scholarly journals Study on Compressive Properties of Recycling PETs and CANs for Designing a Smart Waste Management Compactor

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 64-75
Author(s):  
Bogdan Felician Abaza ◽  
Paulina Spanu ◽  
Bogdan Alexandru Jugravu ◽  
Dragos Alexandru Apostol
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Compressive Properties ◽  
Software Module ◽  
Concept Definition ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Experimental Trials

Recycling is a key process in any sustainable development strategy. This paper proposes solutions for the increasing waste collection rates by developing an educational model for developing innovative waste management solutions. The focus in this paper will be on making the correlation between experimental studies on compressive properties of recycling waste and designing a smart waste management compactor. Based on previous achievements on developing an innovative compactor system with selective waste collection, actual experimental trials will be analysed for generating compression patterns for different types of common waste containers which will be used in the conceptual design process of a compactor, impacting concept definition of all 3 subsystems: mechanical, electrical and software. A dedicated software module for compression parameters will be developed for importing experimental data trials and based on these to process and identify relevant compression parameters defining compression pattern for different common waste containers. These parameters will be used to assist the wok mode state machines for compacting wastes. This will improve compactor performance by optimization of compactor usage smart adaptability.

scholarly journals Regional Disparities in Urban Population Access to Sanitation Services.Case Study: Romania

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florin Constantin MIHAI
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Urban Waste ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Sanitation Services ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Spatial Temporal Analysis

Abstract: Sanitation services still not fully cover the urban populationand this leads to different types of pollution and affects the urbanlandscape. This paper aims a geographical approach by highlightingterritorial disparities in the Romanian counties regarding the urbanpopulation access to waste collection services and to examine theenvironmental issues. Statistical database processed by ascendinghierarchical cluster analysis are mapped at the level of Romanian countiesachieving a spatial-temporal analysis for the period 2003-2008. The paperalso discusses the current dysfunctions existing in urban waste managementfrom Romania. Development of waste management facilities is in the processof transition from a traditional system based only on landfilling towardsan integrated waste management system which develops the recycling andrecovery of waste generated. Romania as an EU member country must improvethe quality of sanitation services. Each city must provide the fullcollection of municipal waste generated in order to eliminate the illegaldumping.

scholarly journals THE KNOWLEDGE REGARDING BIO-MEDICAL WASTE AND ITS MANAGEMENT AMONG CLASS IV WORKERS

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mr. Vishnu Kumar Swarnkar Mr. Vishnu Kumar Swarnkar ◽  
Dr. Rajendra Prasad Sharma Dr. Rajendra Prasad Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Medical Waste ◽  
Animal Waste ◽  
Biomedical Waste ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Waste Management Practices ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Class Iv

The biomedical waste [management & handling] rules, 1998 gives a wider definition of biomedical waste, covers different sources generation of biomedical: includes different types of biomedical waste. Biomedical waste management & handling rules 1998 of India provide different waste categories like human anatomical waste, animal waste, microbiological & biotechnology waste, waste sharps, discarded medicine etc. The quantity of biomedical waste generated per bed per day will vary depending upon the type of health problems, the type of care provided & the hospital waste management practices. It is estimated that the hospital in India generates around 1-2 kg/bed/day of biomedical waste in a general practitioner’s clinic. Approximately 75% of biomedical waste is as harmless as other municipal waste, the remaining 25% however differ from others.

scholarly journals Advanced Design of Separated Household Waste Collection Systems on the Base of GIS Modelling

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Richard Ladanyi
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
System Transformation ◽  
Software Module ◽  
Planning Approach ◽  
Eu Directives ◽  
The Eu

The Hungarian waste management sector is under transformation now. The new (2012/CLXXXV) Law on the Waste applies requirements on the players of the waste market that will result in the reorganization of the whole waste management industrial sector. The aim of the system transformation is enhancing the proportion of separately treated waste in accordance with the EU directives. Emerging waste quantities to be separately treated means challenge for the existing logistic capacities (e.g., collector vehicles); thus evaluation of their actual efficiency and utilization seems to be useful in the course of the transformation. With this object in view, a new separated waste collection system planning approach and a software module were developed on the base of a geographic information system (GIS) platform. The software module was designed to help choose and localize the appropriate collection methods and define the logistically effective collector vehicle routes according to the settlement structures of urban environments.

Municipal solid waste collection systems: An indicator to assess the reusability of products

2021 ◽  
pp. 0734242X2110381
Author(s):  
Anna Degli Esposti ◽  
Chiara Magrini ◽  
Alessandra Bonoli
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Product Category ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Impact Indicators ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Comprehensive Indicator

The paper illustrates a model to support waste management (WM) operators of municipal solid waste (MSW) services. This study proposes a framework to evaluate the potential of preparation for reuse (PfR) as strategy to jointly decrease social, environmental and economic impacts and meet the legal targets on waste management. As general indicators to evaluate the reusability of products do not exist yet, the aim of this study is the definition of a comprehensive indicator, which may be calculated for each product category by waste collection operators. The proposed reusability indicator includes one coefficient evaluating the potential for reuse, and three impact indicators for the assessment of social, environmental and economic performances. The indicator can be calculated by using real data, gathered by the waste collection operators in collaboration with reuse centres and referred to previous years. Hence, the proposed methodology allows waste collection operators to evaluate the potential consequences of the reuse strategy on their MSW collection system to monitor and disclose to public the impacts related to reuse activities, facilitating the achievement of sustainability in the WM sector. Graphical abstract [Formula: see text]

scholarly journals THE ANALYSIS OF WASTE GENERATION AND WASTE COMPOSITION IN PRESIDENT UNIVERSITY, CIKARANG, INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Fifi Indriyani ◽  
Filson M. Sidjabat
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Alternative Treatment ◽  
Role Model ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Baseline Data ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Waste Composition ◽  
Different Types

<strong>Abstract. </strong>Waste is an environmental problem that is the concern of everyone, increasing the volume of waste every year produced from the source. President University is one of the source that is still use the old paradigm in waste management makes President University continues to be one source that can increase the volume of waste that will be disposed of to landfill. This is reinforced by the increasing number of students each year. Therefore, as a role model from education level, proper waste management is needed. <strong>Objectives:</strong> Based on that, the objective of this research is to describe the existing condition of waste management at President University and to measure the waste generation and waste composition as baseline data for amount of dustbin and temporary waste collection area needed. <strong>Method and results:</strong> The Method implemented in this research using SNI 19-3964-1994 standard. The result showed that the total of waste generation at President University reached 238 gr/day/person with a total of 14% compostable waste, 31% recyclable waste, and 55% residue. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> It was suggested to plan and operate dustbin that following its types with the color-coded for different types of waste generation in President University. Also, recommend some alternative treatment ideas such as composting or anaerobic digester for treatment the waste.

METHODS FOR SIMULATION OF ACUTE BRAIN ISCHEMIA: PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL SUBSTANTIATION OF SELECTION AND IMPORTANCE FOR CLINICAL PRACTICE

2019 ◽  
pp. 142-152
Author(s):  
Б.И. Гельцер ◽  
Э.В. Слабенко ◽  
Ю.В. Заяц ◽  
В.Н. Котельников
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Ischemic Brain ◽  
Actual Clinical Practice ◽  
Acute Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Acute Brain Ischemia

Одним из основных требований к разработке экспериментальных моделей цереброваскулярных заболеваний является их максимальная приближенность к реальной клинической практике. В работе систематизированы данные по основным методам моделирования острой ишемии головного мозга (ОИГМ), представлена их классификация, анализируются данные о преимуществах и недостатках той или иной модели. Обсуждаются результаты экспериментальных исследований по изучению патогенеза ОИГМ с использованием различных моделей (полной и неполной глобальной, локальной и мультифокальной ишемии) и способов их реализации (перевязка артерий, клипирование, коагуляция, эмболизация и др.). Особое внимание уделяется «стабильности» последствий острого нарушения мозгового кровообращения: необратимых ишемических повреждений головного мозга или обратимых с реперфузией заданной продолжительности. Отмечается, что важное значение в этих исследованиях должно принадлежать современным методам прижизненной визуализации очагов острого ишемического повреждения, что позволяет оценивать динамику патологического процесса. Предлагаемый метод отвечает требованиям гуманного обращения с животными. Подчеркивается, что выбор релевантной модели ОИГМ определяется задачами предстоящего исследования и технологическими ресурсами научной лаборатории. Development of experimental models for acute forms of cerebrovascular diseases is essential for implementation of methods for their prevention and treatment. One of the principal requirements to such models is their maximum approximation to actual clinical practice. This review systematized major models of acute cerebral ischemia (ACI), their classification, and presented information about their advantages and shortcomings. Also, the review presented results of experimental studies on pathophysiological mechanisms of different types of modeled ACI (complete and incomplete global, local, and multifocal ischemia) and methods for creating these models (arterial ligation, clipping, coagulation, embolization, etc.). Particular attention was paid to “stability” of the consequences of acutely impaired cerebral circulation - an irreversible ischemic brain injury or a reversible injury with reperfusion of a given duration. The authors emphasized that in such studies, a special significance should be given to intravital imaging of acute ischemic damage foci using modern methods, which allow assessing the dynamics of the pathological process and meet the requirements to humane treatment of animals. The choice of a relevant ACI model is determined by objectives of the planned study and the technological resources available at the research laboratory.

DEFINITION OF THE PUBLIC SECURITY AND ORDERLINESS ENSURING MECHANISM IN UKRAINE

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (11) ◽  
pp. 155-163
Author(s):  
Marina Aleksandrovna Kalievskaya
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
State Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Public Security ◽  
National Priority ◽  
Institu Tions ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
Definition Of

In this article, a model of the mechanism of ensuring public security and orderliness in accordance with the principles and tasks of the relevant institu- tions in public administration, taking into account resources, technologies, mea- sures for the state policy implementation in the spheres of ensuring the protection of human rights and freedoms, the interests of society and the state, combating crime, maintaining public security and order. It was found that ensuring public security and order in Ukraine is a mechanism for the implementation of national goals of state policy in the areas of ensuring the protection of human rights and freedoms, the interests of society and the state, combating crime, maintaining public security and order, by defining tasks according to certain principles. The idea is that if one considers the state policy in the spheres of ensuring the protec- tion of human rights and freedoms, the interests of society and the state, combat- ing crime, maintaining public security and order as a national priority (purpose, task), then the mechanism of ensuring public security and order in Ukraine needs coordination with the state development strategy. From the point of view of the implementation of the state policy in the areas of ensuring the protection of hu- man rights and freedoms, the interests of society and the state, combating crime, maintaining public security and order, the mechanism of ensuring public security and order in Ukraine can be considered as the main system providing intercon- nection such elements as institutions (implementing the specified state policy), resources (human resources, logistical, natural and so on, with the help of which it is possible to implement state policy), technologies (skills, knowledge, means and so on the implementation of state policy), measures (action plans), as well as external (internal) threats.

Legal and regulative foundation of securing the development of consolidated territorial communities in conditions of decentralization

2019 ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
Oryslava Korkuna ◽  
Ivan Korkuna ◽  
Oleh Tsilnyk
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
The Development Strategy ◽  
Social Entity ◽  
European Standards ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
State Regional

Development of a territorial community requires efficient use of its capacity taking into account all possible aspects in the course of elaboration and implementation of the development strategy and other local legal and regulative documents. The approach is directly related to maintaining the living activity of a territorial community and should correspond to the interests of population and European standards of state regional policy. In addition to the definition of a community provided by the Law of Ukraine “On Local Governance in Ukraine”, there are also some other. For example, some authors understand territorial community as a single natural and social entity that operates in spatial boundaries of a state and realizes daily needs and interests of population. The paper aims to analyze legal and regulative foundation of the development of territorial communities in conditions of decentralization. The authors analyze current condition of legal and regulative maintenance of local governance reforming in Ukraine in conditions of decentralization of authorities. The paper argues that the major elements of management strategy in CTCs in Ukraine are independence, efficiency, management innovations, quicker and more substantiated decision-making and everything to meet the needs of community’s residents. Management of this sector is grounded on the principles of the provisions of European Charter of Local Self-Government that provides for decentralization of authorities and transfer of resources and responsibilities to local governments. Liabilities of local governments (of consolidated territorial communities) and the mayors are analyzed. The authors prove that in general legal provision of decentralization of local governance corresponds to European requirements and creates reliable ground for practical stage of the reform. The list of issues that require further legal regulation is outlined.

The methodology of experimental research of the feed components extrusion process in order to improve its energy performance

2020 ◽  
pp. 147-152
Author(s):  
E. M. Ratnikov ◽  
D. O. Milko
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Mathematical Planning ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Extrusion Processing ◽  
Definition Of

Annotation Purpose. Development of a program and methods for conducting experimental studies of the extrusion process with the definition of parameters and modes of operation of the extruder to improve its energy performance. Methods. Methods of mathematical statistics, synthesis, analysis, description and modeling were used. Results. The application of mathematical methods, in particular mathematical planning, reduces the number of experiments several times, and allows to evaluate the role of influencing factors, obtain a mathematical model of the process and determine the optimal conditions for its parameters and modes, etc. Conclusions. The methodology for experimental studies of a screw extruder is presented with the necessary equipment and methodology for processing the obtained experimental data. A mathematical method of planning, which reduces the number of experiments several times, allows us to evaluate the role of factors affecting productivity and energy intensity is presented. Keywords: extruder, auger, nutrients, research methodology, extrusion, processing, feed.

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