scholarly journals Now you see it … and now again: Semantic interference reflects lexical competition in speech production with and without articulation

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 657-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasha Abdel Rahman ◽  
Sabrina Aristei
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Lexical Competition ◽  
Semantic Interference

scholarly journals Effects of orthography in the picture-word task: Evidence from Japanese scripts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra S. Dylman ◽  
Mariko Kikutani ◽  
Miho Sasaki ◽  
Christopher Barry
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Interference Effect ◽  
Distractor Word ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
Lexical Selection ◽  
Semantic Interference ◽  
Facilitation Effect ◽  
Word Combination ◽  
Word Task ◽  
Different Populations

AbstractThe picture-word task presents participants with a number of pictured objects together with a written distractor word superimposed upon each picture, and their task is to name the depicted object while ignoring the distractor word. Depending on the specific picture and word combination, various effects, including the identity facilitation effect (e.g., DOG + dog) and the semantic interference effect (e.g., GOAT + cow), are often observed. The response patterns of the picture-word task in terms of naming latencies reflect the mechanisms underlying lexical selection in speech production. Research using this method, however, has typically focused on alphabetic languages, or involved bilingual populations, making it difficult to specifically investigate orthographic effects in isolation. In this paper, we report five experiments investigating the role of orthography in the picture-word task by varying distractor script (using the multiscriptal language Japanese, and pseudohomophonic spellings in English) across three different populations (Japanese monolinguals, Japanese-English bilinguals, and English monolinguals), investigating both the identity facilitation effect and the semantic interference effect. The results generally show that the magnitude of facilitation is affected by orthography even within a single language. The findings and specific patterns of results are discussed in relation to current theories on speech production.

scholarly journals Assessing the presence of lexical competition across languages: Evidence from the Stroop task

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALBERT COSTA ◽  
BÁRBARA ALBAREDA ◽  
MIKEL SANTESTEBAN
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Stroop Task ◽  
Interference Effect ◽  
Lexical Competition ◽  
Facilitation Effect ◽  
Lexical Representations ◽  
Language Identity ◽  
Paradoxical Effects ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Cross Language

Do the lexical representations of the non-response language enter into lexical competition during speech production? This issue has been studied by means of the picture–word interference paradigm in which two paradoxical effects have been observed. The so-called CROSS-LANGUAGE IDENTITY EFFECT (Costa, Miozzo and Caramazza, 1999) has been taken as evidence against cross-linguistic lexical competition. In contrast, the so-called PHONO-TRANSLATION EFFECT (Hermans, Bongaerts, De Bot and Schreuder, 1998) has been interpreted as revealing lexical competition across languages. In this article, we assess the reliability of these two effects by testing Spanish–Catalan highly-proficient bilinguals performing a Stroop task. The results of the experiment are clear: while the cross-language identity facilitation effect is reliably replicated, the phono-translation interference effect is absent from the Stroop task. From these results, we conclude that we should be cautious when drawing strong conclusions about the presence of competition across languages based on the phono-translation effect observed in the picture–word interference paradigm.

scholarly journals Connectionist Principles in Theories of Speech Production

2018 ◽  
pp. 371-397
Author(s):  
Laurel Brehm ◽  
Matthew Goldrick
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Language Production ◽  
Spreading Activation ◽  
Syntactic Priming ◽  
Semantic Interference ◽  
Connectionist Models ◽  
Distributed Representations ◽  
Sequencing Errors ◽  
Connectionist Modeling ◽  
Principles Of Learning

This chapter focuses on connectionist modeling in language production, highlighting how core principles of connectionism provide coverage for empirical observations about representation and selection at the phonological, lexical, and sentence levels. The first section focuses on the connectionist principles of localist representations and spreading activation. It discusses how these two principles have motivated classic models of speech production and shows how they cover results of the picture-word interference paradigm, the mixed error effect, and aphasic naming errors. The second section focuses on how newer connectionist models incorporate the principles of learning and distributed representations through discussion of syntactic priming, cumulative semantic interference, sequencing errors, phonological blends, and code-switching.

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal dynamics of word retrieval in speech production revealed by cortical high-frequency band activity

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (23) ◽  
pp. E4530-E4538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie K. Riès ◽  
Rummit K. Dhillon ◽  
Alex Clarke ◽  
David King-Stephens ◽  
Kenneth D. Laxer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Semantic Priming ◽  
Frequency Band ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Spatiotemporal Dynamics ◽  
Word Retrieval ◽  
Semantic Activation ◽  
High Frequency Band ◽  
Semantic Interference ◽  
Word Selection

Word retrieval is core to language production and relies on complementary processes: the rapid activation of lexical and conceptual representations and word selection, which chooses the correct word among semantically related competitors. Lexical and conceptual activation is measured by semantic priming. In contrast, word selection is indexed by semantic interference and is hampered in semantically homogeneous (HOM) contexts. We examined the spatiotemporal dynamics of these complementary processes in a picture naming task with blocks of semantically heterogeneous (HET) or HOM stimuli. We used electrocorticography data obtained from frontal and temporal cortices, permitting detailed spatiotemporal analysis of word retrieval processes. A semantic interference effect was observed with naming latencies longer in HOM versus HET blocks. Cortical response strength as indexed by high-frequency band (HFB) activity (70–150 Hz) amplitude revealed effects linked to lexical-semantic activation and word selection observed in widespread regions of the cortical mantle. Depending on the subsecond timing and cortical region, HFB indexed semantic interference (i.e., more activity in HOM than HET blocks) or semantic priming effects (i.e., more activity in HET than HOM blocks). These effects overlapped in time and space in the left posterior inferior temporal gyrus and the left prefrontal cortex. The data do not support a modular view of word retrieval in speech production but rather support substantial overlap of lexical-semantic activation and word selection mechanisms in the brain.

The shape of things to come in speech production: Visual form interference during lexical access

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
pp. 1921-1938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greig I de Zubicaray ◽  
Mia McLean ◽  
Frank Oppermann ◽  
Aidan Hegarty ◽  
Katie McMahon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Lexical Access ◽  
Response Selection ◽  
Lexical Selection ◽  
Semantic Interference ◽  
Visual Form ◽  
Conceptual Processing ◽  
Production Models ◽  
To Come ◽  
Selection Mechanisms

Naming a picture is slower in categorically related compared with unrelated contexts, an effect termed semantic interference. This effect has informed the development of all contemporary models of lexical access in speech production. However, category members typically share visual features, so semantic interference might in part reflect this confound. Surprisingly, little work has addressed this issue, and the relative absence of evidence for visual form interference has been proposed to be problematic for production models implementing competitive lexical selection mechanisms. In a series of five experiments using two different naming paradigms, we demonstrate a reliable visual form interference effect in the absence of a category relation and show the effect is more likely to originate during lexical or later response selection than during perceptual/conceptual processing. We conclude visual form interference in naming is a significant complicating factor for studies of semantic interference effects and discuss the implications for current accounts of lexical access in spoken word production.

No lexical competition without priming: Evidence from the picture–word interference paradigm

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 2562-2570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna S Gauvin ◽  
Magdalena K Jonen ◽  
Jessica Choi ◽  
Katie McMahon ◽  
Greig I de Zubicaray
Keyword(s):  
Interference Effect ◽  
Picture Naming ◽  
Interference Effects ◽  
Lexical Competition ◽  
Semantic Interference ◽  
The Past ◽  
Task Parameters ◽  
Naming Latencies ◽  
And Task

Over the past 40 years, researchers have assumed that semantic interference effects in picture naming reflect competition among lexical candidates during retrieval. In this study, we examined the role of the familiarisation phase in which participants are shown the target pictures and required to rehearse the appropriate names before the picture–word interference (PWI) paradigm is performed. A previous study reported that omitting the familiarisation phase reversed the polarity of the semantic effect to facilitation. In two experiments using between- and within-participants design, respectively, we compared PWI performance with and without familiarisation while using matched stimuli and task parameters. Overall, the results showed the typical semantic interference effect following familiarisation. However, in both experiments, naming latencies did not differ significantly between related and unrelated distractors when familiarisation was omitted. The current findings suggest that familiarisation plays an important role in determining semantic interference in PWI, most likely via raising lexical competitor activation by priming links between targets and related concepts. We also discuss broader implications of our findings with respect to the replicability of reported semantic facilitation effects in PWI.

The neural systems underlying lexical competition in speech production: Evidence from Aphasia

2007 ◽  
Vol 103 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 10-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith S. Apfelbaum ◽  
Sheila E. Blumstein ◽  
Audrey Kittredge
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Neural Systems ◽  
Lexical Competition

Cumulative semantic interference is blind to language: Implications for models of bilingual speech production

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 850-869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elin Runnqvist ◽  
Kristof Strijkers ◽  
F.-Xavier Alario ◽  
Albert Costa
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Semantic Interference
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