scholarly journals Leonotis leonurus L. R. Br. (Lamiaceae): Anatomical features and recreational use survey of a possible substitute for Cannabis sativa L. (Cannabaceae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Ignacio J Agudelo ◽  
◽  
Karina Borri ◽  
Leonardo M Anconatani ◽  
Cecilia B Dobrecky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Drug User ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Powdered Material ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Recreational Drug ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Internet Forum ◽  
Reported Effect ◽  
Recreational Use

Leonotis leonurusL. R. Br. (Lamiaceae) is a medicinal plant native to the South Africancontinent also employed as a recreational drug and a substitute to Cannabis sativaL. (Cannabaceae). Given the interest of the last mentioned species as a source of treatments for epilepsy among many other pathologies and its possible substitution for L. leonurus, the aim of this article is obtain anatomical and micrographical characters for its identification in chopped or powdered material and to survey the user ́s perceptions about this plant based in posts extracted from a recreational drug user Internet forum. L. leonurusleaves have pluricellular tector trichomes and two classes of pluricellular trichomes with unicellular and pluricellular heads, styloid crystals in its mesophyll among many other characters, while the flowers have wooly trichomes and characteristic pollen granules. Regarding the Internet forum survey, it was reported that L. leonurusleaves and flowers were the employed parts and that the mode of use was smoked. The reported effect was sedative. The anatomical data reported in this article may help to identify L. leonurusin pharmaceutical or forensic contexts.

Chemical Analysis by LC-MS of Cannabis sativa Root Samples from Northeast Brazil and Evaluation of Antitussive and Expectorant Activities

Planta Medica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Modesto Nascimento Menezes ◽  
Emanuella Chiara Valença Pereira ◽  
Kátia Simoni Bezerra Lima ◽  
Bismarques Augusto Oliveira da Silva ◽  
Mariana Coelho Brito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Phenol Red ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Medicinal Use ◽  
Pharmacological Test ◽  
Experimental Protocols ◽  
Brazilian Northeast ◽  
Future Therapy

Abstract Cannabis sativa is a millenary medicinal plant. However, contrary to worldwide paradigm-shifting, countries like Brazil still prohibit C. sativa cultivation and its medicinal use, even though many populations use aerial parts and roots of this plant for healthcare. As such, the objective of this work was to identify substances in the samples of the C. sativa roots, tracing a correlation with antitussive and expectorant effects. Therefore, samples of C. sativa roots were donated by the Polícia Federal Brasileira, and its aqueous extract (AECsR) was prepared with subsequent lyophilization, to maintain the material stability. After that, the material was analyzed by LC-MS to observe its chemical profile. Four samples (AECsR-A, B, C, and D) were tested in animal models of citric acid-induced cough (0.4 M) and phenol red expectoration (500 mg/kg). Using LC-MS it was possible to identify 5 molecules in C. sativa roots: p-coumaroyltyramine, tetrahydrocannabinol-C4, feruoiltyramine, anhydrocanabisativine, and cannabisativine. In experimental protocols, male mice (Mus musculus) were treated with samples of AECsR at doses of 12.5, 25, or 50 mg/kg regardless of the pharmacological test. In these tests, all samples showed the potential to treat cough and promote fluid expectoration, differing only in the dose at which these effects were observed. Therefore, the data showed that the C. sativa roots of the Brazilian Northeast showed antitussive and expectorant effects, even with intense secondary metabolitesʼ variation, which alters its potency, but not its effect. This highlights the importance of this medicinal plant for future therapy and corroborates to traditional use.

scholarly journals Ethical problems at work in the opinion of employees of selected banks

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 57-70
Author(s):  
Robert Rogowski
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Codes Of Ethics ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Ethical Problems ◽  
Internet Forum ◽  
Bank Employees ◽  
Qualitative Analyses

The paper presents ethical problems faced by the employees of selected banks in Poland. The theoretical section of the paper describes the codes of ethics in banking, especially those concerning the moral aspects of working in banking. The empirical part of the paper presents the results of research on the ethos of bank workers. Quantitative and qualitative analyses were carried out using a special Internet forum devoted to the banking sector. The study includes a content analysis of comments posted by the bank employees on the Internet forum.

Anatomy of two species of Plumbago : a traditional medicinal plant and its relevance for taxonomy

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Smita Chaudhari
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Taxonomic Significance ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Leaf Petiole ◽  
Abundance And Distribution ◽  
Shape And Size

Plumbago is a traditional medicinal plant in Ayurveda. The paper presents anatomical study of leaf, petiole, stem and root of two species of Plumbago namely P. zeylanica, P. auriculata and, its relevance in discrimination of these two species. Anatomical features of leaf which are of diagnostic value in delimitation of both taxa are outline of T. S.,shape and size of epidermal cells, presence of sclerenchyma surrounding the vascular bundles, number of tannins cells. Characters of taxonomic significance in petiole anatomy are outline of T. S, presence of trichomes, shape and size of epidermal cells, abundance of collenchyma, arrangement and number of vascular bundles, presence of sclerenchyma surrounding vascular bundles, number of tannin cells. The diagnostically useful anatomical features of stem to discriminate both taxa of Plumbago are degree of elevation of stem ridges, occurrence of double layered epidermis, size of epidermal cells, distinctness of endodermis, abundance and distribution of pericyclicsclerenchyama, number of vascular bundles. Anatomical features of taxonomic significance in root are width of cortex and abundance of starch grains in cortex cells, abundance and distribution of pericyclics clerenchyama, amount of vascularization, distribution, diameter and density of vessels, width of medullary ray.

Local Forum as a Knowledge Source

2019 ◽  
pp. 100-124
Author(s):  
Pavel P. Makagonov ◽  
Celia Bertha Reyes Espinoza ◽  
Oleg M Dzikun
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Creative Work ◽  
Knowledge Source ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Internet Forum ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Regional Community ◽  
Regional Problems

An internet forum can be used as a crowdsourcing tool for searching for new knowledge and the latest non-standard ideas being a result of forum members' joint creative work. On the basis of these regularities, criteria of the forum maturity in processes of its formation and advance are elaborated. Basing on these results on a 2015 analysis of the forum, formed on the ground of the Universidad Tecnologica de la Mixteca (UTM), the State of Oaxaca, Mexico, a moment when the forum reaches its maturity was revealed. These conceptions are suitable for forming a thesaurus and taxonomy prototype of socio-cultural, environmental, and economic problems in Mixteca region. In its turn, a forum thesaurus gives opportunities for the regional community to understand a degree of its involvement into revealing and discussing the most actual regional problems on the internet.

Social Interaction Effects

2011 ◽  
pp. 1454-1458
Author(s):  
Erik den Hartigh
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Interaction Effects ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Buying Behavior ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Internet Forum ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Photo Camera ◽  
Social Interaction Effects

Direct social interactions between economic agents (people) are important in determining their choices. When choosing a new car, you will likely ask some of your friends or acquaintances what their opinion is on different types and brands of cars. When choosing a new photo camera, you are likely to visit an Internet forum to see what other peoples’ opinions are on the different brands and types of cameras. These are examples of social interaction. Social interaction effects are therefore important in determining buying behavior. The rise of the Internet has considerably facilitated such social interactions, making social interaction effects even more important.

scholarly journals Development of a Vaping Machine for the Sampling of THC and CBD Aerosols Generated by Two Portable Dry Herb Cannabis Vaporisers

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Carrara ◽  
Christian Giroud ◽  
Nicolas Concha-Lozano
Keyword(s):  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Immediate Release ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Extraction Coefficient ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
The Common ◽  
Recreational Use ◽  
Kinetics Of

Cannabis sativa is known for its recreational use, but also for its therapeutic potential. There has been wide discussion over the use of cannabis for medical purposes in recent years, especially because a consensus has not been reached regarding its risk/benefit balance. Among the more common modes of administration, vaping with a vaporiser is most frequently used for self-medication. Vaping seems to be a better alternative to preventing adverse health effects due to toxic compounds produced during combustion when cannabis is smoked. However, the delivery kinetics and efficiency of most portable vaporisers are not fully characterised with an appropriate vaping regime. This determination requires a specific vaping machine operating under realistic puffing conditions. In this study, a vaping machine was conceived to fit with the common uses of portable vaporisers that requires conditions different from those used for electronic cigarettes. The experimental setup in this study was optimised to sample aerosolised cannabinoids. The delivery kinetics, efficiency, and decarboxylation yields of two commercially available vaporisers (DaVinci® and Mighty Medic®) were evaluated for delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). Among all tested sampling supports, the glass fibre filter is the most efficient medium to collect mixed THC and CBD aerosols. From the delivery kinetics of cannabinoids, a single-parameter model was used to calculate the extraction coefficient of each vaporiser. The results show that the Mighty Medic® vaporiser had a higher extraction coefficient (0.39) and a more immediate release of cannabinoids than the DaVinci® vaporiser (0.16), which had a gradual and slower rate of vaporisation. This parameter could be a quantitative input in pharmacokinetic models of administration of volatile compounds using vaporisers and a useful tool for the comparison of vaporisers.

Innovative Technologies for Education and Learning

2009 ◽  
pp. 202-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Psychology ◽  
Instant Messaging ◽  
Constructivist Learning ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Learning Tools ◽  
Innovative Technologies ◽  
Communications Technologies ◽  
Recreational Use

A number of new communications technologies have emerged in recent years that have been largely regarded and intended for personal and recreational use. However, these “conversational technologies” and “constructivist learning tools,” coupled with the power and reach of the Internet, have made them viable choices for both educational learning and knowledge-oriented applications. The technologies given attention in this article include instant messaging (IM), Weblogs (blogs), wikis, and podcasts. A discussion of the technologies and uses, underlying educational and cognitive psychology theories, and also applications for education and the management of knowledge, are examined in detail. The implications for education, as well as areas for future research are also explored.

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