scholarly journals Effects of sequences of sucrose reward magnitudes with short ITIs in rats

1976 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 473-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Burns
Keyword(s):  
Sucrose Reward ◽  
Short Itis

Single-Alternation Patterning with Sucrose Reinforcement and Varied Intertrial Intervals in the Rat

1979 ◽  
Vol 44 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1311-1316
Author(s):  
Richard J. Nicholls ◽  
Victor Duch
Keyword(s):  
Classical Conditioning ◽  
Intertrial Interval ◽  
Short Interval ◽  
Single Alternation ◽  
Extinction Data ◽  
Sucrose Reward ◽  
Sucrose Reinforcement

Four groups of rats were given single-alternation training in a runway using sucrose reward and then extinguished. Only subjects given training with a short interval (10 sec.) between rewarded and nonrewarded trials and a long interval (40 min.) between nonrewarded and rewarded trials learned patterned responding. This duplicated the results found in classical conditioning with a similar manipulation. The acquisition and extinction data led to the conclusion that intertrial interval cues can be made more important than aftereffects in producing patterning with sucrose reinforcement.

scholarly journals Nicotine as a signal for the presence or absence of sucrose reward: a Pavlovian drug appetitive conditioning preparation in rats

2004 ◽  
Vol 172 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce Besheer ◽  
Matthew I. Palmatier ◽  
Dawn M. Metschke ◽  
Rick A. Bevins
Keyword(s):  
Appetitive Conditioning ◽  
Sucrose Reward

scholarly journals Intravenous gestational nicotine exposure results in increased motivation for sucrose reward in adult rat offspring

2012 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan T. Lacy ◽  
Lauren L. Hord ◽  
Amanda J. Morgan ◽  
Steven B. Harrod
Keyword(s):  
Nicotine Exposure ◽  
Sucrose Reward ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Rat Offspring ◽  
Gestational Nicotine

The Effects of Volume of Sucrose Reward on Resistance to Extinction

1971 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. McCloskey ◽  
Tom N. Tombaugh
Keyword(s):  
Sucrose Reward ◽  
Resistance To Extinction

Different populations of subthalamic neurons encode cocaine vs. sucrose reward and predict future error

2013 ◽  
Vol 110 (7) ◽  
pp. 1497-1510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvie Lardeux ◽  
Dany Paleressompoulle ◽  
Remy Pernaud ◽  
Martine Cador ◽  
Christelle Baunez
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Error ◽  
Drugs Of Abuse ◽  
Cocaine Addiction ◽  
Sucrose Reward ◽  
Neuronal Populations ◽  
Reward Prediction ◽  
Reward Delivery ◽  
Natural Rewards ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Subthalamic Neurons

The search for treatment of cocaine addiction raises the challenge to find a way to diminish motivation for the drug without decreasing it for natural rewards. Subthalamic nucleus (STN) inactivation decreases motivation for cocaine while increasing motivation for food, suggesting that STN can dissociate different rewards. Here, we investigated how rat STN neurons respond to cues predicting cocaine or sucrose and to reward delivery while rats are performing a discriminative stimuli task. We show that different neuronal populations of STN neurons encode cocaine and sucrose. In addition, we show that STN activity at the cue onset predicts future error. When changing the reward predicted unexpectedly, STN neurons show capacities of adaptation, suggesting a role in reward-prediction error. Furthermore, some STN neurons show a response to executive error (i.e., “oops neurons”) that is specific to the missed reward. These results position the STN as a nexus where natural rewards and drugs of abuse are coded differentially and can influence the performance. Therefore, STN can be viewed as a structure where action could be taken for the treatment of cocaine addiction.

Activity of SH141716 on post-reinforcement pauses in operant responding for sucrose reward in rats

2001 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 641-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Pério ◽  
M.-c. Barnouin ◽  
M. Poncelet ◽  
P. Soubrié
Keyword(s):  
Sucrose Reward ◽  
Operant Responding

Priming and trial spacing in extinction: Effects on extinction performance, spontaneous recovery, and reinstatement in appetitive conditioning

2006 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 809-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik W. Moody ◽  
Ceyhun Sunsay ◽  
Mark E. Bouton
Keyword(s):  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Spontaneous Recovery ◽  
Appetitive Conditioning ◽  
Extinction Performance ◽  
Learning Mechanisms ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Spacing Effects ◽  
Trial Spacing ◽  
Short Itis

Previous research in this laboratory suggests that priming of the conditional stimulus (CS) in short-term memory may play a role in the trial-spacing effects in appetitive conditioning. For example, a nonreinforced presentation of a CS 60 s before a reinforced trial with the same CS produced slower acquisition than a CS presentation that occurred 240 s before the reinforced trial. The results were consistent with the self-generated priming mechanism proposed by Wagner (e.g., Wagner 1978, 1981). The present experiments extended the earlier work by examining the effects of trial spacing in extinction rather than acquisition. After conditioning with a mixture of intertrial intervals (ITIs), rats received extinction with ITIs of 60 or 240 s, longer or shorter values, or different ways of “chunking” extinction trials in time. Although trial spacing produced effects on extinction performance that were consistent with our previous research on acquisition, there were few long-term differences in spontaneous recovery or in reinstatement. Short ITIs in extinction appear to affect extinction performance more than they affect extinction learning. Mechanisms of trial spacing in conditioning and extinction are discussed.

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