scholarly journals The shape of the vibrotactile loudness function: The effect of stimulus repetition and skin-contactor coupling

1994 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy A. Collins ◽  
Roger W. Cholewiak
Keyword(s):  
Stimulus Repetition ◽  
Loudness Function

The Effect of Stapedectomy on the Loudness of One’s Own Voice

1965 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Melnick
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ear ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Sound Energy ◽  
Loudness Function ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Increased Sensitivity

Five subjects with normal middle ear mechanisms, and otosclerotic patients, before and after stapedectomy, matched the loudness of their voices to the loudness of a 125-cps-sawtooth noise. The results showed loudness matching functions with gradual slopes, less than 1.00, for the normal subjects and the patients prior to stapedectomy. Post-surgically, the loudness function for the patients increased in steepness to considerably more than 1.00. These results are explained, most logically, in terms of increased sensitivity of the altered middle ear to sound energy generated by the listener’s own voice.

scholarly journals The steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) reflects the activation of cortical object representations: evidence from semantic stimulus repetition

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elise L. Radtke ◽  
Ulla Martens ◽  
Thomas Gruber
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Object Representation ◽  
Sensory Information ◽  
Familiar Object ◽  
Object Representations ◽  
Stimulus Repetition ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Repetition Suppression ◽  
Task Irrelevant ◽  
Visual Evoked

AbstractWe applied high-density EEG to examine steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEPs) during a perceptual/semantic stimulus repetition design. SSVEPs are evoked oscillatory cortical responses at the same frequency as visual stimuli flickered at this frequency. In repetition designs, stimuli are presented twice with the repetition being task irrelevant. The cortical processing of the second stimulus is commonly characterized by decreased neuronal activity (repetition suppression). The behavioral consequences of stimulus repetition were examined in a companion reaction time pre-study using the same experimental design as the EEG study. During the first presentation of a stimulus, we confronted participants with drawings of familiar object images or object words, respectively. The second stimulus was either a repetition of the same object image (perceptual repetition; PR) or an image depicting the word presented during the first presentation (semantic repetition; SR)—all flickered at 15 Hz to elicit SSVEPs. The behavioral study revealed priming effects in both experimental conditions (PR and SR). In the EEG, PR was associated with repetition suppression of SSVEP amplitudes at left occipital and repetition enhancement at left temporal electrodes. In contrast, SR was associated with SSVEP suppression at left occipital and central electrodes originating in bilateral postcentral and occipital gyri, right middle frontal and right temporal gyrus. The conclusion of the presented study is twofold. First, SSVEP amplitudes do not only index perceptual aspects of incoming sensory information but also semantic aspects of cortical object representation. Second, our electrophysiological findings can be interpreted as neuronal underpinnings of perceptual and semantic priming.

Magnitude of the Standard, Numerical Value of the Standard, and Stimulus Spacing in the Estimation of Loudness

1965 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Beck ◽  
William A. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Loudness Function ◽  
Stimulus Spacing

Experiments studied magnitude estimations of loudness as a function of the magnitude of the standard, the numerical value of the standard and the stimulus spacing. The results indicate that (a) the magnitude and numerical value of the standard may have marked effects on the judgment of loudnesses and (b) the distribution of the stimuli does not produce notable effects in the over-all form of the loudness function. Several possible sources of bias were investigated.

Magnitude Estimation of Loudness I Application to Hearing Aid Selection

1984 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Geller ◽  
Robert H. Margolis
Keyword(s):  
Magnitude Estimation ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Hearing Impaired ◽  
Octave Band ◽  
Loudness Function ◽  
Comfortable Loudness ◽  
Tonal Stimuli

Three experiments were conducted to explore the utility of magnitude estimation of loudness for hearing aid selection. In Experiment 1 the loudness discomfort level (LDL), most comfortable loudness (MCL), and magnitude estimations (MEs) of loudness were obtained from normal-hearing subjects. MCLs fell within a range of loudnesses that was relatively low on the loudness function. The LDLs were lower than previously published values. Experiment 2 was performed to identify the source of disparity between our LDL data and previously reported results. The effects of instructions are demonstrated and discussed. In Experiment 3 magnitude estimations of loudness were used to determine the loudness of tonal stimuli selected to represent ⅓ octave band levels of speech. Over the 500–4000 Hz range, the contributions of the various frequency regions to the loudness of speech appears to be nearly constant. Methods are proposed for (a) predicting the frequency-gain response of a hearing aid that restores normal loudness for speech for the hearing-impaired listener and (b) psychophysically evaluating the compression characteristic of a hearing aid.

Psychology: Rate of stimulus repetition changes evoked potential amplitude: dental and auditory modalities compared

Pain ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 201
Author(s):  
C. R. Chapman ◽  
Y. H. Colpitts ◽  
J. K. Mayeno ◽  
G. J. Gagliardi
Keyword(s):  
Evoked Potential ◽  
Stimulus Repetition ◽  
Potential Amplitude

scholarly journals Subjective Duration as a Signature of Coding Efficiency: Emerging Links Among Stimulus Repetition, Predictive Coding, and Cortical GABA Levels

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Matthews ◽  
Devin B. Terhune ◽  
Hedderik van Rijn ◽  
David M. Eagleman ◽  
Marc A. Sommer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Coding ◽  
Stimulus Repetition ◽  
Subjective Duration ◽  
Coding Efficiency

scholarly journals Acoustic reflex measurements and the loudness function in sensorineural hearing loss

1980 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheila Uliel
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Acoustic Impedance ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Acoustic Reflex ◽  
Reflex Responses ◽  
Loudness Function ◽  
The Individual

The suprathreshold acoustic reflex responses of forty two ears affected by sensorineural hearing loss of cochlear origin and fifty-eight ears demonstrating normal hearing, were recorded by means of an electro-acoustic impedance meter and attached X-Y recorder. The recordings were done in ascending and descending fashion,  at successively increasing and decreasing 5dB intensity levels from 90-120-90 dB HL respectively, for the individual pure-tone frequencies of 500, 1 000, 2 000 and 4 000 Hz. The contralateral mode of measurement was employed. Analysis of  these recordings indicated that the acoustic reflex  responses could be differentiated into five  characteristic patterns of  growth, which could be depicted upon a continuum of peaked, peaked-rounded, rounded, rounded-flat,  and flat  shapes. The peaked and peaked-rounded patterns were found  to predominate at all four pure-tone frequencies  in the normal ears, while the rounded-fiat  and flat  patterns were found  to predominate only at the higher pure-tone frequencies of 2 000 and 4 000 Hz in the ears affected  by sensorineural hearing loss. This latter relationship was also able to be applied to two disorders of  the loudness functio— loudness recruitment and hyperacusis. It was concluded that the flattened  acoustic reflex  patterns at the higher pure-tone frequencies  constituted a potential diagnostic cue related to the differential  diagnosis of sensorineural hearing loss, and to disorders of  the loudness function.

Repeatability of the Intensity Dependence of Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials in the Assessment of Cortical Information Processing

Cephalalgia ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 873-879 ◽  
Author(s):  
PS Sándor ◽  
KI Roon ◽  
MD Ferrari ◽  
JG van Dijk ◽  
J Schoenen
Keyword(s):  
Repetition Rate ◽  
Auditory Evoked Potentials ◽  
Order Effect ◽  
Stimulus Repetition ◽  
Intensity Dependence ◽  
Low Pass ◽  
Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials ◽  
Stimulus Repetition Rate ◽  
Low Pass Filters ◽  
Cortical Information Processing

Data on repeatability and optimal settings are needed when studying the influence of drugs on the intensity dependence of auditory evoked cortical potentials (IDAP). IDAP was recorded at intervals of 1, 2, and 24 h at two centers in 22 healthy volunteers. Settings were modified to compare fixed versus randomly varied stimulus repetition rate, as well as 30 Hz and 100 Hz low pass filters. Repeatability was assessed for different intervals and different settings. Group means did not differ between centers, the 2-h or 24-h retest, or when using different settings. We observed an order effect for the 1 h retest. Fixed repetition rate and the 30 Hz filter improved repeatability with still high intraindividual variability. IDAP group means can be compared between centers for retest intervals of 2 h and 24 h and different settings. Variability is too large to compare individuals.

Cue enhancement by stimulus repetition: Natural and synthetic speech comparisons

1985 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 458-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E. Clark ◽  
P. Dermody ◽  
Sallyanne Palethorpe
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Speech ◽  
Stimulus Repetition ◽  
Natural And Synthetic
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