scholarly journals Perception of the Ponzo illusion by rhesus monkeys, chimpanzees, and humans: Similarity and difference in the three primate species

1997 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 284-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuo Fujita
Keyword(s):  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Ponzo Illusion ◽  
Primate Species ◽  
Similarity And Difference

scholarly journals Susceptibility of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) to the Ponzo illusion

1983 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 476-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn A. L. Bayne ◽  
Roger T. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Macaca Mulatta ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Ponzo Illusion

Ah receptor in spleen of rodent and primate species: detection by binding of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 594-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eve A. Roberts ◽  
Lynn M. Vella ◽  
Cheryl L. Golas ◽  
Leslie A. Dafoe ◽  
Allan B. Okey
Keyword(s):  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Specific Binding ◽  
Velocity Sedimentation ◽  
Primate Species ◽  
Ah Receptor ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Wasting Syndrome ◽  
Specific Organ ◽  
Tetrachlorodibenzo P Dioxin ◽  
Tcdd Toxicity

In many species systemic toxicity of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is manifested by a generalized wasting syndrome accompanied by a variety of specific organ changes including atrophy of the thymus and spleen. TCDD toxicity in most tissues is thought to be mediated by the Ah receptor. Although the spleen is a prime target for TCDD toxicity, the possible presence of Ah receptor in the spleen has not previously been investigated. Specific binding of [3H]TCDD to Ah receptor in spleen cytosols was assessed by velocity sedimentation on sucrose gradients. Ah receptor was detected in spleen cytosols from adult Rhesus monkeys (mean ± SEM, 36 ± 8 fmol/mg cytosol protein), fetal Rhesus monkeys (9 ± 6), Sprague–Dawley rats (20 ± 5), C57BL/6J mice (18 ± 2), New Zealand white rabbits (19 ± 2), and Hartley guinea pigs (15 ± 2). Ah receptor was not detectable in spleen cytosol from genetically "nonresponsive" DBA/2J mice or from Golden Syrian hamsters, a species resistant to toxicity of TCDD. Molecular properties of Ah receptor from spleen were similar to those of the receptor from liver of the same species. The high Ah receptor content in spleen cytosols from those species that are most susceptible to TCDD toxicity is consistent with the view that the Ah receptor mediates TCDD toxicity in spleen as well as in other tissues.Key words: Ah receptor, 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, immunotoxicity, spleen.

In vitro pancreatic hormonal pulses are less regular and more frequent than in vivo

1991 ◽  
Vol 260 (3) ◽  
pp. E422-E429 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Goodner ◽  
D. J. Koerker ◽  
J. I. Stagner ◽  
E. Samols
Keyword(s):  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Phase Relationship ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
High Amplitude ◽  
Primate Species ◽  
Pulse Interval ◽  
Islet Hormones ◽  
Secretory System

Spontaneous in vivo cyclic secretion of insulin and glucagon displays a pulse interval of 10 +/- 0.3 (SE) min and a constant phase relationship in fasting rhesus monkeys. When pancreata from six normal rhesus monkeys were perfused in vitro, the insulin pulse interval averaged 6.3 +/- 0.23 (SE) min. Insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin displayed high-amplitude secretory pulses, and the average pulse interval did not differ among the three islet hormones. The islet pulses are less regular in vitro than in vivo, and the phase relationship among the three hormones is lost. The relative amplitude averaged 142 +/- 10, 110 +/- 18, and 81 +/- 11% of the mean hormone concentrations for insulin, somatostatin, and glucagon, respectively. Similar differences in secretory pattern were observed during perfusion of three baboon pancreata compared with the in vivo pattern in this second primate species. The data suggest that the frequency and phase relationship of the islet pulsatile secretory system is modulated by factors extrinsic to the pancreas in the intact nonhuman primate. The nature of these modulating factors remains to be established. The apparent phase independence of the three islet hormones suggests that each of the major endocrine cell types of the islet possess independent episodic secretory mechanisms.

scholarly journals Interest in non-social novel stimuli as a function of age in rhesus monkeys

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 182237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliza Bliss-Moreau ◽  
Mark G. Baxter
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Food Reward ◽  
Cognitive Capacity ◽  
Primate Species ◽  
Life Changes ◽  
Emotional Life ◽  
Social Stimuli ◽  
Social Novel ◽  
The Face

Human cognitive and affective life changes with healthy ageing; cognitive capacity declines while emotional life becomes more positive and social relationships are prioritized. This may reflect an awareness of limited lifetime unique to humans, leading to a greater interest in maintaining social relationships at the expense of the non-social world in the face of limited cognitive and physical resources. Alternately, fundamental biological processes common to other primate species may direct preferential interest in social stimuli with increasing age. Inspired by a recent study that described a sustained interest in social stimuli but diminished interest in non-social stimuli in aged Barbary macaques, we carried out a conceptual replication to test whether old rhesus monkeys lost interest in non-social stimuli. Male and female macaques ( Macaca mulatta ; N = 243) 4–30 years old were tested with a food puzzle outfitted with an activity monitor to evaluate their propensity to manipulate the puzzle in order to free a food reward. We found no indication that aged monkeys were less interested in the puzzle than young monkeys, nor were they less able to solve it.

Motor planning in primates

2012 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 244-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Weiss ◽  
Kate M. Chapman ◽  
Jason D. Wark ◽  
David A. Rosenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Tool Use ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Motor Planning ◽  
Primate Species ◽  
Goal Maintenance ◽  
Evolutionary Origins ◽  
Innovative Tool ◽  
Evolutionary Foundation

AbstractVaesen asks whether goal maintenance and planning ahead are critical for innovative tool use. We suggest that these aptitudes may have an evolutionary foundation in motor planning abilities that span all primate species. Anticipatory effects evidenced in the reaching behaviors of lemurs, tamarins, and rhesus monkeys similarly bear on the evolutionary origins of foresight as it pertains to tool use.

scholarly journals A safe method of handling rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta)

1969 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer M. O. Melvin ◽  
J. Swanson Beck
Keyword(s):  
Macaca Mulatta ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Experimental Techniques ◽  
Primate Species ◽  
Safe Method ◽  
Minimal Contact

A simple handling box for rhesus monkeys is described. It is easy to use and there is minimal contact between handler and monkey, thereby ensuring greater safety for personnel working with these animals than is found with other methods of handling. For minor procedures there is no need to sedate monkeys restrained in the box. The box can easily be adapted for use with other primate species and for the performance of a wide variety of experimental techniques.

Distribution of Clara cell secretory protein expression in the tracheobronchial airways of rhesus monkeys

2007 ◽  
Vol 292 (5) ◽  
pp. L1155-L1162 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. Coppens ◽  
Laura S. Van Winkle ◽  
Kent Pinkerton ◽  
Charles G. Plopper
Keyword(s):  
Airway Epithelium ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Secretory Protein ◽  
Clara Cell ◽  
Primate Species ◽  
Clara Cells ◽  
Western Blots ◽  
Clara Cell Secretory Protein

Clara cell secretory protein (CCSP) is a protective lung protein that is believed to have antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and anticarcinogenic properties; to be present in all adult mammals; and to be well conserved in rodents, humans, and nonhuman primates. The rationale for this study is to define the distribution and abundance of CCSP in the airway epithelium and lavage fluid of the adult rhesus monkey and to provide information for evaluating CCSP as a marker of Clara cells and as a biomarker of lung health. Lung tissue and lavage fluid from 3-yr-old rhesus monkeys were examined using histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Proximal bronchi, midlevel bronchi, and terminal/respiratory bronchioles were compared for immunohistochemical localization of CCSP in three-dimensional whole mounts as well as in paraffin and Araldite sections. Immunoreactive CCSP was found in nonciliated cells throughout the airway epithelium. Proximal and midlevel airways had the highest labeling. CCSP decreased in distal airways, and respiratory bronchioles had little to no CCSP. CCSP in the most distal airways was in tall cuboidal cells adjacent to the pulmonary artery. Although a large number of cells were present in the terminal bronchioles that would be classified as Clara cells based on morphology (nonciliated cells with apical protrusions), only a small number stained positively for immunoreactive CCSP. Semiquantitative analysis of Western blots indicated that changes in lavage CCSP are consistent with, and may be predictive of, overall CCSP levels in the airway epithelium in this primate species that is phylogenetically similar to humans.

scholarly journals Subsecond Timing in Primates: Comparison of Interval Production Between Human Subjects and Rhesus Monkeys

2009 ◽  
Vol 102 (6) ◽  
pp. 3191-3202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilbert Zarco ◽  
Hugo Merchant ◽  
Luis Prado ◽  
Juan Carlos Mendez
Keyword(s):  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Music Performance ◽  
Primate Species ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Scalar Property ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Push Button ◽  
Timing Variability ◽  
Interval Production

This study describes the psychometric similarities and differences in motor timing performance between 20 human subjects and three rhesus monkeys during two timing production tasks. These tasks involved tapping on a push-button to produce the same set of intervals (range of 450 to 1,000 ms), but they differed in the number of intervals produced (single vs. multiple) and the modality of the stimuli (auditory vs. visual) used to define the time intervals. The data showed that for both primate species, variability increased as a function of the length of the produced target interval across tasks, a result in accordance with the scalar property. Interestingly, the temporal performance of rhesus monkeys was equivalent to that of human subjects during both the production of single intervals and the tapping synchronization to a metronome. Overall, however, human subjects were more accurate than monkeys and showed less timing variability. This was especially true during the self-pacing phase of the multiple interval production task, a behavior that may be related to complex temporal cognition, such as speech and music execution. In addition, the well-known human bias toward auditory as opposed to visual cues for the accurate execution of time intervals was not evident in rhesus monkeys. These findings validate the rhesus monkey as an appropriate model for the study of the neural basis of time production, but also suggest that the exquisite temporal abilities of humans, which peak in speech and music performance, are not all shared with macaques.

The Growth of Herpesvirus mulatto in Human Fibroblast

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 244-245
Author(s):  
Glennelle Washington ◽  
Philip P. McGrath ◽  
Peter R. Graze ◽  
Ivor Royston
Keyword(s):  
Rhesus Monkey ◽  
Microscopic Study ◽  
Electron Microscopic Study ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Human Fibroblast ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Human Fibroblasts ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Specific Antisera ◽  
Peripheral Blood Leucocytes

Herpes-like viruses were isolated from rhesus monkey peripheral blood leucocytes when co-cultivated with WI-38 cells. The virus was originally designated rhesus leucocyte-associated herpesvirus (LAHV) and subsequently called Herpesvirus mulatta (HVM). The original isolations were from juvenile rhesus monkeys shown to be free of antibody to rhesus cytomegalic virus. The virus could only be propagated in human or simian fibroblasts. Use of specific antisera developed from HVM showed no relationship between this virus and other herpesviruses. An electron microscopic study was undertaken to determine the morphology of Herpesvirus mulatta (HVM) in infected human fibroblasts.

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