial Market ◽  
Foreign Currency ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Black Spot ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The State ◽  
Financial Flows ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
The Impact

In the article, it is feasible to analyze the impact of the coronavirus on the financial sector of Ukraine as of 2021. The pandemic has become a real test both for the financial market of Ukraine and for the entire economic situation of our country. In particular, the first part analyzed the impact of the pandemic on the main macroeconomic indicators of the market. We determined that during the period from sowing to May last year, Ukraine's GDP decreased by five points, which negatively affected macroeconomic indicators and the general well-being of our population. The next one analyzed the macroeconomic indicators characterizing the state of the Ukrainian market, experienced the greatest float of COVID-19. We have determined that wages have undergone a sharp cut, which has decreased by 10% over several months. The next was the analysis of the inflation index, which increased during the quarantine period in March, but since April 2020 it has begun to file, due to the end of strict quarantine restrictions. The impact of the coronavirus on the exchange rate was also studied, which in April 2020 the dollar exchange rate began to fall, but since June we have seen its rapid growth. Next, we analyzed the NBU's foreign exchange interventions, it can be seen that in July 2020 the NBU began selling foreign currency to support the national hryvnia exchange rate. In general, during the quarantine period, the NBU sold $ 1,160,000,000 in order to support the hryvnia. Enterprises in connection with punishing them with restrictions were forced to issue stocks and bonds in order to stay afloat. As a result, we can safely say that the coronavirus epidemic had a negative impact on the financial market of Ukraine and left a "black spot" on the economy of our state. It can be concluded that the situation with the pandemic does not bode well not only for the Ukrainian market, but also for the economy as a whole, and if this virus continues to develop, the hryvnia exchange rate may collapse. To date, the consequences of the infection have caused a serious disruption in the Ukrainian economy. In this situation, one can only hope that Ukrainian exports will grow in positive dynamics, which will allow our state to receive stable financial flows in foreign currency and in accordance with strengthening its own rate.

Task and Relationship Conflict at Work

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nale Lehmann-Willenbrock ◽  
Anna Grohmann ◽  
Simone Kauffeld
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Task Conflict ◽  
Relationship Conflict ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

The distinction between task and relationship conflict is well established. Based on Jehn’s (1995) intragroup conflict scale, we developed an economic six-item questionnaire for assessing relationship and task conflict in work groups. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed on data from a convenience sample (N = 247), and confirmed the original two-factor solution. The stability of the obtained two-factor solution was supported by confirmatory factor analysis in a longitudinal design with a second sample (N = 431) from the industrial sector. In line with previous research, the two types of conflict were intercorrelated. Moreover, the two subscales showed differential longitudinal effects on team outcomes. Task conflict was beneficial for performance in nonroutine tasks (but not in routine tasks). Relationship conflict had a negative impact on team viability and coworker trust.

Features of payments in foreign currency in budgetary institutions

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-28
Author(s):  
Larisa Gerasimova
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Foreign Currency ◽  
Fair Value ◽  
Budgetary Institutions ◽  
The Exchange Rate ◽  
Monetary Assets ◽  
Made In

The article discusses the procedure for accounting for objects in a foreign currency. It is shown that foreign currency assets, liabilities, and other items are recorded simultaneously in foreign currency and in rubles. Analyzed the accounting treatment of exchange rate differences, it is shown that their records depend on the period. Examples of currency monetary and non-monetary accounting items and the specifics of their reflection in accounting transactions are given. Monetary assets and liabilities are recorded at the exchange rate at the date of recognition. The option of recognition at the reporting date is possible. Non-monetary assets and liabilities are recognized at the date of recognition and are no longer restated. An example of accounting for non-monetary assets accepted by an institution at fair value as an exception to their rules is given. The article reflects that the revaluation of such assets at the new exchange rate is made in cases when the fair value of the object changes. It shows the mechanisms for accounting for the return of advances in foreign currency and options when such debt is recalculated or not recalculated after being accepted for accounting.

العلاقة التبادلية بين سعر الصرف وأسعار الأسهم دراسة تطبيقية في سوق اسطنبول للأوراق المالية للمدة 2005-2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
سعدالله ألنعيمي
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Nominal Exchange Rate ◽  
Share Price ◽  
Theoretical Interpretation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Exchange Rate

The study aims to analyzing the reciprocal relationship between the nominal exchange rate of the Turkish lira versus the U.S. dollar and the stock prices of the companies listed on the Istanbul Stock Exchange (ISE) expressed in the general market index for the period from 2005 to 2020 with 192 monthly observations, based on the traditional theory and the theory of portfolio balance model in theoretical interpretation for that relationship, aiming to identify the effect of the exchange rate on stock prices, as well as to analyze the causal relationship between those variables and to identify which of them is the cause or which is the result, using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model. The research found that the exchange rate has a positive effect on stock prices in the long term, despite the emergence of the negative impact in the short term, but the long-term relationship has corrected the course of the short-term relationship with a time period not exceeding one month, in addition to proving that this relationship takes one direction. From the exchange rate towards stock prices, that is, the exchange rate is the reason and stock prices are the result, therefore the results of this research helps investors to predict future trends of stock prices depending on the exchange rate changes, and it also enables the companies, especially those with foreign transactions, to manage price risks the exchange rate in order to avoid its negative impact on its share price, as it represents an obstacle to achieving its main goal of maximizing the share price

Real Exchange Rate Overvaluation and WTO Dispute Initiation in Developing Countries

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 797-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timm Betz ◽  
Andrew Kerner
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Trade Policy ◽  
Foreign Currency ◽  
Real Exchange Rates ◽  
Trade Disputes ◽  
Trade Dispute ◽  
Competitive Disadvantage ◽  
Dispute Initiation ◽  
Foreign Currency Debt

AbstractWhy and when do developing countries file trade disputes at the World Trade Organization (WTO)? Although financial conditions have long been considered an important driver of trade policy, they have been largely absent from the literature on trade disputes. We argue that developing country governments bring more trade dispute to the WTO when overvalued real exchange rates put exporters at a competitive disadvantage. This dynamic is most prevalent in countries where large foreign currency debt burdens discourage nominal currency devaluations that would otherwise serve exporters’ interests. Our findings provide an explanation for differences in dispute participation rates among developing countries, and also suggest a new link between exchange rate regimes and trade policy.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF CAPITAL ALLOCATIONS TO ECONOMIC GROWTH, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT AND POVERTY INDEX PROVINCE IN THE NORTH MALUKU IN YEAR 2010 - 2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Iksan Umsohy
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Development Index ◽  
The North ◽  
Expenditure Allocation

This study aims to test and analyze: 1 Influence of Capital Expenditure Allocation to Economic Growth, 2 Influence of Allocation of Capital Expenditure and Economic Growth to Human Development Index, 3 Influence of Capital Expenditure Allocation, Economic Growth and Human Development Index to Poverty in Districts / Cities in North Maluku Province. The research method used is panel data regression. The results of this research founded that model 1 influence of Capital Expenditure Allocation have significant influence to Economic Growth. Model 2 Capital Expenditure Allocation has a positive but insignificant influence on the Human Development Index even though the increase is not significant while Economic Growth has positive and significant effect on Human Development Index while model 3 allocation of Capital Expenditure has positive and significant influence to Poverty. While Economic Growth has a negative impact on Poverty, Furthermore, Human Development Index (HDI) as an indicator of strengthening of human resources has a negative and significant influence on Poverty level in 9 regencies of North Maluku Province.  Keywords: Allocation of Capital Expenditure, Growth, Human Development Index, Poverty  

scholarly journals Euroisation in the Western Balkans: The Evidence for Macedonian Economy

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-315
Author(s):  
Tatjana Boshkov ◽  
Zoran Temelkov ◽  
Aleksandra Zezova
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Foreign Currency ◽  
Exchange Rate Regime ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Emerging Countries ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
Balkan Countries ◽  
High Level ◽  
Benefits And Costs ◽  
Prudential Policy

Abstract Euroisation is a problem with a long history and usually persistent phenomena. The high level of euroisation is common in emerging countries in Europe as in the countries with fixed exchange rate regime. In Western Balkan countries have been identified a strong presence of foreign currency. The fact is that transactions could take a place outside of the banking channels, which is not a case for FX-loan and FX-deposit ratios. It’s difficult to measure how much foreign money is in the economy. This is the reason to use data for currency substitution index. This index is high for Macedonia indicating high level of real euroisation. After the crisis, the levels are reduced (lower remittances from abroad). Considering the exchange rate experience of Macedonia, it’s likely to remain significantly euroised country for an extended period. IMF considers appropriate strategy which provides support for the gradual de-euroisation in maintaining macro-prudential policy and development of the domestic market. Another important strategy is the maintenance of prudent policies that mitigate foreign currency risks. The paper shows the persistence of FX mainly in Macedonian economy and discusses about benefits and costs, in light of the recent economic crisis.

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