scholarly journals Streamflow availability ratings identify surface water sources for groundwater recharge in the Central Valley

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 162-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen E. Dahlke ◽  
Tiffany N. Kocis
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Central Valley ◽  
Water Sources

scholarly journals Perceived agricultural runoff impact on drinking water

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 484-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Crampton ◽  
Angela T. Ragusa
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Agricultural Runoff ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Agricultural Contaminants

Agricultural runoff into surface water is a problem in Australia, as it is in arguably all agriculturally active countries. While farm practices and resource management measures are employed to reduce downstream effects, they are often either technically insufficient or practically unsustainable. Therefore, consumers may still be exposed to agrichemicals whenever they turn on the tap. For rural residents surrounded by agriculture, the link between agriculture and water quality is easy to make and thus informed decisions about water consumption are possible. Urban residents, however, are removed from agricultural activity and indeed drinking water sources. Urban and rural residents were interviewed to identify perceptions of agriculture's impact on drinking water. Rural residents thought agriculture could impact their water quality and, in many cases, actively avoided it, often preferring tank to surface water sources. Urban residents generally did not perceive agriculture to pose health risks to their drinking water. Although there are more agricultural contaminants recognised in the latest Australian Drinking Water Guidelines than previously, we argue this is insufficient to enhance consumer protection. Health authorities may better serve the public by improving their proactivity and providing communities and water utilities with the capacity to effectively monitor and address agricultural runoff.

Legionella and Public Water Supplies

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 5-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Colbourne ◽  
P. J. Dennis ◽  
R. M. Trew ◽  
C. Berry ◽  
G. Vesey
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Water Supplies ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescent Assay ◽  
Water Mains ◽  
Legionnaires Disease ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescent

A survey for legionella in public water supplies in England failed to detect culturable L.pneumophila in all but samples from taps in buildings; however, the organism was detected in underground and surface water sources and distribution systems using an indirect immunofluorescent assay (IFA) to L.pneumophila serogroup 1. Culturability was related to water temperatures above 20°C. In water mains L.pneumophila was associated with biofilms or sediment. Non-culturable L.pneumophila detected in potable waters by IFA were recovered by heat shock experiments demonstrating their viability. Although the strain found in potable water is rarely asociated with disease, monoclonal expression, a virulence marker, was altered by heat shock. These findings have implications for the prevention of legionellosis and may explain the sporadic nature of legionnaires disease in the community.

scholarly journals Impact of extreme drought and incentive programs on flooded agriculture and wetlands in California’s Central Valley

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew E Reiter ◽  
Nathan Elliott ◽  
Dennis Jongsomjit ◽  
Gregory H Golet ◽  
Mark D Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Large Fraction ◽  
Central Valley ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Extreme Drought ◽  
Freshwater Wetland ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Incentive Programs ◽  
Managed Wetlands ◽  
The Impact

Between 2013 and 2015 a large part of the western United States, including the Central Valley of California, sustained an extreme drought. The Central Valley is recognized as a region of hemispheric importance for waterbirds which use flooded agriculture and wetlands as habitat. Thus, the impact of drought on the distribution of surface water needed to be assessed to understand the effects on waterbird habitat availability. We used satellites to quantify the impact the recent extreme drought on the timing and extent of available waterbird habitat during the non-breeding season (July – May) by examining flooding in agriculture (rice, corn, and other crops) and managed wetlands across the Central Valley. We assessed the influence of habitat incentive programs, particularly The Nature Conservancy’s BirdReturns and the Natural Resources Conservation Service’s Waterbird Habitat Enhancement Program (WHEP), at offsetting waterbird habitat loss related to drought. Overall, we found significant declines in open water in post-harvest agriculture (20 – 80% declines) and in managed wetlands (47 – 59% declines) during the 2013 – 2015 drought compared to non-drought years 2000 – 2011. Crops associated with the San Joaquin Valley, specifically corn, as well as wetlands in that part of the Central Valley exhibited larger reductions in open water than rice and wetlands in the Sacramento Valley. However, seasonal wetlands on protected lands had a marginally significant (P<0.10) higher amount of open water in the drought years than those on non-protected lands. A large fraction of the daily open water in rice during certain times of the year, particularly in the fall for BirdReturns (64%) and the winter for WHEP (100%), may have been provided through incentive programs underscoring the contribution of these programs. However, further assessment is needed to know how much the incentive programs directly offset the impact of drought in post-harvest rice or simply supplemented funding for activities that might have been done regardless. Our, first of its kind, landscape analysis documents the significant impacts of the drought on freshwater wetland habitats in the Central Valley and highlights the value of using satellite data to track surface water and waterbird habitats. More research is needed to understand subsequent impacts on the freshwater dependent species that rely on these systems and how incentive programs can most strategically support vulnerable species during future drought.

scholarly journals The influence of lithology on surface water sources

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 1913-1925 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lydia B. Nickolas ◽  
Catalina Segura ◽  
J. Renée Brooks
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Sources

scholarly journals Norovirus GII.17 Predominates in Selected Surface Water Sources in Kenya

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 221-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. M. Kiulia ◽  
J. Mans ◽  
J. M. Mwenda ◽  
M. B. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Norovirus Gii

scholarly journals Identifying climate change impacts on surface water supply in the southern Central Valley, California

2021 ◽  
Vol 759 ◽  
pp. 143429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhu Liu ◽  
Jonathan D. Herman ◽  
Guobiao Huang ◽  
Tariq Kadir ◽  
Helen E. Dahlke
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Central Valley ◽  
Southern Central ◽  
Surface Water Supply
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document