scholarly journals Hepatocellular carcinoma: epidemiology, screening, and assessment of hepatic reserve

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (S3) ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M. Schwartz ◽  
S.Z. Frager
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Tumour Detection ◽  
Hepatic Reserve ◽  
Screening And Surveillance ◽  
Related Mortality

Hepatocellular carcinoma is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. This review summarizes the epi­demiology, causes, and roles of screening and surveillance for early tumour detection. It also highlights the important role of assessment of hepatic reserve in consideration of appropriate staging and treatment.

scholarly journals LINC01018 confers a novel tumor suppressor role in hepatocellular carcinoma through sponging microRNA-182-5p

2019 ◽  
Vol 317 (2) ◽  
pp. G116-G126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuai Wang ◽  
Mingfang Xu ◽  
Zhengang Sun ◽  
Xiao Yu ◽  
Yan Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Tumor Formation ◽  
Cell Cycle Distribution ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
Forkhead Box ◽  
Related Mortality ◽  
Hcc Cells

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Emerging evidence has demonstrated that some long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in the development and progression of HCC. Herein, the current study aimed to explore the potential mechanism of LINC01018 in regulating the progression of HCC. Initially, the expression of LINC01018, microRNA-182-5p (miR-182-5p), and forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1) was quantified in 72 paired HCC and adjacent normal tissue samples as well as HCC cells, followed by identification of the interaction among them. To define the contributory role of LINC01018 in the progression of HCC, the expression of LINC01018, miR-182-5p, or FOXO1 was altered in HCC cells, followed by evaluation of cell proliferation, cell cycle distribution, and cell apoptosis. Finally, in vivo tests were performed to further verify the role of LINC01018 in HCC. It was observed that LINC01018 and FOXO1 were poorly expressed but miR-182-5p was highly expressed in HCC tissues and cells. The upregulation of LINC01018 was shown to decrease proliferation while promoting apoptosis of HCC cells. LINC01018 acted as a sponge of miR-182-5p, which targeted FOXO1. Last, mice injected with Hep3B overexpressing FOXO1 displayed suppressed xenograft tumor formation. Collectively, overexpression of LINC01018 represses proliferation and promotes apoptosis of HCC cells via upregulation of FOXO1 by sponging miR-182-5p, which highlights overexpression of LINC01018 as a candidate suppressor of HCC. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study provides evidence for understanding the molecular mechanism involved in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma and identifies a novel network of LINC01018/miR-182-5p/FOXO1. We also conducted in vivo experiments in nude mice to validate the anti-tumor effect of LINC01018.

scholarly journals Clinical Role of Newly Developed ALBI and mALBI Grades for Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (20) ◽  
pp. 7178
Author(s):  
Atsushi Hiraoka ◽  
Takashi Kumada
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Hepatic Function ◽  
Tumor Burden ◽  
Clinical Role ◽  
Hepatic Reserve ◽  
Therapeutic Modalities ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Detailed Assessment ◽  
Relationship Of

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of death worldwide. The selection of therapeutic modalities and the prognosis of affected patients are well known to be dependent not only on the tumor burden but also on the hepatic reserve function. Antiviral treatments for chronic hepatitis related to a viral infection and an increase in cases of nonviral HCC associated with the aging of society have resulted in dramatic changes regarding the characteristics of HCC patients. With recent developments in therapeutic modalities for HCC, a more detailed assessment of hepatic function has become an important need. Studies in which the relationship of albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) grade with the prognosis of HCC patients was investigated were reviewed in order to evaluate the usefulness of newly developed ALBI and modified ALBI (mALBI) grades for HCC treatment, as those scoring methods are considered helpful for predicting the prognosis and selecting therapeutic modalities based on the expected prognosis.

scholarly journals Potential Role of Microfibrillar-Associated Protein 4, Fibrotic Indices and Oxidative Stress in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

2018 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Salama ◽  
Manal Nomir ◽  
Maryan Fahmi ◽  
Amal El-Gayar ◽  
Mamdouh El-Shishtawy
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Elevation ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients ◽  
Mechanisms Of Persistence ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Related Mortality

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. In an attempt to understand some potential mechanisms of persistence and oncogenicity of Hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related HCC, microfibrillar-associated protein 4 (MFAP4), fibrotic indices and oxidative status biomarkers were assessed in the sera of 50 patients with HCV-associated HCC, 25 patients with HCV-related liver cirrhosis and 15 healthy individuals. Serum oxidized Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and malondialdehyde showed significant elevation in HCC patients compared to the control group (p < 0.001), as well as cirrhotic patients (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively), while serum glutathione content and superoxide dismutase activity were significantly decreased in HCC patients compared to the control group (p < 0.001). Serum MFAP4, aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI), fibrosis index based on the 4 factors (FIB-4) and Forns index showed significant increase in HCC patients compared to the control group (p < 0.001), while only APRI and FIB-4 were significantly different between HCC and cirrhotic patients (p < 0.05), with a sensitivity of 86% and 92%, respectively, at cut off ≥0.7 for APRI and ≥1.57 for FIB-4. Therefore, increasing oxidative stress and fibrosis might mediate HCV induced cirrhosis and HCC. APRI and FIB-4 may be used as a simple non-expensive formula for the screening of HCC rather than MFAP4.

scholarly journals SIRT3 functions as a tumor suppressor in hepatocellular carcinoma

Tumor Biology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 101042831769117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianchun Zeng ◽  
Nanzhu Wang ◽  
Hui Zhai ◽  
Rongpin Wang ◽  
Jiahong Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Tumor Suppressor ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Invasive Potential ◽  
Decrease Cell Proliferation ◽  
Cell Proliferative Activity ◽  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Line ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Related Mortality

Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the leading causes for cancer-related mortality worldwide. SIRT3 may function as either oncogene or tumor suppressor in a panel of cancers; however, the role of SIRT3 in hepatocellular carcinoma remains unclear. In this study, we assayed the expression level of SIRT3 in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. A loss-of-function approach was used to examine the effects of SIRT3 on biological activity, including cell proliferative activity and invasive potential. The results demonstrated that the expression levels of SIRT3 protein in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues were significantly downregulated compared with those in adjacent non-cancerous tissues. Furthermore, SIRT3 could decrease cell proliferation and inhibit cell migration/invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma cell line. Taken together, these results elucidated the function of SIRT3 in hepatocellular carcinoma development and suggested that SIRT3 might function as tumor suppressor in hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting PI3K/Akt pathway.

scholarly journals The Role of Liquid Biopsy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Prognostication

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismail Labgaa ◽  
Augusto Villanueva ◽  
Olivier Dormond ◽  
Nicolas Demartines ◽  
Emmanuel Melloul
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liquid Biopsy ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Genomic Complexity ◽  
Minimally Invasive Access ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Ngs ◽  
Generation Sequencing ◽  
Related Mortality

Showing a steadily increasing cancer-related mortality, the epidemiological evolution of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is concerning. Numerous strategies have attempted to prognosticate HCC but their performance is modest; this is partially due to the heterogeneous biology of this cancer. Current clinical guidelines endorse classifications and scores that use clinical variables, such as the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) classification. These algorithms are unlikely to fully recapitulate the genomic complexity of HCC. Integrating molecular readouts on a patient-basis, following a precision-medicine perspective, might be an option to refine prognostic systems. The limited access to HCC tissue samples is an important limitation to these approaches but it could be partially circumvented by using liquid biopsy. This concept consists of the molecular analysis of products derived from a solid tumor and released into biological fluids, mostly into the bloodstream. It offers an easy and minimally-invasive access to DNA, RNA, extracellular vesicles and cells that can be analyzed with next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies. This review aims to investigate the potential contributions of liquid biopsy in HCC prognostication. The results identified prognostic values for each of the components of liquid biopsy, suggesting that this technology may help refine HCC prognostication.

scholarly journals Role of N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) Methylation Regulators in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nanfang Qu ◽  
Xiaotong Bo ◽  
Bin Li ◽  
Lei Ma ◽  
Feng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Primary Liver Cancer ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Rna Modification ◽  
Therapeutic Value ◽  
Hepatic Artery Chemoembolization ◽  
Related Mortality ◽  
Made In

Liver cancer is the fifth most common malignant tumor in terms of incidence and the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer. Although great progress has been made in surgical techniques, hepatic artery chemoembolization, molecular targeting and immunotherapy, the prognosis of liver cancer patients remains very poor. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant internal RNA modification in eukaryotic cells and regulates various stages of the RNA life cycle. Many studies have reported that the abnormal expression of m6A-related regulators in HCC represent diagnostic and prognostic markers and potential therapeutic targets. In this review, firstly, we introduce the latest research on m6A-related regulators in detail. Next, we summarize the mechanism of each regulator in the pathogenesis and progression of HCC. Finally, we summarize the potential diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic value of the regulators currently reported in HCC.

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