scholarly journals Investigation of the Transfer of Septum Microbial Contamination by Hypodermic Needles

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Eaton ◽  
L Ramscar ◽  
J Cox ◽  
WILLIAM Whyte
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Experimental Work ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Hypodermic Syringe ◽  
Syringe Needle ◽  
Different Diameters ◽  
Needle Diameter ◽  
Microbial Growth Media

The likelihood of the transfer of microbial contamination from the surface of a vial septum into the vial liquid, by penetration of a hypodermic syringe needle, has been investigated. Experimental work was carried out with vials containing sterile microbial growth media and the use of needles of three different diameters. Three different concentrations of microbes on the surface of the vial septum (10, 100, and 1000) were used. Microbial contamination that was transferred into the growth media was determined by incubation of the vials following penetration of the septum by the needles. Contamination was detected in 87% of all the vials tested, and was generally found to increase as the concentration of septum challenge organisms and needle diameter increased. Key words: Septum seals, hypodermic needles, multi-use vials, microbial contamination

scholarly journals Facile shape-controlled synthesis of lanthanum oxide with different hierarchical micro/nanostructures for antibacterial activity based on phosphate removal

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (65) ◽  
pp. 40965-40972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Liu ◽  
Ge Wang ◽  
Li Lu ◽  
Yuming Guo ◽  
Lin Yang
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Lanthanum Oxide ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Controlled Synthesis ◽  
Bacterial Inactivation ◽  
Shape Controlled ◽  
Microbial Growth Media

In this study, three La2O3 hierarchical micro/nanostructures, nanospindles, nanopolyhedra and nanospheres, were synthesized to remove phosphate from microbial growth media for bacterial inactivation as an antimicrobial strategy.

scholarly journals Applications of fluorophore-containing microbial growth media.

1980 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 372-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
W S Ramsey ◽  
E D Nowlan ◽  
L B Simpson ◽  
R A Messing ◽  
M M Takeguchi
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Microbial Growth Media

Hydrolysates from Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) viscera as components of microbial growth media

2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (12) ◽  
pp. 3714-3722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stein Ivar Aspmo ◽  
Svein Jarle Horn ◽  
Vincent G.H. Eijsink
Keyword(s):  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Microbial Growth Media

Bevacizumab Sterility in Multiple Doses from a Single-Use Vial

2008 ◽  
Vol 42 (10) ◽  
pp. 1425-1428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kemal Örnek ◽  
Zeynep Ceren Karahan ◽  
Ahmet Ergin ◽  
Alper Tekeli ◽  
Oya Tekeli
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Blood Agar ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Multiple Use ◽  
Macconkey Agar ◽  
Multiple Doses ◽  
Single Use

Background: Recent reports have demonstrated that refrigerated bevacizumab can be stored for up to 3 weeks at 4 °C without loss of efficacy. There have been no previous reports addressing bevacizumab's sterility when stored and used as multiple doses from a single-use vial. Objective: To evaluate the sterility of bevacizumab when used as multiple doses from a single-use vial. Methods: Four groups of vials were used to simulate the storage and use conditions for bevacizumab. Each group contained 11 doses of 0.2 mL of bevacizumab. One sample from each group was cultured once each day at 37 °C for 10 days; one sample from each group was left for 15 days. MacConkey agar, blood agar, thioglycollate broth, and Sabouraud medium were used to assess bacterial and fungal growth. Results: A total of 44 samples of bevacizumab were included in this study. Each sample was placed on 4 growth media for microbial readings. All samples were found to be negative for microbial growth. No significant differences were observed among the groups. Possible limitations of this study included the number of samples for each group and in vitro design of the study, which might have affected the growth of bacterial organisms. Conclusions: Storage and multiple use of bevacizumab from single-use vials does not seem to result in microbial contamination.

Результаты опытно-экспериментальной работы по формированию коммуникативной компетентности преподавателей в процессе повышения квалификации

2019 ◽  
pp. 66-69
Author(s):  
Гульжан Назарматова
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Experimental Work ◽  
Communicative Competence ◽  
Communication Competence ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Advanced Training ◽  
Teacher Communication

Аннотация: В статье рассматриваются результаты опытно-экспериментальной работы по формированию коммуникативной компетентности преподавателей педагогических направлений в процессе повышения квалификации. Представлены основные этапы, направления, база и методы исследования опытной работы. Описывается диагностический инструментарий по определению уровня сформированности коммуникативной компетентности преподавателей. Проводится анализ данных констатирующего и формирующего экспериментов по формированию коммуникативной компетентности преподавателей в процессе повышения квалификации. Ключевые слова: преподаватель, коммуникативная компетентность, повышение квалификации, опытно - экспериментальная работа. Аннотация: Макалада квалификациясын жогорулатуу процессиндеги педагогикалык багытындагы мугалимдердин байланыш компетенттүүлүгүн калыптандыруу боюнча тажрыйба ишинин жыйынтыктары жөнүндө айтылат. Эксперименталдык иштин изилдөө ыкмалары, базасы, негизги этаптары, жана багыттары берилет. Мугалимдердин байланыш компетенттүүлүгүн калып- тандыруу көлөмүн аныктоо үчүн диагностикалык каражаттар айтылат. Квалификациясын жогорулатуу процессиндеги мугалимдердин байланыш компетенттүүлүгүн калыптандыруу боюнча аныктоо жана калыптандыруучу эксперименттериндеги алынган маалыматтардын анализи келтирилет. Түйүндүү сөздөр: окутуучу, байланыш компетенттүүлүк, квалификациясын жогорулатуу, эксперименталдык тажрыйба иш. Abstract: The article discusses the results of experimental work on the formation of communicative competence of teachers of pedagogical areas in the process of advanced training. The main stages, directions, base and research methods of experimental work are presented. The diagnostic tools for determining the level of formation of communicative competence of teachers are described. The data of ascertaining and formative experiments on the formation of communicative competence of teachers in the process of advanced training are analyzed. Key words: teacher, communication competence, qualification advancement, skilled - experimental work.

Culvert inlet efficiency

1995 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 611-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. D. Smith ◽  
A. G. Oak
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Experimental Work ◽  
Control Efficiency ◽  
Head Losses ◽  
Coefficient Of Discharge ◽  
The University

The results of experimental work carried out on culvert inlet efficiency at the University of Saskatchewan are reported in this paper. Efficiency is reported in terms of coefficient of discharge when the culvert operates with inlet control, and in terms of the coefficient of entrance loss when the culvert operates with outlet control. A larger coefficient of discharge or a smaller coefficient of entrance loss represents a higher efficiency. Seven different culvert inlets were tested for both inlet and outlet control, and for the headwater level both above and below the elevation of the crown of the pipe at the inlet. The results are reported in nondimensional charts. Key words: culvert flow, inlet control, outlet control, efficiency, head losses, capacity.

scholarly journals Postharvest Supply Chain with Microbial Travelers: a Farm-to-Retail Microbial Simulation and Visualization Framework

2018 ◽  
Vol 84 (17) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Zoellner ◽  
Mohammad Abdullah Al-Mamun ◽  
Yrjo Grohn ◽  
Peter Jackson ◽  
Randy Worobo
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Fresh Produce ◽  
The United States ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Modeling Tool ◽  
Parameter Ranges

ABSTRACTFresh produce supply chains present variable and diverse conditions that are relevant to food quality and safety because they may favor microbial growth and survival following contamination. This study presents the development of a simulation and visualization framework to model microbial dynamics on fresh produce moving through postharvest supply chain processes. The postharvest supply chain with microbial travelers (PSCMT) tool provides a modular process modeling approach and graphical user interface to visualize microbial populations and evaluate practices specific to any fresh produce supply chain. The resulting modeling tool was validated with empirical data from an observed tomato supply chain from Mexico to the United States, including the packinghouse, distribution center, and supermarket locations, as an illustrative case study. Due to data limitations, a model-fitting exercise was conducted to demonstrate the calibration of model parameter ranges for microbial indicator populations, i.e., mesophilic aerobic microorganisms (quantified by aerobic plate count and here termed APC) and total coliforms (TC). Exploration and analysis of the parameter space refined appropriate parameter ranges and revealed influential parameters for supermarket indicator microorganism levels on tomatoes. Partial rank correlation coefficient analysis determined that APC levels in supermarkets were most influenced by removal due to spray water washing and microbial growth on the tomato surface at postharvest locations, while TC levels were most influenced by growth on the tomato surface at postharvest locations. Overall, this detailed mechanistic dynamic model of microbial behavior is a unique modeling tool that complements empirical data and visualizes how postharvest supply chain practices influence the fate of microbial contamination on fresh produce.IMPORTANCEPreventing the contamination of fresh produce with foodborne pathogens present in the environment during production and postharvest handling is an important food safety goal. Since studying foodborne pathogens in the environment is a complex and costly endeavor, computer simulation models can help to understand and visualize microorganism behavior resulting from supply chain activities. The postharvest supply chain with microbial travelers (PSCMT) model, presented here, provides a unique tool for postharvest supply chain simulations to evaluate microbial contamination. The tool was validated through modeling an observed tomato supply chain. Visualization of dynamic contamination levels from harvest to the supermarket and analysis of the model parameters highlighted critical points where intervention may prevent microbial levels sufficient to cause foodborne illness. The PSCMT model framework and simulation results support ongoing postharvest research and interventions to improve understanding and control of fresh produce contamination.

Arching effect in fine sand due to base yielding

2010 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 366-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamshid Sadrekarimi ◽  
Alireza Abbasnejad
Keyword(s):  
Relative Density ◽  
Experimental Work ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Soil Mass ◽  
Flow Process ◽  
Flow Phenomenon ◽  
Dense Sand ◽  
Arching Effect ◽  
Different Diameters ◽  
Upper Boundary

This paper presents results of an experimental work on the arching effect in loose and dense sand. The apparatus comprises concentric circular trapdoors with different diameters that can yield downward while stresses and deformations are recorded simultaneously. As the trapdoor starts to yield, the whole mass of soil deforms elastically. However, after a specified displacement that depends on the trapdoor diameter and soil relative density, the soil mass behaves plastically. This behavior, which is due to flow phenomenon, continues until the stress applied onto the trapdoor decreases to a minimum value. Then the stress carried by the trapdoor shows an ascending trend. This indicates the gradual separation of the yielding mass from the whole soil body. Finally, the flow process creates a stable arch of sand. This process is called the arching mechanism. Depending on the trapdoor diameter, there is a critical relative density at and beyond which the test leads to the formation of a stable arch. The results are also compared with Terzaghi’s theory and the assumption of an upper boundary solution is discussed.

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