scholarly journals Decrement in distress to an aversive event during a conditioned positive opponent-process

1976 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph D. LaBarbera ◽  
William F. Caul
Keyword(s):  
Aversive Event ◽  
Opponent Process

Maternal Perception of Infants’ Expressions of Emotion

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Krippl ◽  
Stephanie Ast-Scheitenberger ◽  
Ina Bovenschen ◽  
Gottfried Spangler
Keyword(s):  
Response Pattern ◽  
Electrodermal Activity ◽  
Startle Amplitude ◽  
Caregiving System ◽  
Parental Caregiving ◽  
Opponent Process ◽  
Opponent Process Theory ◽  
Valence And Arousal ◽  
Methodological Considerations

In light of Lang’s differentiation of the aversive and the approach system – and assumptions stemming from attachment theory – this study investigates the role of the approach or caregiving system for processing infant emotional stimuli by comparing IAPS pictures, infant pictures, and videos. IAPS pictures, infant pictures, and infant videos of positive, neutral, or negative content were presented to 69 mothers, accompanied by randomized startle probes. The assessment of emotional responses included subjective ratings of valence and arousal, corrugator activity, the startle amplitude, and electrodermal activity. In line with Lang’s original conception, the typical startle response pattern was found for IAPS pictures, whereas no startle modulation was observed for infant pictures. Moreover, the startle amplitudes during negative video scenes depicting crying infants were reduced. The results are discussed with respect to several theoretical and methodological considerations, including Lang’s theory, emotion regulation, opponent process theory, and the parental caregiving system.

Noncontingent Nonreinforcement of a Response as the Aversive Event in a Cer Paradigm

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1196-1198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard S. Calef ◽  
Richard A. Kaufman ◽  
Ronald N. Bone ◽  
Steven A. Werk
Keyword(s):  
Reinforcement Schedule ◽  
Present Experiment ◽  
High Density ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Aversive Event ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Facilitation Effect ◽  
Response Facilitation ◽  
Early Training ◽  
Low Rate

The present experiment investigated the effects of noncontingent nonreinforcement as the aversive event in a CER paradigm. The results showed a significant response-facilitation effect during early training, but none during later training with a high rate-producing, high-density reinforcement schedule. The present results imply that a low rate-producing, high-density reinforcement schedule is not a necessary condition for response facilitation.

scholarly journals The role of trait anxiety in associative learning during and after an aversive event

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arne Ilse ◽  
Virginia Prameswari ◽  
Evelyn Kahl ◽  
Markus Fendt
Keyword(s):  
Associative Learning ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Aversive Event

scholarly journals Medial Orbitofrontal De-Activation During Tonic Cold Pain Stimulation: A fMRI Study Examining the Opponent-Process Theory

2020 ◽  
Vol Volume 13 ◽  
pp. 1335-1347
Author(s):  
Nathalie Bitar ◽  
Jules Roger Dugré ◽  
Serge Marchand ◽  
Stéphane Potvin
Keyword(s):  
Process Theory ◽  
Cold Pain ◽  
Pain Stimulation ◽  
Opponent Process ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Opponent Process Theory
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