scholarly journals Association between Cardiac Remodeling and Metabolic Alteration in an Experimental Model of Obesity Induced by Western Diet

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artur Ferron ◽  
Fabiane Francisqueti ◽  
Igor Minatel ◽  
Carol Silva ◽  
Silméia Bazan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Cardiac Remodeling ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Western Diet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Diet Control ◽  
Deceleration Time

The high consumption of fat and sugar contributes to the development of obesity and co-morbidities, such as dyslipidemia, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between dyslipidemia and cardiac dysfunction induced by western diet consumption. Wistar rats were randomly divided into two experimental groups and fed ad libitum for 20 weeks with a control diet (Control, n = 12) or a high-sugar and high-fat diet (HSF, n = 12). The HSF group also received water + sucrose (25%). Evaluations included feed and caloric intake; body weight; plasma glucose; insulin; uric acid; HOMA-IR; lipid profile: [total cholesterol (T-chol), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), non-HDL Chol, triglycerides (TG)]; systolic blood pressure, and Doppler echocardiographic. Compared to the control group, animals that consumed the HSF diet presented higher weight gain, caloric intake, feed efficiency, insulin, HOMA-IR, and glucose levels, and lipid profile impairment (higher TG, T-chol, non-HDL chol and lower HDL). HSF diet was also associated with atrial-ventricular structural impairment and systolic-diastolic dysfunction. Positive correlation was also found among the following parameters: insulin versus estimated LV mass (r = 0.90, p = 0.001); non-HDL versus deceleration time (r = 0.46, p = 0.02); TG versus deceleration time (r = 0.50, p = 0.01). In summary, our results suggest cardiac remodeling lead by western diet is associated with metabolic parameters.

scholarly journals Maternal Choline Supplementation Supports Resistance to Effects of Prolonged Western Diet Feeding in Mice Offspring

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1022-1022
Author(s):  
Hunter Korsmo ◽  
Moshe Dembitzer ◽  
Sarah Khaldi ◽  
Shameera Sheeraz ◽  
Juliet Kosichenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Metabolic Stress ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Western Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Glucose Levels

Abstract Objectives This study investigated whether maternal choline supplementation (MCS) could reduce the chronic metabolic stress that is induced by prenatal maternal obesity and postnatal Western Diet (WD) feeding. Methods C57BL/6 dams were either fed a normal fat (NF, 10 kcal %fat) control diet or a high fat (HF, 45 kcal % fat) diet prior to, during pregnancy and during lactation. These dams received either 25 mM choline or plain drinking water. After weaning, offspring were fed the WD diet (45 kcal %fat, 34 kcal %fructose, and 0.25% cholesterol) for 16 weeks before glucose tolerance testing and dissection. Results After 16 weeks of WD feeding, offspring from normal-fat, choline supplemented fed (MCS-NF) dams are protected from weight gain compared to offspring from dams fed a high-fat diet with or without choline supplementation (MCS-HF or MCO-HF)(P < 0.043). Male offspring from MCS-NF fed dams have reduced caloric intake (P < 0.019) and reduced gene expression of Acc1 which mediates liver de novo fatty acid synthesis (P = 0.005) compared to the non-supplemented normal-fat dams (MCO-NF) after 16 weeks of WD feeding. Female offspring from MCS-HF fed dams have lower fasting glucose levels compared to MCO-HF fed dams after 16 weeks of WD feeding (P = 0.034). Conclusions MCS mitigates some pathological hallmarks that are induced by prolonged WD feeding in offspring. Funding Sources NIGMS.

Effect of Turmeric and Ginger on Lipid Profile in Male Rats Exposed to Oxidative Stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman A. Al-Rekabi ◽  
Dheyaa K. Alomer ◽  
Rana Talib Al-Muswie ◽  
Khalid G. Al-Fartosi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Very Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Density

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of turmeric and ginger on lipid profile of male rats exposed to oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide H2O2 at a concentration of 1% given with consumed drinking water to male rats. Methods: 200 mg/kg from turmeric and ginger were used, and the animals were treatment for 30 days. Results: the results showed a significant increase in cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein (LDL), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), whereas it explained a significant decrease in high density lipoprotein (HDL) of male rats exposed to oxidative stress when compared with control group. the results showed a significant decrease in cholesterol, triglycerides, (LDL), (VLDL), whereas it explained a significant increase in (HDL) of rats treated with turmeric and ginger at dose 200 mg/kg when compared with male rats exposed to oxidative stress.

Effect of dietary probiotic, antibiotic or combination on broiler performance, cecum microbial population and ileal development

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
Ahmed Elbaz ◽  
Said El-sheikh
Keyword(s):  
Control Diet ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Broiler Performance

Objective: To investigate the effect of antibiotics and/or probiotics on broiler performance, some serum metabolites, cecum microflora composition, and ileum histomorphology under the Egyptian conditions. Design: Randomized controlled experimental study. Animals: Two hundred forty 1-day-old Ross (308) chicks were reared till 35 days of age. Procedures: The birds were randomly allocated into four main groups: a control diet without additives (CON); probiotic (Lactobacillus acidophilus) supplemented diet (PRO); antibiotic (Avilamycin) supplemented diet (ANT) and a mix group (AP) that received antibiotic in the diet form 1 to 4 days of age and treated during the rest of the experimental period with probiotics. Results: Chickens fed on probiotic or antibiotic diets had linear improvement in live body weight (LBW) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared with the control group, while the best LBW and FCR were in the AP group. An improvement in the nutrient digestibility was observed in the probiotic added groups (PRO and AP). Serum cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol contents decreased when antimicrobial (probiotic or antibiotic) supplementations were used, while there was an increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol contents, serum total protein, and albumin levels. Among all groups, cecum Clostridium perfringens and Escherichia coli counts decreased; however, there was an increase in Lactobacillus count compared to the control group. In probiotic supplemented groups (PRO and AP), a significant (P<0.05) improvement in ilea architecture. Conclusion and clinical relevance: Using probiotic after initial treatment with an antibiotic in broiler diets had a positive effect on broiler growth performance, gut health (improved cecum microbial populations and ileum histomorphology), and nutrient digestibility.

scholarly journals Effect of Whole Quail (Coturnix japonica) Egg Consumption on some Reproductive Parameters and Lipid Profile of Male Albino Rat (Rattus norvegicus)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chidozie N. OKOYE ◽  
Samuel O. EKERE ◽  
Onyinyechukwu A. AGINA ◽  
Ikechukwu J. UDEANI ◽  
Chukwunonso K. EZEASOR
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Epididymal Sperm ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Egg Consumption ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean

The present study evaluated the effect of whole egg consumption on the liver, testes, cauda epididymal sperm reserve and lipid profile of male rats. These evaluations were carried out on adult twenty (20) male albino rats, which were randomly selected into four groups of 5 rats each, designated groups A, B, C and D. Group A was the control group and received only equivalent volume of distilled water, while groups B, C and D received 0.25mg/kg, 0.5mg/kg; and 1.0mg/kg body weight of the quail egg respectively. Standard procedures were carried out in the tissue processing, cauda epididymal sperm reserve and in lipid profile determinations. On days 35 and 49, the mean serum total cholesterol value of group D was significantly lower than that of the control group. On day 35, the mean serum low density lipoprotein and high density lipoprotein (LDL and HDL cholesterol) values of all the treatment groups were significantly lower and higher than that of the control group, respectively. However, on days 49 and 63, the mean serum very low density lipoprotein (VLDL cholesterol) and triglyceride values of all the treatment groups were significantly higher than that of the control group. A significant increase in cadual epididymal sperm count (CESR) was recorded on day 63 at the mid and high doses. No obvious pathological lesions were observed in the histomorphology of the testes and liver when compared to the control. Therefore, whole quail egg consumption caused an increase in serum triglyceride and very low density lipoprotein concentration, and also improved fertility. In other words, prolonged consumption of quail egg should be done with caution as it may predispose one to cardiovascular disease.

Beneficial effects of an intradialytic cycling training program in patients with end-stage kidney disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 550-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carole Groussard ◽  
Myriam Rouchon-Isnard ◽  
Céline Coutard ◽  
Fanny Romain ◽  
Ludivine Malardé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Cycling Training ◽  
Training Protocol

In chronic kidney disease (CKD), oxidative stress (OS) plays a central role in the development of cardiovascular diseases. This pilot program aimed to determine whether an intradialytic aerobic cycling training protocol, by increasing physical fitness, could reduce OS and improve other CKD-related disorders such as altered body composition and lipid profile. Eighteen hemodialysis patients were randomly assigned to either an intradialytic training (cycling: 30 min, 55%–60% peak power, 3 days/week) group (EX; n = 8) or a control group (CON; n = 10) for 3 months. Body composition (from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), physical fitness (peak oxygen uptake and the 6-minute walk test (6MWT)), lipid profile (triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)), and pro/antioxidant status (15-F2α-isoprostanes (F2-IsoP) and oxidized LDL in plasma; superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and reduced/oxidized glutathione in erythrocytes) were determined at baseline and 3 months later. The intradialytic training protocol did not modify body composition but had significant effects on physical fitness, lipid profile, and pro/antioxidant status. Indeed, at 3 months: (i) performance on the 6MWT was increased in EX (+23.4%, p < 0.001) but did not change in CON, (ii) plasma TG were reduced in EX (–23%, p < 0.03) but were not modified in CON, and (iii) plasma F2-IsoP concentrations were lower in EX than in CON (–35.7%, p = 0.02). In conclusion, our results show that 30 min of intradialytic training, 3 times per week for 3 months, are enough to exert beneficial effects on the most sensitive and reliable marker of lipid peroxidation (IsoP) while improving CKD-associated disorders (lipid profile and physical fitness). Intradialytic aerobic cycling training represents a useful and easy strategy to reduce CKD-associated disorders. These results need to be confirmed with a larger randomized study.

scholarly journals ASSOCIATION BETWEEN BLOOD LIPID PROFILE AND BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS IN MEN WITH CORONARY HEART DISEASE, METABOLIC SYNDROME, AND TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
S. A. Matveeva
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Blood Lipid Profile ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

Aim.To study the associations between blood lipid profile and blood glucose levels in men with coronary heart disease (CHD), stable effort angina (SEA), metabolic syndrome (MS), and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM-2).Material and methods.The study included 82 men (mean age 50,5±0,9 years) with CHD, Functional Class I–III SEA, MS, and DM-2. The following lipid profile parameters were assessed: total cholesterol (TCH), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL–CH), very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL–CH), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL–CH), atherogenic index (AI), and triglyceride index (TGI), together with fasting blood glucose.Results.There were positive (direct) associations between higher levels (>90th percentile) of lipid profile parameters (TCH, TG, LDL–CH, VLDL– CH, HDL–CH, AI, TGI) and blood glucose, as well as between lower levels (≤10th percentile) of lipid profile parameters (TCH, TG, LDL–CH, VLDL– CH, AI, TGI) and blood glucose. At the same time, there were negative (inverse) associations between lower lipid levels (≤10th percentile of TCH, TG, LDL–CH, VLDL–CH, HDL–CH, AI, TGI) and higher glucose levels (>90th percentile), as well as between higher lipid levels (>90th percentile of TCH, TG, LDL–CH, VLDL–CH, HDL–CH, AI, TGI) and lower glucose levels (≤10th percentile).Conclusion.Dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia demonstrate synergetic proatherogenic effects in patients with CHD, SEA, MS, and DM-2, as suggested by significant heterogeneous (direct and inverse) associations between lipid profile parameters and fasting blood glucose. The results obtained provide an opportunity for the assessment of risk levels, prognosis, and need for pharmacological prevention and treatment in patients with combined cardiovascular pathology. 

scholarly journals Cytomegalovirus Infection as Risk of Atherogenic Lipid Profile in Iraqi Aborted Women

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
Dalya Basil Hanna ◽  
Huda Jaber Waheed ◽  
Zahraa Qasim Ali ◽  
Maysaa Ali Abdul Khaleq
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Predictive Marker ◽  
Endothelial Damage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Significant Elevation ◽  
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 ◽  
Significant Difference

Introducion: Atherosclerosis is a form of the cardiovascular diseases which may occur due to a chronic inflammatory reaction to endothelial damage caused by multiple causes which include infection by microorganisms like Cytomegalovirus (CMV). Methods: The present study aims to evaluate the effect of cytomegalovirus infection in patients and its relation to atherosclerosis and to measure the monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) as a predictive marker for inflammatory process. A total of 30 women who were attending the Gynecology outpatient clinics and were suffering from abortion for first time or with recurrent abortion due to CMV infection were enrolled in the current study. For comparison, twenty blood samples were collected from healthy apparent women as a control group in this study. Serum MCP-1, IL-6 and CMV-IgM were measured by using ELISA technique. Lipid profile which includes total cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein (HDL), and low density lipoprotein (LDL) was measured by spectrophotometer. Results: The results of this study showed a significant difference in mean of IL-6 in patients was (570.67 ± 199.27) when compared to control group (pÃ0.0001). While there is no significant difference of MCP-1 level between patients and control group (P=0.134). And the results showed a significant elevation of cholesterol (P<0.05) and a highly significant elevation of triglyceride and LDL in CMV infected patients (P<0.01), while no elevation occurred in HDL values (P=0.977). Conclusion: According to the present data there is a correlation between CMV infection and atherosclerosis. Bangladesh J Medicine July 2020; 31(2) : 47-51

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Hematological Neoplasms and Lipid Profile

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erman Öztürk
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Hematological Malignancies ◽  
Hematologic Malignancy ◽  
International Prognostic Index ◽  
Prognostic Index ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Control Group

Objective: Hypocholesterolemia is a metabolism disorder that may be seen in chronic diseases and malignancies. Various dyslipidemia profiles have been shown in adult and pediatric hematological malignancies. We aimed to evaluate the lipid profile properties in patients diagnosed with a hematological malignancy compared to a healthy control group. Method: Out of 1213 patients diagnosed with hematologic malignancy, the data of 98 patients whose pretreatment lipid profiles had already been studied, were reviewed. Forty healthy individuals were selected as the control group. The levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were compared. Results: Triglyceride values were significantly higher (p=0.02), and the total cholesterol, LDL and HDL levels were lower in the study group compared to the control group. Triglyceride values were higher (p=0.013), and HDL levels were lower (p=0.022) in parallel with increases in uric acid levels. There was a significant correlation between the International Prognostic Index (IPI) score and TG (p=0.003) in those diagnosed with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Whereas no significant correlation was found between TG, total cholesterol, and LDL values in the limited (early) and advanced stage NHL, while a significant negative correlation was found with HDL (p=0.027). Conclusion: Hypertriglyceridemia, as well as low LDL and HDL values may be seen in hematological malignancies. It should be kept in mind that there may be chronic diseases and malignancies in the etiology of incidental hypocholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia. Further studies are needed on this subject to determine the effects of dyslipidemia on the pathogenesis and prognosis of the disease in hematological malignancies.

scholarly journals Effect of dietary fatty acid on blood lipid profile and induced bacterial infection in rat

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-243
Author(s):  
Most Sumona Akter ◽  
Md Abu Yousuf ◽  
Md Yousuf Ali ◽  
Most Mahfuja Khatun ◽  
Sukumar Saha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Lipid Profile ◽  
Bacterial Colony ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Ground nut is one of the commonly used decorative nutritious relish seed around the world. Ground nut have hypocholesterolamic, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, anti-atherosclerotic, immune-modulatory and bacterial counting effects. In Bangladesh, limited research has so far been performed on the action of ground nut in biological system and its comparative efficacy with commercialized drugs that reduce blood cholesterol. The aim of this study was carried on the effects of PUFA on blood total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and triglyceride (TG) and against artificial inoculation (I/N) Staphylococcus aureus infection of experimental rat by feeding of ground nut. A total of fifteen long Evans rats (Rattus norvegicus) were used for this study. The rats were randomly divided into three equal groups (n=5) and numbered as A, B and C. Group A (control), Group B (50gm ground nut/ day/group), group C (100 gm ground nut/day/group). All groups were supplied with standard broiler pellet and fresh drinking water throughout the experimental period (January to June /2012). The blood samples were collected directly from the heart at the 1st and 60th day for biochemical test (TC, LDL, HDL and TG) and test was performed as per Memorial Diagnostic Centre, Charpara, Mymensingh. Staphylococcus aureus was cultured in nutrient broth and 100 µl of their culture was inoculated into the rats through intranasal route. Among all the treated groups, the rats of group C exhibited the lowest TC value, TG and LDL and reduced blood cholesterol significantly than (control group A) followed by group B. In bacteriological examinations, it was found that the number of bacterial colony lowest in group C in comparison with the group of A and B. From the present experiment, it can be assumed that PUFA has significant effect on blood lipid profile and against bacterial infection.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2015, 1(2): 235-243

Abstract 441: Gamma-glutamyltransferase and Markers of Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Patients with Psoriasis

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenan Demircioglu ◽  
Feyza Aksu ◽  
Mustafa Caliskan ◽  
Yusuf Yilmaz
Keyword(s):  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gamma Glutamyltransferase ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Hs Crp

Introduction: Gamma-glutamyltransferase(GGT) plays a catalytic role in degradation of glutathione. Serum GGT is accepted as a marker of oxidative stress.The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between serum GGT levels and epicardial adipose tissue (EFT) thickness, carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) measurements in patients with psoriasis. Methods: The study population included 89 patients with psoriasis and 79 healthy volunteers. After overnight fasting, blood samples were taken for to determine blood glucose levels and establishing cholesterol profiles including TG, TC, LDL cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol; GGT; and high- sensitivity C-reaktive protein (hs-CRP) levels. A high-resolution B-mode ultrasound machine (Toshiba, aplio XU) with a 7.5 MHz linear transducer used for examing CIMT.The right common carotid artery (CCA), approximately 1 cm proximal to the bifurcation, was longitudinally selected and CIMT was defined as the distance between the intima and the media. Results: 89 patients with psoriasis (age:41.7±10.9 years;41 women, 48 men), and 71 healthy control subjects (age:40.4±8.2 years;39 women, 32 men) were included. There were no significant variation for age and sex between two groups(p>0.05).The hs-CRP and GGT values were significantly higher in psoriasis, compared with the controls (hs-CRP:1.35(0.9-3.6)mg/l for psoriasis group, 0.45(0.29-0.79)mg/l for control group, p<0.001; GGT:20.6±9.6 U/l for psoriasis group, 16.7±8.0 U/l for control group, p=0.02. In psoriatic patients, CIMT and EFT were significantly inreased (0.60(0.50-0.68)mm vs. 0.50 (0.40-0.60)mm;p=0.007, 0.67±0.20cm; 0.27±0.12cm; p<0.001, respectively) compared with the control group. CIMT significantly positively correlated with EFT, age, BMI, diastolic BP and GGT.EFT significantly positively correlated with GGT, CIMT, age, hs-CRP, systolic BP and TG and negatively correlated with HDL cholesterol. Discussion: The pathophysiology of atherosclerosis in psoriasis is not fully explained.GGT may be used as an indicator of subclinical atherosclerosis like CRP.

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