scholarly journals Verbal labeling as an assimilation mnemonic for abstract visual stimuli: The sample case of recognition memory for Chinese characters

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 795-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Verhaeghen ◽  
Tibor Palfai ◽  
Michael P. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
Chinese Characters ◽  
Sample Case

Semantic Congruency Improves Recognition Memory Performance for Both Audiovisual and Visual Stimuli

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 763-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenni Heikkilä ◽  
Kimmo Alho ◽  
Kaisa Tiippana
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Congruency Effect ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
The Other ◽  
Memory Encoding ◽  
Semantic Congruency ◽  
Recognition Memory Performance ◽  
Visual Encoding ◽  
Per Se

Audiovisual semantic congruency during memory encoding has been shown to facilitate later recognition memory performance. However, it is still unclear whether this improvement is due to multisensory semantic congruency or just semantic congruencyper se. We investigated whether dual visual encoding facilitates recognition memory in the same way as audiovisual encoding. The participants memorized auditory or visual stimuli paired with a semantically congruent, incongruent or non-semantic stimulus in the same modality or in the other modality during encoding. Subsequent recognition memory performance was better when the stimulus was initially paired with a semantically congruent stimulus than when it was paired with a non-semantic stimulus. This congruency effect was observed with both audiovisual and dual visual stimuli. The present results indicate that not only multisensory but also unisensory semantically congruent stimuli can improve memory performance. Thus, the semantic congruency effect is not solely a multisensory phenomenon, as has been suggested previously.

Face-Processing Impairments and the Capgras Delusion

1993 ◽  
Vol 162 (5) ◽  
pp. 695-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew W. Young ◽  
Ian Reid ◽  
Simon Wright ◽  
Deborah J. Hellawell
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Face Processing ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Emotional Facial Expressions ◽  
Capgras Delusion ◽  
Unfamiliar Faces

Investigations of two cases of the Capgras delusion found that both patients showed face-processing impairments encompassing identification of familiar faces, recognition of emotional facial expressions, and matching of unfamiliar faces. In neither case was there any impairment of recognition memory for words. These findings are consistent with the idea that the basis of the Capgras delusion lies in damage to neuro-anatomical pathways responsible for appropriate emotional reactions to familiar visual stimuli. The delusion would then represent the patient's attempt to make sense of the fact that these visual stimuli no longer have appropriate affective significance.

Kanji Perception and Brain Function

2013 ◽  
pp. 266-273
Author(s):  
Ichiro Shimoyama ◽  
Hitoshi Shimada ◽  
Toshiaki Ninchoji
Keyword(s):  
Visual Perception ◽  
Evoked Potentials ◽  
Visual Evoked Potentials ◽  
Semantic Processing ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
Chinese Characters ◽  
Native Japanese Speakers ◽  
Temporal Lobes ◽  
Occipital Lobes ◽  
Multiple Analysis

The semantic processing involved in the visual perception of Chinese characters (Kanji) was studied using electroencephalograms. Thirty concrete Kanji, 30 absolute Kanji and a closed circle were used in a tachistoscopic presentation, wherein one character or a circle was displayed at random for 35 ms, and visual evoked potentials were recorded. The test subjects were11 native Japanese speakers. The concrete Kanji were familiar objects and highly imaginable characters such as a dog, a cat, a cow, etc. The absolute Kanji were familiar Kanji but represented concepts that are difficult to imagine, such as nothing, what, existing, et cetera. P100, N160, P230, and N320 were noted on the evoked potentials. The bilateral posterior temporal lobes and the bilateral occipital lobes were activated for the concrete Kanji at approximately 320ms after the onset of the visual stimuli (P<0.001 by multiple analysis of variance).

Differences in olfactory and visual memory in patients with pathologically confirmed Alzheimer's disease and the Lewy body variant of Alzheimer's disease

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 835-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
PAUL E. GILBERT ◽  
P. JOYCE BARR ◽  
CLAIRE MURPHY
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Lewy Body ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
Remote Memory ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Olfactory Stimuli ◽  
Lewy Body Variant

Recognition and remote memory for odors, faces, and symbols were assessed in patients with pathologically confirmed Lewy body variant of Alzheimer's disease (LBV), patients with pathologically confirmed Alzheimer's disease (AD), and healthy elderly controls. On recognition memory tasks, LBV and AD patients showed significantly lower discriminability (d′) than controls, particularly for olfactory stimuli. However no significant differences were found in the bias measure (c). When participants rated familiarity (a proposed measure of remote memory) of olfactory stimuli LBV and AD patients reported significantly lower familiarity than controls. Familiarity ratings were significantly lower in LBV patients than in AD patients for olfactory, but not for visual stimuli. Consistent with prior reports, the LBV patients showed significantly poorer odor thresholds than AD patients. The results suggest that recognition memory for olfactory stimuli is impaired in LBV and AD. However, patients with LBV are more impaired than patients with AD on tasks requiring remote memory for olfactory but not visual stimuli. The findings suggest that odor memory tasks may be useful in the assessment of LBV and AD. (JINS, 2004, 10, 835–842.)

scholarly journals Reduplication of Visual Stimuli

1994 ◽  
Vol 7 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 135-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. W. Young ◽  
D. J. Hellawell ◽  
S. Wright ◽  
H. D. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Visual System ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
Auditory Stimuli ◽  
Emotional Facial Expressions ◽  
Visual Problem

Investigation of P.T., a man who experienced reduplicative delusions, revealed significant impairments on tests of recognition memory for faces and understanding of emotional facial expressions. On formal tests of his recognition abilities, P.T. showed reduplication to familiar faces, buildings, and written names, but not to familiar voices. Reduplication may therefore have been a genuinely visual problem in P.T.'s case, since it was not found to auditory stimuli. This is consistent with hypotheses which propose that the basis of reduplication can lie in part in malfunction of the visual system.

scholarly journals Semantically Congruent Visual Information Can Improve Auditory Recognition Memory in Older Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 213-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenni Heikkilä ◽  
Petra Fagerlund ◽  
Kaisa Tiippana
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Sensory Modality ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Auditory Stimuli ◽  
Auditory Recognition ◽  
Spoken Words

In the course of normal aging, memory functions show signs of impairment. Studies of memory in the elderly have previously focused on a single sensory modality, although multisensory encoding has been shown to improve memory performance in children and young adults. In this study, we investigated how audiovisual encoding affects auditory recognition memory in older (mean age 71 years) and younger (mean age 23 years) adults. Participants memorized auditory stimuli (sounds, spoken words) presented either alone or with semantically congruent visual stimuli (pictures, text) during encoding. Subsequent recognition memory performance of auditory stimuli was better for stimuli initially presented together with visual stimuli than for auditory stimuli presented alone during encoding. This facilitation was observed both in older and younger participants, while the overall memory performance was poorer in older participants. However, the pattern of facilitation was influenced by age. When encoding spoken words, the gain was greater for older adults. When encoding sounds, the gain was greater for younger adults. These findings show that semantically congruent audiovisual encoding improves memory performance in late adulthood, particularly for auditory verbal material.

The Effect of Visuo-Spatial Organisation in Recognition-Memory Tasks

Perception ◽  
10.1068/p6095 ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 763-774
Author(s):  
Laura Petrini ◽  
Kristian Hennings ◽  
Lars Arendt-Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
Spatial Task ◽  
Verbal Task ◽  
Verbal Information ◽  
Spatial Organisation ◽  
Male Volunteers ◽  
Stimulus Probe ◽  
Left And Right

We investigated whether recognition memory benefits when stimuli are organised in a visuo-spatial array. Three different memory tasks were compared: (a) verbal task (what); (b) spatial task (where); (c) combination task, where both verbal and spatial informations were combined together (what/where). We hypothesised that when visual stimuli are organised in a spatial array the recognition is better. Recognition memory was assessed by quantifying the speed of correct responses and the total number of correct responses in a group of male volunteers ( N = 20). Subjects' task was to recognise a stimulus probe from sequences (one versus three) of stimuli. All stimuli appeared randomly in one of nine locations on a 3 × 3 grid. The results show that subjects were faster and more accurate when they had to recognise only spatial information (where) than when they had to recognise verbal information (what) or the combination of both verbal and spatial information (what/where). Additionally, when the stimuli were presented in a spatial array there were benefits for the spatial task, whilst verbal and combination tasks were unaffected. Additionally, asymmetry between left and right hemifields has been found. These findings are discussed with regard to different memory processes that operate independently.

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