scholarly journals Mechanical Strength Variety of Orthodontic Polymeric Chains In vitro assessment and mathematical model

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 596-599
Author(s):  
Olimpia Bunta ◽  
Vlad Muresan ◽  
Mariana Pacurar ◽  
Mihaela Baciut ◽  
Dorin Nenovici ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
Force Decay ◽  
Polymeric Chains ◽  
In Vitro Assessment ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques ◽  
Initial Force ◽  
Elastomeric Chains

Elastomeric chains, as means of force delivery, are one of the most studied elements of the orthodontic field. Effects on tooth movement are closely related to force degradation degrees of these polymers. Unfortunately, due to varied manufacturing techniques and materials, different brands of elastomeric chains offer different initial force values and different force decay, with direct impact on tooth movement duration and effectiveness and quality of orthodontic treatments.

scholarly journals An in vitro comparison of the force decay generated by different commercially available elastomeric chains and NiTi closed coil springs

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Cristina Soares Santos ◽  
André Tortamano ◽  
Sandra Regina Frazatto Naccarato ◽  
Gladys Cristina Dominguez-Rodriguez ◽  
Julio Wilson Vigorito
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Original Length ◽  
Force Decay ◽  
Decay Pattern ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Initial Force ◽  
Elastomeric Chains

This in vitro study was designed to compare the forces generated by commercially available elastomeric chains and NiTi closed coil springs, and to determine their force decay pattern. Forty elastomeric chains and forty NiTi closed coil springs were divided into 4 groups according to the following manufacturers: (1) Morelli®, (2) Abzil®, (3) TP Orthodontics® and (4) American Orthodontics®. The specimens were extended to twice their original length and stored in artificial saliva at 37°C. Initial force was measured by means of an Instron universal testing machine and then at 1, 4, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. The results revealed that the elastomeric chains delivered a mean initial force of 347 g for Morelli®, 351 g for American Orthodontics®, 402 g for Abzil®, and 404 g for TP Orthodontics®. The NiTi closed coil springs generated a mean initial force of 196 g for American Orthodontics®, 208 g for TP Orthodontics®, 216 g for Abzil®, and 223 g for Morelli®. The mean percentage of force decay observed after 28 days for the elastomeric chains was 37.4% for TP Orthodontics®, 48.1% for American Orthodontics®, 65.4% for Morelli®, and 71.6% for Abzil®. After 28 days, the NiTi closed coil springs presented a mean percentage of force decay of 22.6% for American Orthodontics®, 29.8% for Abzil®, 30.6% for Morelli®, and 45.8% for TP Orthodontics®. At the end of the study, significant differences were observed between the elastomeric chains and the NiTi closed coil springs. The results indicated that the studied NiTi closed coil springs are more adequate for dental movement than the elastomeric chains.

scholarly journals Comparison of force decay pattern in orthodontic elastomeric chains and NiTi closed coil springs, affected by five different mouthwashes: An in vitro Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Hossein Mirhashemi ◽  
Niloofar Habibi Khameneh ◽  
Keyvan Shahpoorzadeh ◽  
Atefe Saffar Shahroudi
Keyword(s):  
Reduction Rate ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Force Decay ◽  
Decay Pattern ◽  
Force Reduction ◽  
Initial Force ◽  
Elastomeric Chains

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the force decay pattern of elastomeric chains and NiTi coil springs which were exposed to five different commercially available mouthwashes.Methods: In this in vitro study, 60 pieces of elastomeric chain (EC) and 60 NiTi closed coil springs (CS) were divided into 6 groups. The specimens were exposed to one of these mouthwashes twice a day for 60 seconds:  Listerine, chlorhexidine, Orthokin, Persica, fluoride and artificial saliva as the control group. The elastomeric chains and NiTi springs were stretched so that they exert the initial force of 250 gr. Their force was measured on the 1, 7, 14 and 28 following days by means of a digital gauge.Results: Elastomeric chains and coil springs had force decrease over time, but EC' force reduction was greater with the highest reduction rate in the first week. However, in the CS group, the force decrease wasn't statistically significant in the first two weeks.  After 28 days in the control groups, 49.8% of the initial force was remained in ECs while the value was 93.3% for CSs. In comparison between mouthwashes, in EC groups, in all mouthwashes except Persica, the remained force was statistically less than control group.Conclusion: Force degradation of elastomeric chains could be exacerbated by use of mouthwashes. About coil springs, force decay was also observed. However, it was not statistically significant. Force reduction was detectable after four weeks of coil springs usage, but in EC groups, the greatest reduction was after the first week.  

scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of force decay pattern in orthodontic active tiebacks exposed to five different mouth rinses: An in vitro Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 244-249
Author(s):  
Amir Hossein Mirhashemi ◽  
Atefe Saffar Shahroudi ◽  
Keyvan Shahpoorzadeh ◽  
Niloofar Habibi Khameneh
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mouth Rinses ◽  
Force Decay ◽  
Force Relaxation ◽  
Decay Pattern ◽  
Initial Force ◽  
And Control

Background. This study compared the force decay pattern of two different orthodontic active tiebacks (ATBs) exposed to five different commercially available mouth rinses. Methods. In this in vitro study, 90 transparent ATBs and 90 gray ATBs were divided into six groups; one was the control group, and the others were exposed to one of these mouth rinses twice a day for 60 seconds: Listerine, chlorhexidine, Orthokin, Persica, and fluoride. The initial force of each ATB was 250 g at a 24-mm extension. The force of ATBs was measured on days 1, 7, 14, and 28 using a digital gauge. Results. The highest percentage of force loss was observed between days 14 and 28 (P<0.05). At the end of the study, the Persica group exhibited the highest force degradation in both ATB types. In the transparent ATBs, it was followed by Orthokin, Listerine, fluoride, chlorhexidine, and control groups, respectively. In the gray ATBs, Orthokin, chlorhexidine, control, Listerine, and fluoride groups exhibited the highest force decay in descending order. In some groups, the differences between transparent and gray ATBs were significant. In the control group, the force of transparent ATB was significantly higher than gray ones on days 7 and 14 but not significantly after four weeks. Conclusion. ATBs’ force degradation could be exacerbated by the use of some mouth rinses. There were some differences between force relaxation patterns of transparent and gray ATBs. The data could be beneficial in choosing appropriate O-rings for making ATBs.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Force Decay between Coil Spring, Elastomeric Chain and Tie-backs in Various Alcohol Concentrations found in Mouth Rinse: An In-vitro Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 155-162
Author(s):  
Asma Fatima ◽  
Prasad Konda ◽  
Asiya Fatima ◽  
Hidayathulla Shaikh ◽  
Butool Zohra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Coil Spring ◽  
Mouth Rinses ◽  
Force Decay

Background: The ability to close space efficiently in Orthodontics is of major clinical importance. Elastomeric power chain, coil spring, and tiebacks are commonly used in Orthodontics to achieve tooth movement during the closure of spaces. Many mouth rinses which are used by the patients to achieve good oral hygiene affect the properties of the material used during treatment resulting in force decay if they contain alcohol. Aim: To know the effect of mouth rinses containing different alcohol Concentrations on the force decay of retraction materials. Materials and Methods: A study was carried out to test the effect of alcohol exposure found in mouth rinses on orthodontic NiTi closing coils, elastomeric chains, and tie-back. A total of 135 specimens were divided into one control group and two test groups submerged in artificial saliva at 37⁰ C. Two test groups each of them exposed to different alcohol-containing mouthwashes (Listerine and Povidone-iodine) for 60 seconds twice a day and the control group were exposed only to deionized (DI) water for 28 days. Force measurements were taken at six-time points (initial, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, and 28 days) using a digital force gauge. Results: The comparison between the tensile strength was made by digital force gauge and the p-value (≤ 0.05) for tensile strength was derived by ANOVA test, multiple comparisons, and Tukey’s correction. Significant force decay was seen in test groups when compared to the control group. Conclusion: Force degradation of retraction products used during orthodontic treatment was effected by mouth rinses containing alcohol.

Mechanical Properties of Experimental Non-Latex Orthodontic Elastic Bands

2020 ◽  
Vol 897 ◽  
pp. 185-189
Author(s):  
Sasatorn Malanon ◽  
Surachai Dechkunakorn ◽  
Niwat Anuwongnukroh ◽  
Pongdhorn Sea-Oui ◽  
Puchong Thaptong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Internal Diameter ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Force Decay ◽  
Extension Force

. Elastics, a source of continuous orthodontic force, are divided into two types, latex and non-latex, which are made from natural rubber and synthetic rubber, respectively. The major advantage of natural latex elastics is its resiliency to intraoral tractive forces. However, as the incidence of allergic reactions to natural latex has become more widely recognized, non-latex orthodontic elastics have been developed as an alternative. The aim of this study is to investigate the in vitro mechanical properties of Thai non-latex orthodontic elastics as compared to commercially available products. 30 samples of each two Thai non-latex elastics (MTEC1, MTEC2) and two commercial elastics (AO, GAC) with a specified diameter of ¼ inches were used. Width, cross-sectional thickness (CT), and internal diameter (ID) of all samples were measured. Mechanical tests were then carried out to determine the initial extension force (F0), 24-hour residual force (F24), and percentage of force decay. The data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (p < 0.05). Statistically significant differences in elastic width among all four groups except between the Thai non-latex groups (MTEC1 and MTEC2) were found. AO elastics showed the greatest CT followed by GAC, MTEC2 and MTEC1. ID was significantly highest in GAC elastics and lowest in MTEC1 elastics. Although MTEC1 elastics had the lowest F0, the force still falls within the acceptable range for tooth movement (100-250g or 0.981–1.471N). MTEC2 elastics had the greatest F24 and also the lowest percentage of force decay followed by MTEC1, GAC, and AO elastics, which displayed the highest force decay, though no significant differences were found between the two commercial elastics. Thai non-latex elastics are suitable for orthodontic tooth movement due to its lower percentage of force decay after 24 hours.

The Environmental Influence of Light Coke™, Phosphoric Acid, and Citric Acid on Elastomeric Chains

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro Teixeira ◽  
Betina do Rosário Pereira ◽  
Thais Gelatti Bortoly ◽  
João Armando Brancher ◽  
Odilon Guariza-Filho
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Environmental Influence ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Decay Rates ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Force Decay ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Elastomeric Chains

Abstract Aim The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vitro effect of Light Coke™, phosphoric acid, and citric acid on the force decline pattern of two types of elastomeric chains. Methods and Materials One hundred sixty gray colored elastomeric chain modules, 80 Chainette (GAC) and 80 Sunburst™ (GAC) chains, were divided into four groups for immersion into Light Coke, phosphoric acid, citric acid, and artificial saliva. The initial stretched force of the elastomeric chains ranged from 220gf to 250gf. During the experiment, all elastomeric chains were kept immersed in artificial saliva at 37°C (pH≈6.24) to simulate the oral environment. To simulate daily consumption of Light Coke, the elastomeric chains were immersed in the solutions twice a day for 15 minutes. The control group was kept immersed in artificial saliva continuously with no further treatment. Force (gf) was measured with a Dial-Type dynamometer (Dentaurum®), initially (baseline), 24 hours, 7, 14, and 21 days. Data were analyzed using the Tukey test at a 5% level of probability. Results A statistically significant reduction on the force produced by the elastomeric chains was seen at different time points. The greatest reduction in force occurred in the first 24 hours (p=0.01). Conclusion Force decay of the Chainette elastomeric chains were lower than the Sunburst™ chain (p<0.05). The immersion treatments caused no statistically significant difference in force for either chain module (p>0.05). Clinical Significance Good elastomeric chain properties are necessary for effective tooth movement, and knowledge of force-decay rates is an important factor in achieving the best orthodontic outcome. Citation Teixeira L, Pereira BP, Bortoly TG, Brancher JA, Tanaka OM, Guariza-Filho O. The Environmental Influence of Light Coke™, Phosphoric Acid, and Citric Acid on Elastomeric Chains. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 November; (9)7:017-024.

scholarly journals In vitro assessment of quality of citrate-phosphate-dextrose-adenine-1 preserved feline blood collected by a commercial closed system

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 1051-1059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Crestani ◽  
Annalisa Stefani ◽  
Antonio Carminato ◽  
Angelica Cro ◽  
Katia Capello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Closed System ◽  
Citrate Phosphate Dextrose ◽  
In Vitro Assessment ◽  
Citrate Phosphate
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