scholarly journals Efectos de un protocolo de ayuno intermitente sobre la composición corporal y perfil lipídico en estudiantes universitarios

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-164
Author(s):  
Víctor Toro Román ◽  
Diego Muñoz Marín ◽  
Jesús Siquier Coll ◽  
Ignacio Bartolomé Sánchez ◽  
Julio Montero Arroyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Fasting Protocol ◽  
Estudiantes Universitarios

El ayuno intermitente es una estrategia nutricional de creciente interés para el control del peso y mejora de la salud metabólica. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el efecto de un protocolo de ayuno intermitente sobre la composición corporal, perfil lipídico y los biomarcadores de riesgo cardiovascular en estudiantes universitarios. En este estudio experimental participaron 30 sujetos varones y fueron divididos aleatoriamente en dos grupos, 15 sujetos constituían el grupo experimental (GE) (edad: 20,83±0,98 años) y 15 el grupo control (GC) (edad: 23,71±5,55 años). El GE realizó un protocolo de ayuno 16/8, dieciséis horas de ayuno y ocho horas de ingesta calórica sin limitaciones, dos días consecutivos a la semana durante cinco semanas. Se evaluó la composición corporal, la ingesta calórica, el perfil lipídico y los biomarcadores del riesgo cardiovascular al inicio, mitad y final del protocolo. Se observaron descensos significativos en el GE en pliegues cutáneos, perímetro cintura, porcentaje de grasa, perfil lipídico y biomarcadores del riesgo cardiovascular en comparación con GC (p<0,05). Se encontraron incrementos significativos en la ingesta de colesterol y ácidos grasos poliinsaturados en el GE al final del estudio (p<0,05). Se observaron descensos en el colesterol total, triglicéridos, lipoproteínas de baja densidad y biomarcadores del riesgo cardiovascular a lo largo del protocolo en el GE (p<0,05). Un protocolo de ayuno intermitente 16/8, dos días consecutivos por semana, durante cinco semanas, parece efectivo para mejorar parámetros de composición corporal y perfil lipídico, así como para mejorar los biomarcadores relacionados con el riesgo cardiovascular. Intermittent fasting is a nutritional strategy of high interest in weight control and improvement of metabolic health. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of an intermittent fasting protocol on body composition, lipid profile and biomarkers of cardiovascular risk in university students. In this experimental study thirty male subjects participated and were randomly divided into two groups; fifteen subjects constituted the experimental group (GE) (age: 20.83 ± 0.98 years) and fifteen the control group (GC) (age: 23.71 ± 5.55 years). The GE performed a fasting protocol 16/8, sixteen hours of fasting and eight hours of caloric intake without limitations, two consecutive days per week for five weeks. Body composition, calorie intake, lipid profile and biomarkers of cardiovascular risk were evaluated at the beginning, middle and at the end of the protocol. Significant decreases were found in GE in skinfolds, waist perimeter, % fat, lipid profile and biomarkers of cardiovascular risk as compared to GC (p <0.05). There were significant increases in the intake of cholesterol and polyunsaturated fatty acids in the GE at the end of the study (p <0.05). There were decreases in total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoproteins, and biomarkers of cardiovascular risk throughout the study in GE (p<0.05). An intermittent fasting protocol 16/8, two consecutive days per week, for five weeks, seems effective to improve parameters of body composition and lipid profile, as well as to improving biomarkers related to cardiovascular risk

scholarly journals Assessment of the Body Composition and Parameters of the Cardiovascular Risk in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Jednacz ◽  
Lidia Rutkowska-Sak
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage

The study was aimed to evaluate cardiovascular risk parameters, body mass index (BMI) centiles for sex and age, and body fat percentage using the electric bioimpedance method in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). 30 children with JIA participated in the study. A control group included 20 children. Patients were well matched for the age and sex. The body mass and body fat percentage were determined using the segmental body composition analyser; the BMI centiles were determined. All patients had the following parameters determined: lipid profile, hsCRP, homocysteine, and IL-6. The intima media thickness (IMT) was measured. Patients with JIA had significantly lower body weight, BMI, and the BMI centile compared to the control group. The IL-6 levels were significantly higher in patients with JIA compared to the control group. There were no differences between two groups with regard to the lipid profile, % content of the fat tissue, homocysteine levels, hsCRP, and IMT. Further studies are necessary to search for reasons for lower BMI and BMI centile in children with JIA and to attempt to answer the question of whether lower BMI increases the cardiovascular risk in these patients, similarly as in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Beneficial effects of an intradialytic cycling training program in patients with end-stage kidney disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 550-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carole Groussard ◽  
Myriam Rouchon-Isnard ◽  
Céline Coutard ◽  
Fanny Romain ◽  
Ludivine Malardé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Cycling Training ◽  
Training Protocol

In chronic kidney disease (CKD), oxidative stress (OS) plays a central role in the development of cardiovascular diseases. This pilot program aimed to determine whether an intradialytic aerobic cycling training protocol, by increasing physical fitness, could reduce OS and improve other CKD-related disorders such as altered body composition and lipid profile. Eighteen hemodialysis patients were randomly assigned to either an intradialytic training (cycling: 30 min, 55%–60% peak power, 3 days/week) group (EX; n = 8) or a control group (CON; n = 10) for 3 months. Body composition (from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), physical fitness (peak oxygen uptake and the 6-minute walk test (6MWT)), lipid profile (triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)), and pro/antioxidant status (15-F2α-isoprostanes (F2-IsoP) and oxidized LDL in plasma; superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and reduced/oxidized glutathione in erythrocytes) were determined at baseline and 3 months later. The intradialytic training protocol did not modify body composition but had significant effects on physical fitness, lipid profile, and pro/antioxidant status. Indeed, at 3 months: (i) performance on the 6MWT was increased in EX (+23.4%, p < 0.001) but did not change in CON, (ii) plasma TG were reduced in EX (–23%, p < 0.03) but were not modified in CON, and (iii) plasma F2-IsoP concentrations were lower in EX than in CON (–35.7%, p = 0.02). In conclusion, our results show that 30 min of intradialytic training, 3 times per week for 3 months, are enough to exert beneficial effects on the most sensitive and reliable marker of lipid peroxidation (IsoP) while improving CKD-associated disorders (lipid profile and physical fitness). Intradialytic aerobic cycling training represents a useful and easy strategy to reduce CKD-associated disorders. These results need to be confirmed with a larger randomized study.

scholarly journals The Effect of Pilates Training on Body Composition, Lipid Profile, and Serum 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D Levels in Inactive Overweight Women

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mojdeh Khajehlandi ◽  
Robabeh Mohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Overweight Women ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
25 Hydroxy Vitamin D

Background: The increasing prevalence of overweight and related diseases has gained more scientific attention. Overweight and obesity are known as a threat to health, and low serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels is associated with obesity. Objectives: Therefore, we examined the effect of Pilates training on body composition, lipid profile, and serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels in inactive overweight women. Methods: In this clinical study, 28 overweight women were randomly divided into a training group (n = 14) and a control group (n = 14). Pilates training was performed three 60-min sessions during 12 weeks. In two stages, blood samples were collected 48 hours before and after the last protocol exercise training session. During the 12 weeks, the control group had no exercise training. For analyzing within- and between-group changes, paired t-test and ANCOVA with the significant level of P < 0.05 were used, respectively. Results: After 12 weeks of Pilates training in the training group compared to the control group, there was a significant decrease in the body mass index (P = 0.005), cholesterol (P = 0.001) and triglyceride (P = 0.001) values, and serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels (P = 0.005), while high-density lipoprotein (P = 0.028) increased significantly. However, no significant change was observed in low-density lipoprotein levels (P = 0.435). Conclusions: According to the results, it can be indicated that 12 weeks of Pilates training have improved serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels, changed anthropometry, and lipid profile in inactive overweight women.

scholarly journals Lipid profile of Wistar rats fed normolipid diets with different fatty acid profiles / Perfil lipídico de ratos Wistar submetidos a dietas normolipídicas com diferentes perfis de ácidos graxos

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 121398-121411
Author(s):  
Thaís de Souza Oliveira ◽  
Edgar Willibaldo Allebrandt Neto ◽  
Wanessa Costa Silva Faria ◽  
Natalino Francisco da Silva ◽  
Josete Maria da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Adipose Tissues

The development of cardiovascular diseases is characterized by changes in the blood lipid profile, among other factors, which are closely related to the population's eating habits. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the effects of diets with different lipid sources on the lipid profile of Wistar rats. Forty male and adult rats were used, divided into 5 groups (control - 7% soybean oil, CA - 7% canola oil, CO - 7% coconut oil, SO - 7% sunflower oil and LD - 7% lard) and fed normolipidic diets for 30 days. The variables food consumption, weight gain, weight of organs and adipose tissues, blood glucose, lipid profile and cardiovascular risk indicators in the experimental groups were evaluated in the study. The results showed strong compatibility between the CA and control groups, which did not differ in all variables, however, divergences were identified for the other groups. The LD group consumed 11% more than the control group and together with the CO group, gained the least weight. For the variables weight of organs and adipose tissues, glycemia and cardiovascular risk indicators, no significant differences were observed. Among the lipid profile parameters, the levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol and HDL of animals that consumed sunflower oil and lard were significantly reduced compared to those of animals that consumed soybean oil. For the LDL fraction, all groups were similar to the control group, except for the LD group, which had a 58% lower content. The effects observed in the CO, SO and LD groups seem to result from a deficiency of essential fatty acids, since the respective sources do not meet the requirements of these nutrients.

scholarly journals LETTER TO THE EDITOR Is Pomegranate Juice Readily Available and Useful for the Management of Hypertension and the Improvement of Cardiovascular Health?

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fotios Barkas ◽  
Evangelos Liberopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Pomegranate Juice ◽  
Vitamin Supplementation ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Antioxidant Vitamin ◽  
Long Term Effects

DEAR EDITOR, We read with interest the recent editorial by Tziomalos et al. on the potential benefit of pomegranate juice (PJ) in the management of hypertension and cardiovascular risk [1]. The authors conclude that PJ may be useful in the treatment of hypertensives, especially those with a high burden of oxidative stress. Although data on PJ seem promising no solid evidence exists to support its routine use by these patients. Certain issues that should be taken into account include: 1) Price and availability. PJ is rather expensive and may not be available worldwide. 2) Quantity and calorie intake. The suggested volume of intake varies among studies (150-240 mL) [2,3]. Calorie intake has to be considered in this regard. Recently it was shown that fruit juice compared with whole fruit consumption might be related with higher risk of type 2 diabetes [4]. 3) The studies showing a beneficial effect of PJ on cardiovascular risk factors included a small number of participants, were mostly not double blinded and evaluated only surrogate end-points. 4) The effect of PJ on blood pressure is rather small. 5) The long term effects of PJ are unknown. The use of antioxidants, such as alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene, was associated with unpredictable off-target effects, such as increased lung and pancreas cancer in male smokers [5]. 6) Antioxidant vitamin supplementation has not reduced rates of cardiovascular events in any study [6]. As the authors acknowledge future studies will provide valuable data to establish public health recommendations on the use of polyphenols and PJ. For now other well established lifestyle interventions should be endorsed. These include a Mediterranean type diet [7], body weight control, smoking cessation and increased physical activity [8].

Increased Dietary Protein and Combined High Intensity Aerobic and Resistance Exercise Improves Body Fat Distribution and Cardiovascular Risk Factors

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul J. Arciero ◽  
Christopher L. Gentile ◽  
Roger Martin-Pressman ◽  
Michael J. Ormsbee ◽  
Meghan Everett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male Age ◽  
Cardiovascular Training

We investigated the effectiveness of two lifestyle modification programs of exercise training and nutritional intake (ad libitum) on improving body composition and disease risk in overweight/obese men and women. Sixty-three subjects were weight matched and assigned to one of three groups for a 12 wk intervention: 1) high-intensity resistance and cardiovascular training and a balanced diet (RC+BD, 40% CHO: 40% PRO; n = 27, 16 female/11 male, age = 42 ± 9 y); 2) moderate-intensity cardiovascular training and a traditional food guide pyramid diet (C+TD, CHO 50 to 55%; PRO 15 to 20%; FAT < 30%; n =19, 10 female/9 male, age = 43 ± 10 y); and 3) an inactive control group (C, n = 17, 5 female/12 male, age 43 ± 11 y). RC+BD resulted in more favorable changes (P < 0.01) in percent body fat (−15.8% vs. −6.9%) and abdominal fat (−15.6% vs. −7.5%) compared to C+TD and C. Total cholesterol (−13.8%), LDL-cholesterol (−20.8%), and systolic blood pressure (−5.7%) declined (P > 0.05) in RC+BD, whereas C+TD and C remained unchanged. Our results suggest that RC+BD may be more effective than C+TD and C in enhancing body composition and lowering cardiovascular risk in obese individuals.

scholarly journals Combination therapy of flaxseed and hesperidin enhances the effectiveness of lifestyle modification in cardiovascular risk control in prediabetes: a randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Yari ◽  
Zahra Naser-Nakhaee ◽  
Elahe Karimi‐Shahrbabak ◽  
Makan Cheraghpour ◽  
Mehdi Hedayati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Lifestyle Intervention ◽  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Inflammatory Biomarkers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Atherogenic Indices

Abstract Background Regarding the increasing prevalence of cardiometabolic abnormalities, and its association with non-communicable chronic diseases, providing preventive and therapeutic strategies is a priority. A randomized placebo-controlled study was conducted to assess the effects of combination therapy of milled brown flaxseed and hesperidin during lifestyle intervention on controlling cardiovascular risk in prediabetes. Methods A total of forty-eight subjects were randomly assigned to receive lifestyle intervention plus combination therapy of brown flaxseed (30 g milled) and hesperidin (two 500 mg capsules) or lifestyle modification alone for 12 weeks. Changes from baseline in anthropometric measures, lipid profile and atherogenic indices, glucose homeostasis parameters, and inflammatory biomarkers was assessed as a primary end point. Results Anthropometric data comparison between the two groups showed a significant reduction in weight (p = 0.048). Waist circumference reduction was about twice that of the control group (− 6.75 cm vs − 3.57 cm), but this difference was not statistically significant. Comparison of blood pressure changes throughout the study indicated a greater reduction in blood pressure in the intervention group rather than control group (− 5.66 vs. − 1.56 mmHg, P = 0.049). Improvements of lipid profile and atherogenic indices, glucose homeostasis parameters, and inflammatory biomarkers in flaxseed-hesperidin group was significantly more than the control group after 12 weeks of intervention (p < 0.05). Conclusion Our results indicate that co-administration of flaxseed and hesperidin as an adjunct to lifestyle modification program is more effective than lifestyle modification alone in the metabolic abnormalities remission of prediabetic patients. Trial registration: The trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT03737422. Registered 11 November 2018. Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?cond=&term=NCT03737422&cntry=&state=&city=&dist=.

scholarly journals Association between Cardiac Remodeling and Metabolic Alteration in an Experimental Model of Obesity Induced by Western Diet

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artur Ferron ◽  
Fabiane Francisqueti ◽  
Igor Minatel ◽  
Carol Silva ◽  
Silméia Bazan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Cardiac Remodeling ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Western Diet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Diet Control ◽  
Deceleration Time

The high consumption of fat and sugar contributes to the development of obesity and co-morbidities, such as dyslipidemia, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between dyslipidemia and cardiac dysfunction induced by western diet consumption. Wistar rats were randomly divided into two experimental groups and fed ad libitum for 20 weeks with a control diet (Control, n = 12) or a high-sugar and high-fat diet (HSF, n = 12). The HSF group also received water + sucrose (25%). Evaluations included feed and caloric intake; body weight; plasma glucose; insulin; uric acid; HOMA-IR; lipid profile: [total cholesterol (T-chol), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), non-HDL Chol, triglycerides (TG)]; systolic blood pressure, and Doppler echocardiographic. Compared to the control group, animals that consumed the HSF diet presented higher weight gain, caloric intake, feed efficiency, insulin, HOMA-IR, and glucose levels, and lipid profile impairment (higher TG, T-chol, non-HDL chol and lower HDL). HSF diet was also associated with atrial-ventricular structural impairment and systolic-diastolic dysfunction. Positive correlation was also found among the following parameters: insulin versus estimated LV mass (r = 0.90, p = 0.001); non-HDL versus deceleration time (r = 0.46, p = 0.02); TG versus deceleration time (r = 0.50, p = 0.01). In summary, our results suggest cardiac remodeling lead by western diet is associated with metabolic parameters.

scholarly journals Determinants of cardiovascular risk in 2589 hypopituitary GH-deficient adults – a KIMS database analysis

2006 ◽  
Vol 155 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Abs ◽  
Ulla Feldt-Rasmussen ◽  
Anders F Mattsson ◽  
John P Monson ◽  
Bengt-Åke Bengtsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Gh Replacement ◽  
Number Of Patients

Objective: The aim of the present study was to clarify the relationship between GH deficiency (GHD) and some cardiovascular risk factors and to analyse the effect of GH replacement therapy in a large number of patients over a prolonged period of time. Design: Data for analysis were retrieved from KIMS (Pfizer International Metabolic Database). Serum concentrations of total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol and triglycerides were obtained from 2589 patients at baseline and from 1206 patients after 1 and 2 years of GH replacement therapy. Body mass index (BMI), waist and hip, resting blood pressure and body composition were also measured. Results: At baseline, the unfavourable effects of GHD were most obvious in the lipid profile demonstrating elevated mean total and LDL-cholesterol, in the increased waist circumference and the elevated BMI. The cholesterol concentration, BMI and body composition were significantly adversely affected by a number of factors, including age, sex and the use of anti-epileptic drugs. The therapeutic effect of GH was essentially uniform across the whole population. GH replacement reduced significantly the mean total and LDL-cholesterol, the waist circumference and the fat mass and was maintained during 2 years. Conclusions: This analysis of a large number of patients confirmed that GHD adults present with an increased cardiovascular risk. The sustained improvement of the adverse lipid profile and body composition suggests that GH replacement therapy may reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and the premature mortality seen in hypopituitary patients with untreated GHD.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document