Relative pollination effectiveness of floral visitors of Pitcairnia angustifolia (Bromeliaceae)

2007 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Fumero-Caban ◽  
E. J. Melendez-Ackerman
Keyword(s):  
Pollination Effectiveness ◽  
Floral Visitors

A meta‐analysis of single visit pollination effectiveness comparing honeybees and other floral visitors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.L. Page ◽  
C.C. Nicholson ◽  
R.M. Brennan ◽  
A.T. Britzman ◽  
J. Greer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Single Visit ◽  
Pollination Effectiveness ◽  
Floral Visitors

scholarly journals A meta-analysis of single visit pollination effectiveness

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maureen L Page ◽  
Charlie C Nicholson ◽  
Ross Brennan ◽  
Anna Britzman ◽  
Jeremy Hemberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Crop Plants ◽  
Single Visit ◽  
Pollination Effectiveness ◽  
Visitation Frequency ◽  
Floral Visitors ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Effective Pollinators ◽  
Effective Pollinator

Many animals provide essential ecosystem services in the form of plant pollination. A rich literature documents considerable variation in the single visit pollination effectiveness of different plant visitors, but this literature has yet to be comprehensively synthesized. We conducted a hierarchical meta-analysis of 193 studies and extracted 1716 single visit effectiveness (SVE) comparisons for 252 plant species. We paired SVE data with visitation frequency data for 75 of these studies. Given the global dominance of honeybees in pollinator communities, we used these data to ask: 1) Do honeybees (Apis mellifera) and other floral visitors vary in their SVE?; 2) To what extent do plant and pollinator attributes predict the difference in SVE between honeybees and other visitors?; and 3) Is there a correlation between floral visitation frequency and SVE? We found that honeybees were significantly less effective than the most effective non-honeybee pollinator. Although not significantly different, honeybees also tended to be less effective than the mean community effectiveness. Honeybees were less effective as pollinators of crop plants and when compared to birds and other bees. Visitation frequency and pollination effectiveness were positively correlated, but this trend was largely driven by data from communities where honeybees were absent, suggesting that honeybees generally combine high visitation frequency and lower SVE. Our study demonstrates that non-honeybee floral visitors are highly effective pollinators of many crop and non-crop plants. While the high visitation frequency typically displayed by honeybees undoubtably makes them important pollinators, we show that honeybees are slightly less effective than the average pollinator and rarely the most effective pollinator of the plants they visit. As such, honeybees may be imperfect substitutes for the loss of wild pollinators and safeguarding global crop production will benefit from conservation of non-honeybee taxa.

scholarly journals Selective pollination by fungus gnats potentially functions as an alternative reproductive isolation among five Arisaema species

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuya K Matsumoto ◽  
Muneto Hirobe ◽  
Masahiro Sueyoshi ◽  
Yuko Miyazaki
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Altitudinal Gradient ◽  
Flowering Phenology ◽  
Altitudinal Distribution ◽  
Interspecific Differences ◽  
Flower Visitation ◽  
Fungus Gnats ◽  
Floral Visitor ◽  
Floral Visitors ◽  
Experimental Plots

Abstract Background and Aims Interspecific difference in pollinators (pollinator isolation) is important for reproductive isolation in flowering plants. Species-specific pollination by fungus gnats has been discovered in several plant taxa, suggesting that they can contribute to reproductive isolation. Nevertheless, their contribution has not been studied in detail, partly because they are too small for field observations during flower visitation. To quantify their flower visitation, we used the genus Arisaema (Araceae) because the pitcher-like spathe of Arisaema can trap all floral visitors. Methods We evaluated floral visitor assemblage in an altitudinal gradient including five Arisaema species. We also examined interspecific differences in altitudinal distribution (geographic isolation) and flowering phenology (phenological isolation). To exclude the effect of interspecific differences in altitudinal distribution on floral visitor assemblage, we established 10 experimental plots including the five Arisaema species on high- and low-altitude areas and collected floral visitors. We also collected floral visitors in three additional sites. Finally, we estimated the strength and contribution of these three reproductive barriers using the unified formula for reproductive isolation. Key Results Each Arisaema species selectively attracted different fungus gnats in the altitudinal gradient, experimental plots, and additional sites. Altitudinal distribution and flowering phenology differed among the five Arisaema species, whereas the strength of geographic and phenological isolations were distinctly weaker than those in pollinator isolation. Nevertheless, the absolute contribution of pollinator isolation to total reproductive isolation was weaker than geographic and phenological isolations, because pollinator isolation functions after the two early-acting barriers in plant life history. Conclusions Our results suggest that selective pollination by fungus gnats potentially contributes to reproductive isolation. Since geographic and phenological isolations can be disrupted by habitat disturbance and interannual climate change, the strong and stable pollinator isolation might compensate for the weakened early-acting barriers as an alternative reproductive isolation among the five Arisaema species.

scholarly journals Reproductive traits and floral visitors of Aechmea distichantha plants growing in different habitats of a South American xerophytic forest

Rodriguésia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 385-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo M. Freire ◽  
Ignacio M. Barberis ◽  
José L. Vesprini
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Similar Proportion ◽  
South American ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Carpenter Bee ◽  
Carpenter Bees ◽  
Vegetative Traits ◽  
Floral Visitors ◽  
Almost All

Abstract Aechmea distichantha, a widely-distributed facultative epiphytic bromeliad species, is present from rainforests to xerophytic forests. At its southernmost distribution (Humid Chaco) it grows in the understory and forest edges. This animal-pollinated bromeliad shows high phenotypic plasticity on its vegetative traits, but there is no information about plasticity on its reproductive traits. Infructescences from shade plants were heavier, had longer rachis, more spikelets, higher number of fruits/spikelet and higher number of seeds/fruit than those from sun plants, but they presented similar number of open flowers. The number of visitation events was similar in both habitats, but more flowers were visited in the sun than in the shade. Flowers were visited by seven species (six insects and one hummingbird). In the sun, the carpenter bee was the most frequent visitor and visited almost all flowers, whereas in the shade different species of visitors attained similar proportion of visits and number of visited flowers. Despite visitation events were similar in both habitats, plants growing in the shade set more seeds/fruit than plants growing in the sun. The higher proportion of visits accomplished by carpenter bees compared to hummingbirds is probably a consequence of the climatic conditions in the austral location of these populations.

Flowering, floral visitors and climatic drivers of reproductive phenology of two endangered magnolias from neotropical A ndean forests

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela Serna‐González ◽  
Ligia E. Urrego‐Giraldo ◽  
Juan P. Santa‐Ceballos ◽  
Hiroshi Suzuki‐Azuma
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Phenology ◽  
Climatic Drivers ◽  
Floral Visitors

Overall and repeated floral visitation by insects suggests flower flies (Syrphidae) as the major pollinator group of Alaska Wild Rhubarb (Koenigia alaskana var. glabrescens; Polygonaceae) in Northwest Territories, Canada

2021 ◽  
Vol 135 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-191
Author(s):  
Paul M. Catling ◽  
Brenda Kostiuk ◽  
Jeffrey H. Skevington
Keyword(s):  
Northwest Territories ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Alpine Plant ◽  
Floral Visitors ◽  
Floral Visitation ◽  
Ecological Importance ◽  
Flower Flies ◽  
Northwestern North America ◽  
Northeast Corner

Alaska Wild Rhubarb (Koenigia alaskana var. glabrescens; Polygonaceae) is a native Arctic, subarctic, and alpine plant of northwestern North America. Although the plant has some economic and ecological importance, its biology is poorly known. At 11 sites in the northeast corner of its range in Northwest Territories, we found that 87% of its floral visitors were flies, mostly Syrphidae, a diverse family known to be important pollinators. Insects visiting consecutive flowers on different plants and, thus, likely effecting pollination were also flies (78.6%) and also mostly Syrphidae (72.7%) followed by Hymenoptera (20%). Although syrphids were the dominant potential pollinators at most sites, there was some variation among sites. Our results provide quantitative support for pollinator diversity and the major role of Syrphidae in pollination of Alaska Wild Rhubarb. We suggest that pollination is not a limiting factor in this plant’s spread, nor its rare and local occurrence and restricted distribution, because the majority of its pollinators are widespread.

Differentiation of reproductive traits between central and peripheral populations of Allium wallichii Kunth

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanqing Tang ◽  
Demei Hu ◽  
Chao Zhang ◽  
Juan Yang ◽  
Mengda Xiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Peripheral Populations ◽  
Seed Setting ◽  
Peripheral Population ◽  
Reproductive Characteristics ◽  
Central Population ◽  
Floral Visitors ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Seed Setting Rate

The differentiation of reproductive characteristics not only exists between different populations, but also may exist within populations. In this work, the differences between the central and peripheral populations were experimentally compared and analyzed in terms of biodiversity index, plant traits, anthesis, pollen germination, floral visitors, seed setting rate, and ploidy. The results showed that the diversity and richness of other plant species, in the central population were significantly lower than those in the peripheral population, but the plant density was much higher than in the peripheral population. The plant anatomical traits, anthesis, pollen germination, floral visitors, seed setting rate, and ploidy were significantly different between central population and peripheral populations. The term increasing rate (IR) is proposed as a means of comparing morphologies in different organs. IR differences in vegetative characteristics were more stable, while those in reproductive characteristics differed significantly. For the central population, the effect of the intraspecific reproductive competition and pollinator selection on plants may significant, and morphology was differentiated in terms of reproductive characteristics. Plants in the peripheral populations were visited by many more pollinators than in the central population, and all pollinators visited infrequently. The reproductive characteristics of plants in the peripheral populations may therefore only be weakly affected by pollinator selection. The reproductive characteristics of plants in the peripheral population may weakly affected by the selection of pollinators and the variation was small. In conclusion, morphological differentiation among the different populations was associated with differences in vegetative and reproductive characteristics.

Floral visitors and reproductive success in two sequentially flowering Lindera shrubs (Lauraceae) of central Japan

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-51
Author(s):  
Yuji Tokumoto ◽  
Michinari Matsushita ◽  
Keiko Kishimoto-Yamada ◽  
Aoi Nikkeshi ◽  
Tomohiro Isogimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Central Japan ◽  
Floral Visitors
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