Postural Sway in Patients with Parkinson Disease-Stabilometry and Factor Analysis.

1998 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 556-565
Author(s):  
Mitsuhiro Mori ◽  
Takashi Tokita ◽  
Tsuyoshi Okawa ◽  
Yasunari Shibata ◽  
Hideo Miyata
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
Postural Sway

scholarly journals Balance and Gait Represent Independent Domains of Mobility in Parkinson Disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (9) ◽  
pp. 1364-1371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fay B. Horak ◽  
Martina Mancini ◽  
Patricia Carlson-Kuhta ◽  
John G. Nutt ◽  
Arash Salarian
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Neural Control ◽  
Postural Sway ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Trunk Motion ◽  
Step Initiation ◽  
Sway Frequency

Abstract Background The Instrumented Stand and Walk (ISAW) test, which includes 30 seconds of stance, step initiation, gait, and turning, results in many objective balance and gait metrics from body-worn inertial sensors. However, it is not clear which metrics provide independent information about mobility. Objective It was hypothesized that balance and gait represent several independent domains of mobility and that not all domains would be abnormal in individuals with Parkinson disease (PD) or would change with levodopa therapy. Design This was a cross-sectional study. Methods A factor analysis approach was used to identify independent measures of mobility extracted from the ISAW in 100 participants with PD and 21 control participants. First, a covariance analysis showed that postural sway measures were independent of gait measures. Then, the factor analysis revealed 6 independent factors (mobility domains: sway area, sway frequency, arm swing asymmetry, trunk motion during gait, gait speed, and cadence) that accounted for 87% of the variance of performance across participants. Results Sway area, gait speed, and trunk motion differed between the PD group in the off-levodopa state and the control group, but sway frequency (but not sway area) differed between the PD group in the off-levodopa state and the control group. Four of the 6 factors changed significantly with levodopa (off to on): sway area, sway frequency, trunk motion during gait, and cadence. When participants were on levodopa, the sway area increased compared with off levodopa, becoming more abnormal, whereas the other 3 significant metrics moved toward, but did not reach, the healthy control values. Limitations Exploratory factor analysis was limited to the PD population. Conclusions The different sensitivity various balance and gait domains to PD and to levodopa also support neural control of at least 6 independent mobility domains, each of which warrants clinical assessment for impairments in mobility.

Patterns of striatal dopamine depletion in early Parkinson disease

Neurology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. e280-e290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seok Jong Chung ◽  
Hye Sun Lee ◽  
Han Soo Yoo ◽  
Yang Hyun Lee ◽  
Phil Hyu Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Freezing Of Gait ◽  
Striatal Dopamine ◽  
Dopamine Depletion ◽  
Wearing Off ◽  
Striatal Dopamine Depletion ◽  
Selective Dopamine

ObjectiveTo investigate whether the patterns of striatal dopamine depletion on dopamine transporter (DAT) scans could provide information on the long-term prognosis in Parkinson disease (PD).MethodsWe enrolled 205 drug-naive patients with early-stage PD, who underwent 18F-FP-CIT PET scans at initial assessment and received PD medications for 3 or more years. After quantifying the DAT availability in each striatal subregion, factor analysis was conducted to simplify the identification of striatal dopamine depletion patterns and to yield 4 striatal subregion factors. We assessed the effect of these factors on the development of levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID), wearing-off, freezing of gait (FOG), and dementia during the follow-up period (6.84 ± 1.80 years).ResultsThe 4 factors indicated which striatal subregions were relatively preserved: factor 1 (caudate), factor 2 (more-affected sensorimotor striatum), factor 3 (less-affected sensorimotor striatum), and factor 4 (anterior putamen). Cox regression analyses using the composite scores of these striatal subregion factors as covariates demonstrated that selective dopamine depletion in the sensorimotor striatum was associated with a higher risk for developing LID. Selective dopamine loss in the putamen, particularly in the anterior putamen, was associated with early development of wearing-off. Selective involvement of the anterior putamen was associated with a higher risk for dementia conversion. However, the patterns of striatal dopamine depletion did not affect the risk of FOG.ConclusionsThese findings suggested that the patterns of striatal dopaminergic denervation, which were estimated by the equation derived from the factor analysis, have a prognostic implication in patients with early-stage PD.

scholarly journals Postural Sway in Patients with Parkinson Disease. Sway Pattern on Statokinesigram.

1998 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuhiro Mori ◽  
Takashi Tokita ◽  
Tsuyoshi Okawa ◽  
Yasunari Shibata ◽  
Hideo Miyata
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
Postural Sway

Forward and backward walking in Parkinson disease: A factor analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 14-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greydon Gilmore ◽  
Arnaud Gouelle ◽  
Mitchell B. Adamson ◽  
Marcus Pieterman ◽  
Mandar Jog
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
Backward Walking

scholarly journals An Exploration of Apathy and Impulsivity in Parkinson Disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Ahearn ◽  
Kathryn McDonald ◽  
Michelle Barraclough ◽  
Iracema Leroi
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
Symptom Onset ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Future Orientation ◽  
Motor Symptom ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Security Planning ◽  
Clinically Significant

Background. Apathy and impulsivity in Parkinson disease (PD) are associated with clinically significant behavioral disorders.Aim. To explore the phenomenology, distribution, and clinical correlates of these two behaviors.Methods. In PD participants (n=99) without dementia we explored the distribution of measures of motivation and impulsivity using univariate methods. We then undertook factor analysis to define specific underlying dimensions of apathy and impulsivity. Regression models were developed to determine the associated demographic and clinical features of the derived dimensions.Results. The factor analysis of apathy (AES-C) revealed a two-factor solution: “cognitive-behavior” and “social indifference”. The factor analysis of impulsivity (BIS-11) revealed a five-factor solution: “inattention”; “impetuosity”; “personal security”; “planning”; and “future orientation”. Apathy was significantly associated with: age, age of motor symptom onset (positive correlation), disease stage, motor symptom severity, and depression. Impulsivity was significantly associated with: age of motor symptom onset (negative correlation), gambling and anxiety scores, and motor complications. We observed an overlap of apathy and impulsivity in some participants.Conclusion. In PD, apathy and impulsivity have specific phenomenological profiles and are associated with particular clinical phenotypes. In spite of this, there is some overlap of behaviors which may suggests common aspects in the pathology underlying motivation and reward processes.

scholarly journals Postural Sway in Patients with Parkinson Disease. Learning and Evaluation with Neural Networks.

1998 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-420
Author(s):  
Mitsuhiro Mori ◽  
Takashi Tokita ◽  
Tsuyoshi Okawa ◽  
Yasunari Shibata ◽  
Hideo Miyata
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
Postural Sway

Reliability and validity of the Sway Balance mobile application for measurement of postural sway in people with Parkinson disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Connie L. Fiems ◽  
Eric L. Dugan ◽  
Elizabeth S. Moore ◽  
Stephanie A. Combs-Miller
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Postural Sway ◽  
Reliability And Validity

External Focus Instructions Reduce Postural Instability in Individuals With Parkinson Disease

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Wulf ◽  
Merrill Landers ◽  
Rebecca Lewthwaite ◽  
Thomas Toöllner
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
Postural Sway ◽  
Attentional Focus ◽  
Postural Instability ◽  
External Focus ◽  
Unstable Surface ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Internal Focus ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
And Control

BackgroundPostural instability while standing, walking, and interacting with objects or the environment places individuals with Parkinson disease (PD) at risk for falls, injuries, and self-imposed restrictions in activity. Recent research with motor skills, including those demanding postural stability, has demonstrated performance and learning advantages when performers are instructed to adopt an external rather than an internal focus of attention. Despite the potential benefits in stability-related risk reduction and enhanced movement effectiveness, attentional focus research in individuals challenged with postural instability is limited.ObjectiveThe present translational research study examined the generalizability of the attentional focus effect to balance in older adults with PD.DesignA within-participant design was used to account for potentially substantial individual variations in balancing capabilities.MethodsFourteen participants diagnosed with idiopathic PD (Hoehn and Yahr stages II and III) participated in the experiment. They were asked to balance on an unstable surface (inflated rubber disk). In counterbalanced orders, they were instructed to focus on reducing movements of their feet (internal focus) or the disk (external focus), or they were not given attentional focus instructions (control).ResultsThe adoption of an external focus resulted in less postural sway relative to both internal focus and control conditions. There was no difference between the internal focus and control conditions.LimitationsMental functioning was not formally assessed, and comprehensive clinical profiles of participants were not obtained.ConclusionsThe results are consistent with previous findings on attentional focus in samples of patients and people without disabilities. Subtle wording distinctions that direct attention to movement effects external to the mover reduce postural instability during standing for individuals with PD relative to an internal focus. The findings have potentially important implications for instructions given by clinicians and the reduction of fall risk.

Diagnostic Validity and Factor Analysis of Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale in Parkinson Disease Population

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tharini Ketharanathan ◽  
Raveen Hanwella ◽  
Rajiv Weerasundera ◽  
Varuni Asanka de Silva
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Diagnostic Validity
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