Evolutionary history of two pollen self-incompatibility factors reveals alternate routes to self-compatibility withinSolanum

Dragomira N. Markova; Jennifer J. Petersen; Sarah E. Yam; Adryanna Corral; Matthew J. Valle; Wentao Li; Roger T. Chetelat

doi:10.3732/ajb.1700196

Evolutionary history of two pollen self-incompatibility factors reveals alternate routes to self-compatibility withinSolanum

American Journal of Botany ◽

10.3732/ajb.1700196 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 104 (12) ◽

pp. 1904-1919 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Dragomira N. Markova ◽

Jennifer J. Petersen ◽

Sarah E. Yam ◽

Adryanna Corral ◽

Matthew J. Valle ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Evolutionary History ◽

Self Incompatibility ◽

History Of ◽

Self Compatibility ◽

Alternate Routes

Download Full-text

Breeding Systems in Diploid and Polyploid Hawthorns (Crataegus): Evidence from Experimental Pollinations of C. monogyna, C. subsphaerica, and Natural Hybrids

Forests ◽

10.3390/f10121059 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 1059

Author(s):

Dominika Vašková ◽

Vladislav Kolarčik

Keyword(s):

Evolutionary History ◽

Diploid Species ◽

Pollen Grains ◽

Breeding Systems ◽

Self Incompatibility ◽

Crossing Experiments ◽

Natural Conditions ◽

Flow Cytometric ◽

Self Compatibility ◽

First Time

Background and Objectives: Polyploidisation and frequent hybridisation play an important role in speciation processes and evolutionary history and have a large impact on reproductive systems in the genus Crataegus. Reproductive modes in selected diploid and polyploid taxa in eastern Slovakia were investigated and analysed for the first time. Materials and Methods: Diploid, triploid, and tetraploid hawthorns were tested for self-pollination, self-compatibility, and self-fertilisation. Pollination experiments were performed within and between diploid and triploid species to determine the possibilities and directions of pollen transfer under natural conditions. Seeds from crossing experiments and open pollinations were analysed using the flow cytometric seed screen method. Results: These experiments demonstrated that sexual reproduction, cross-pollination, and self-incompatibility are typical of the diploid species Crataegus monogyna and C. kyrtostyla. Seeds produced by self-fertile tetraploid C. subsphaerica were derived from both meiotically reduced and unreduced megagametophytes. Conclusions: Experimental results concerning triploid C. subsphaerica and C. laevigata × C. subsphaerica are ambiguous but suggest that seeds are almost exclusively created through apomixis, although a few sexually generated seeds were observed. In the genus Crataegus, pseudogamy is a common feature of polyploid taxa, as in all cases pollination is essential for regular seed development. Research Highlights: We suggest that all studied Crataegus taxa produce reduced pollen irrespective of ploidy level. Moreover, we emphasise that triploids produce apparently aneuploid pollen grains as a result of irregular meiosis. They are also capable of utilising pollen from 2x, 3x, or 4x donors for pseudogamous formation of endosperm.

Download Full-text

Elaborating the role of reflection and individual differences in the study of folk-economic beliefs

Behavioral and Brain Sciences ◽

10.1017/s0140525x18000274 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 41 ◽

Author(s):

Kevin Arceneaux

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Individual Differences ◽

Cognitive Processes ◽

Evolutionary History ◽

Behavioral Responses ◽

History Of ◽

Economic Beliefs

AbstractIntuitions guide decision-making, and looking to the evolutionary history of humans illuminates why some behavioral responses are more intuitive than others. Yet a place remains for cognitive processes to second-guess intuitive responses – that is, to be reflective – and individual differences abound in automatic, intuitive processing as well.

Download Full-text