scholarly journals Recall of short word lists presented visually at fast rates: Effects of phonological similarity and word length

1998 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 330-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronika Coltheart ◽  
Robyn Langdon
Keyword(s):  
Word Length ◽  
Phonological Similarity ◽  
Short Word ◽  
Word Lists ◽  
Fast Rates

scholarly journals Short Word-Length Entering Compressive Sensing Domain: Improved Energy Efficiency in Wireless Sensor Networks

Information ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 415
Author(s):  
Nuha A. S. Alwan ◽  
Zahir M. Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Compressive Sensing ◽  
Word Length ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Fusion Center ◽  
Short Word ◽  
Sigma Delta Modulation ◽  
Sigma Delta ◽  
Delta Modulation

This work combines compressive sensing and short word-length techniques to achieve localization and target tracking in wireless sensor networks with energy-efficient communication between the network anchors and the fusion center. Gradient descent localization is performed using time-of-arrival (TOA) data which are indicative of the distance between anchors and the target thereby achieving range-based localization. The short word-length techniques considered are delta modulation and sigma-delta modulation. The energy efficiency is due to the reduction of the data volume transmitted from anchors to the fusion center by employing any of the two delta modulation variants with compressive sensing techniques. Delta modulation allows the transmission of one bit per TOA sample. The communication energy efficiency is increased by RⱮ, R ≥ 1, where R is the sample reduction ratio of compressive sensing, and Ɱ is the number of bits originally present in a TOA-sample word. It is found that the localization system involving sigma-delta modulation has a superior performance to that using delta-modulation or pure compressive sampling alone, in terms of both energy efficiency and localization error in the presence of TOA measurement noise and transmission noise, owing to the noise shaping property of sigma-delta modulation.

scholarly journals Verbal Short-Term Memory and Motor Speech Processes in Broca’s Aphasia

1995 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Goerlich ◽  
I. Daum ◽  
I. Hertrich ◽  
H. Ackermann
Keyword(s):  
Word Length ◽  
Articulatory Suppression ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Speech Rate ◽  
Phonological Similarity ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Motor Speech ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Broca’S Aphasia

The present study investigated the relationship between verbal short-term memory and motor speech processes in healthy control subjects and five patients suffering from Broca's aphasia. Control subjects showed a phonological similarity effect, a word length effect and an articulatory suppression effect, supporting the hypothesis of a phonological store and an articulatory loop component of short-term memory. A similar effect of phonological similarity was observed in the aphasic patients, while the effects of word length and articulatory suppression were reduced. In control subjects, measures of short-term memory were correlated to measures of motor speech rate only if speech rate was assessed in more complex conditions (such as sentence rather than syllable repetition). There was also evidence of an association of speech impairment and short-term memory deficits in the aphasic patients.

The Relations of Stuttering to Word Length and Word Frequency

1966 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 584-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
George A. Soderberg
Keyword(s):  
Word Frequency ◽  
Word Length ◽  
Grammatical Function ◽  
Word Lists

Twenty stutterers recorded nine 10-word lists in the presence of a single listener. The word lists were composed of combinations of three levels of word length and three levels of word frequency. An attempt was made to equate the word lists for stress of initial syllables, grammatical function, and initial sounds of words. The results agree with those of previous studies that have found a significantly greater frequency of stuttering to be associated with increases of word length and decreases of word frequency. However, the findings suggested that word length was the more potent of the two variables in effect on the frequency of stuttering.

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