scholarly journals Efeitos do Treinamento Físico Militar nas características antropométricas e no desempenho físico de militares

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jairo José Monteiro Morgado ◽  
Fabiane Frota da Rocha Morgado ◽  
Maria Elisa Caputo Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Military Organizations ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Anthropometric Characteristics ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
The Impact

Introdução: A aptidão física é um dos elementos em destaque no perfil do militar brasileiro. Todavia, estudos apontam a existência de alta prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade nesta população.Objetivo: Verificar o impacto do Treinamento Físico Militar (TFM) no perfil antropométrico e nos índices de desempenho físico de militares.Métodos: Estudo longitudinal, do qual participaram 27 alunos do sexo masculino do Período Básico do Curso de Formação de Sargentos do Exército Brasileiro (CFS). Foram realizadas avaliações antropométricas: massa corporal, estatura, dobras cutâneas (peitoral, abdominal e coxa média) e de desempenho físico: flexão de braço no solo e na barra fixa, corrida de 12 minutos e abdominal supra, exercícios que fazem parte dos Testes de Aptidão Física (TAF) realizados três vezes ao ano nas diversas organizações militares do Exército. As avaliações foram aplicadas em duas fases: uma na terceira e outra na vigésima primeira semana de instrução. A normalidade dos dados foi examinada pelo teste de Shapiro-Wilk. Para comparar os dados pré e pós período de treinamento, utilizou-se os testes pareados t de Student e de Wilcoxon.Resultados: As características antropométricas, assim como o teste de abdominal supra, não apresentaram alterações, enquanto os testes físicos apresentaram melhora estaticamente significativa nos testes de flexão de braço no solo e na barra fixa e na corrida (teste de 12 minutos de Cooper).Conclusão: O TFM mostrou-se eficiente para preparar fisicamente o militar para o combate, entretanto, políticas de incentivo a comportamentos alimentares mais saudáveis poderiam ser adotados e enfatizados no âmbito das organizações militares.Effects of Military Physical Training on anthropometric characteristics and physical performance in military personnelIntroduction: Physical fitness is one of the fundamental elements for Brazilian military personnel. However, studies indicate the existence of a high prevalence of overweight and obesity in this population.Objective: To verify the impact of Military Physical Training (MPT) on the anthropometric profile and military physical performance indices.Methods: A longitudinal study was carried out. 27 male students from the Basic Period of the Training Course for Sergeants (TCS) of the Brazilian Army participated. Anthropometric evaluations were performed: body mass, height, skin folds (pectoral, abdominal and mid-thigh) and physical performance: flexion of the arm in the ground and fixed bar, 12-minute run and abdominal supra, exercises that are part of the Physical Fitness (PF) held three times a year in the various military organizations of the Army. The evaluations were applied in two phases: one in the third and the other in the twenty-first week of education. The normality of the data was examined by the Shapiro-Wilk test. To compare pre-and post-training period data, Student’s t and Wilcoxon tests for paired samples were used.Results: The anthropometric characteristics, as well as the abdominal test above, did not present alterations, whereas the physical tests presented significant statistical improvement in the tests of arm flexion in the ground and in the fixed bar and in the race (Cooper's 12-minute test).Conclusion: MPT proved to be efficient for physical preparation for combat. Nonetheless, military organizations should adopt policies to emphasize and encourage healthier eating behaviors.

scholarly journals Impact of Malnutrition Status on Muscle Parameter Changes over a 5-Year Follow-Up of Community-Dwelling Older Adults from the SarcoPhAge Cohort

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 407
Author(s):  
Laetitia Lengelé ◽  
Olivier Bruyère ◽  
Charlotte Beaudart ◽  
Jean-Yves Reginster ◽  
Médéa Locquet
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
P Values ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

This study aimed to assess the impact of malnutrition on the 5-year evolution of physical performance, muscle mass and muscle strength in participants from the SarcoPhAge cohort, consisting of community-dwelling older adults. The malnutrition status was assessed at baseline (T0) according to the “Global Leadership Initiatives on Malnutrition” (GLIM) criteria, and the muscle parameters were evaluated both at T0 and after five years of follow-up (T5). Lean mass, muscle strength and physical performance were assessed using dual X-ray absorptiometry, handgrip dynamometry, the short physical performance battery test and the timed up and go test, respectively. Differences in muscle outcomes according to nutritional status were tested using Student’s t-test. The association between malnutrition and the relative 5-year change in the muscle parameters was tested using multiple linear regressions adjusted for several covariates. A total of 411 participants (mean age of 72.3 ± 6.1 years, 56% women) were included. Of them, 96 individuals (23%) were diagnosed with malnutrition at baseline. Their muscle parameters were significantly lower than those of the well-nourished patients both at baseline and after five years of follow-up (all p-values < 0.05), except for muscle strength in women at T5, which was not significantly lower in the presence of malnutrition. However, the 5-year changes in muscle parameters of malnourished individuals were not significantly different than those of well-nourished individuals (all p-values > 0.05).

scholarly journals Improving of Special Physical Fitness and Workability of Female Police Cadets

2021 ◽  
pp. 257-265
Author(s):  
Aleksander Yu. Osipov ◽  
Vladimir I. Lyakh ◽  
Vladimir M. Guralev ◽  
Tatyana I. Ratmanskaya ◽  
Mikhail D. Kudryavtsev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Anaerobic Power ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Crossfit Training ◽  
The Impact

The importance of evaluating the physical fitness of future police officers cannot be underestimated. Ideal physical training program must include targeting aerobic capacity, anaerobic power, muscular strength and endurance. The aim of the study: investigate the impact of two additional supervised 16-week physical fitness training programs (mixed (jumping + strength endurance) workout and CrossFit training) aimed at female police cadets. Participants: relatively healthy young female (n=28) – cadets had similar indicators of physical fitness and workability. Total time of physical training – 64 hours during 16 weeks (basic workouts – 48 hours, additional workouts – 16 hours). Group 1 (n=14) practiced additional CrossFit training. Group 2 (n=14) practiced mixed additional workout (jumping + strength endurance). Tests used to evaluate the physical fitness and workability were the following: Push–Up test, Plank test, Running test, Burpee test, Step test (PWC170), test with 30 throws. The overall positive dynamics of study results shows an increase of workability for all study participants. A reliable (p≤0.05) advantage of participants (group 2) in testing workability results (Burpee test and PWC170) was found. Experts agree that the most effective physical training programs for cadets and police officers will be combinations of intensive cardiorespiratory and strength workout. A positive impact of additional mixed (jumping + strength endurance) workout on the workability of female cadets was found. Such functional workout can be an effective alternative to CrossFit training in physical training curriculum of female police cadets

scholarly journals Influence of Healthy Physical Fitness on the Teaching of Aerobics Course Based on Big Data Mining Technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Laipeng Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Teaching Experiment ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mining Technology ◽  
Big Data Mining ◽  
The Impact

Healthy physical fitness is one of the hot topics discussed by scholars at home and abroad in recent years, and it is a key indicator for evaluating students’ physical function and body shape. Aerobics, also known as bodybuilding, means that the body and health of students should have a better promotion effect, but in reality, many students found that after elective aerobics, body shape and health level basically did not improve, which is related to the setting of aerobics courses, especially the lack of physical training. Aerobics and other sports have common requirements in physical training, such as strength quality, speed quality, endurance quality, agility quality, and flexibility quality. This article is aimed at studying the impact of healthy physical fitness based on big data mining technology on the teaching of aerobics. On the basis of analyzing the process of data mining, the composition of healthy physical fitness, and the role of aerobics, it is used to test students in a certain university through experimental methods and statistical methods. Carry out aerobics teaching experiment, and compare and analyze the data measured by the experimental samples. The experimental results show that the use of healthy physical fitness in aerobics teaching can effectively promote the learning and improvement of aerobics skills.

scholarly journals The influence of rhythm and dance to the physical fitness of children of primary school age

2014 ◽  
pp. 39-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ю. В. Голенкова ◽  
Н. І. Пальчук
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
School Age ◽  
Primary School Pupils ◽  
Primary School Age ◽  
Training Exercises ◽  
The Impact

Objective: to determine the impact of the rhythm and choreography on physical fitness of primary school pupils.Material and methods. Analysis of pedagogical and methodological literature; interviews with experts, questionnaire; surveillance; teacher testing.Research results. The influence of rhythm and choreography means the physical fitness of primary school pupils. It is shown that the use of the lessons of physical training exercises proposed rhythm and choreography contributed to a significant improvement in women flexibility and coordination hurried abilities, and the boys - flexibility

scholarly journals Effect of 6 Months of Physical Training on the Physical Fitness of Young Brazilian Army Cadets

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1439
Author(s):  
Rafael Melo De Oliveira ◽  
Eduardo Borba Neves ◽  
Samir Ezequiel Da Rosa ◽  
Runer Augusto Marson ◽  
Rodrigo Gomes de Souza Vale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Military Training ◽  
Female Group ◽  
Women In The Military ◽  
Employment Of Women ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Levene Test ◽  
Muscle Fitness

Following the increase in the employment of women in conflicts around the world, the federal government of Brazil enacted a law which determines the participation of women in the military. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of six months of physical training (PT) on the physical fitness of young Brazilian Army cadets to carry out the physical assessments provided in military training. Sixty-eight members of the (19.4 ± 1.0 years) military from the Brazilian Army (BA), with BMI of (23.61 ± 2.17/21.81 ± 2.26) respectively and divided in two groups (men/women) participated in the study. PT was conducted by Manual EB20-MC10.350. Anthropometric measurements and assessment of body composition by dual X-ray absorptiometry were performed. The Student’s t test, percentage evolution equation, and Levene test were used. Results showeda significant increase in anthropometric variables and cardiorespiratory fitness in both groups. Bone health variables and visceral fat presented a significant increase in the malegroup. In terms of muscle fitness (handgrip and isometric strength of the legs and push-up and pull-up), there was no significant variation between thegroups. Percentage evolution was greater in female group. The conclusion shows PT was able to cause beneficial changes, promoting positive improvement in bone health, especially in women. Also, PT was shown to enhance cardiorespiratory capacity, and muscle fitness of the upper limbs in all participants.

scholarly journals RECREATION EFFECT OF THE ‘STRETCHING’ SYSTEM ON THE PHYSICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL STATE OF MIDDLE AGED WOMEN

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olena Polianychko ◽  
Anatoliy Yeretyk ◽  
Natalia Gavrylova ◽  
Svitlana Biriuchynska ◽  
Danylo Liubov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Spinal Mobility ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Physical Culture ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Culture And Health ◽  
Fitness Programs ◽  
Condition Of Women ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. Today, the Stretching system is an effective way to increase the level of physical activity of middle-aged women. The introduction of elements of the "Stretching" system in the author’s fitness programs at the "Faktura" fitness center in Kyiv encourages the study of their impact on the physical and psychological condition of women. The aim of this work is to study the impact of physical culture and health classes using the system "Stretching" on the physical and psycho-emotional state of middleaged women. Material and methods. In the course of the research the following methods were used: analysis of a scientific writer on the research topic, questionnaires, flexibility tests using exercises for spinal mobility, methods of mathematical statistics. The research was conducted on the basis of Fitness Studio "Invoice" in Kyiv. The study involved middle-aged women aged 21-35, who are engaged in a fitness studio (a total of 64 people). Results. As a result of the study, it was found to improve flexibility, increase the level of physical performance, physical fitness of women. During the study, it was found that in the structure of motivation of middle-aged women to exercise using the "Stretching" system in the first place is a preventive and health motive. Conclusions. In the course of the study it was found that in addition to improving flexibility, classes using the "Stretching" system help to increase the level of physical performance, physical fitness of middle-aged women. In the structure of motivation of middle-aged women to classes using the means of the "Stretching" system in the first place is a preventive and health motive.

scholarly journals Efficiency of military-applied sports to increase the level of cadets’ special physical fitness

2021 ◽  
pp. 111-114
Author(s):  
V. P. Yahodzinskyi ◽  
S. О. Yuriev ◽  
O. M. Kisilyuk ◽  
I. V. Hlibovuch ◽  
A. M. Nikitin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Military Academy ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Impact

Modern conditions of military-professional (combat) activity of servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine require a high level of development of their physical and volitional qualities, as well as military-applied motor skills. The most effective for ensuring the development and formation of these qualities and skills of servicemen are military-applied sports. Military pentathlon is a modern military-applied sport that is popular among cadets. The article examines the impact of military pentathlon on the dynamics of cadets’ special physical fitness. The study was conducted at the Military Academy (Odessa) in 2016–2021. The study involved cadets (ages 17–24) who attended a military pentathlon sports section (experimental group (EG), n = 30). The level and dynamics of special physical training of EG cadets were checked according to the exercises that are competitive in military pentathlon, during the annual military pentathlon competitions for the championship of Military Academy. The assessment was carried out according to the following tests: shooting with an AK-74, overcoming an obstacle course of 500 m, swimming 50 m with obstacles, throwing grenades, cross-country 8 km. It was found that at the end of training at the academy EG cadets significantly improved (p≤0,001) indicators: in shooting – by 36.8 points, in overcoming the obstacle course 500 m – by 59.2 s, in swimming 50 m with obstacles – by 5.4 is, in throwing grenades – for 38.9 points, in cross-country for 8 km – for 7 min 21.3 s. This indicates the positive impact of military pentathlon on the level of special physical training of cadets and the formation of their military-applied motor skills.

Physical Performance Among Air Force ROTC Cadets Following Non-Mandatory Training

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (10) ◽  
pp. 818-823
Author(s):  
Cameron S. Mackey ◽  
Quincy Johnson ◽  
J. Jay Dawes ◽  
Jason M. DeFreitas
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Air Force ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Field Training ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Mandatory Training ◽  
Rotc Cadets ◽  
Academic Calendar ◽  
Run Time

INTRODUCTION: Due to the standard collegiate academic calendar (two semesters), U.S. Air Force Reserve Officers Training Corps (ROTC) cadets have an approximate 3-mo break over the summer in which physical training (PT) is neither regulated nor required. The purpose of this investigation was to determine if significant changes in cadet physical fitness assessment (PFA) scores occur after a 3-mo summer break when training is not mandatory.METHODS: Male (N 28) and female (N 10) cadets performed the PFA in April and August. Cadets were split into two groups depending on if they participated in field training over the summer [FT; N 12 (men 6, women 6)] or did not [NFT; N 26 (men 22, women 4)] to determine if engaging in field training had any effect on performance.RESULTS: Cadets performed significantly better on run time (7%), pushups (7.6%), sit-ups (5.8%), and overall composite score (3.6%) before summer break compared to after. Significant time group interactions were observed for abdominal circumference and run time. Abdominal circumference paired samples t-tests indicated that while the FT group did not differ between the spring and fall time points, the NFT did. There was a main effect for time in which cadets had a significantly larger abdominal circumference in the spring compared to the fall semester.CONCLUSION: Nonmandatory physical training over summer break may significantly decrease a cadets performance on the PFA. Additionally, it appears that even the inclusion of field training for some cadets was not enough to prevent the detraining that took place over summer break.Mackey CS, Johnson Q, Dawes JJ, DeFreitas JM. Physical performance among Air Force ROTC cadets following non-mandatory training. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2020; 91(10):818823.

Excessive body weight versus physical fitness in adults with moderate and severe intellectual disabilities

2020 ◽  
Vol LXXXI (1) ◽  
pp. 28-36
Author(s):  
Krystyna Gawlik ◽  
Anna Zwierzchowska ◽  
Barbara Rosołek ◽  
Diana Celebańska ◽  
Georgina Franusz
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Lower Extremity Muscle ◽  
Severe Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
The Impact

An increasing number of people with intellectual disabilities (ID) are characterized by an excess of body weight. The impact of overweight and obesity on motor skills in this population is ambiguous. The study aimed to review the impact of overweight and obesity on the physical fitness of adults with intellectual disabilities. The study covered 128 people with ID: 70 women (W) and 58 men (M); 62 people with moderate intellectual disabilities and 66 people with severe intellectual disabilities. The following measurements were taken: body mass (BM), body height (BH), and waist circumference (WC). BMI was calculated. The physical fitness level was assessed with the Eurofit Special test. Obesity and overweight were found in 37% and 24% of W and 39% and 22% of M respectively; in 40% and 17% of people with moderate ID and 36% and 28% of people with severe ID respectively. Significant negative correlations between speed and BMI and WC, and between core muscle strength and WC were found in women. In men, negative correlations were found: between core muscle strength and BM, BMI, and WC; between flexibility and BM, BMI, and WC; between lower extremity muscle strength and BMI and WC; and between balance and BMI. Further, obese men had significantly lower scores compared to the normal weight sample in the following tests: balance (T1), lower extremity muscle strength (T2), speed (T4), and core muscle strength (T6). The study showed a relationship between obesity and scores in physical fitness tests. More relationships were found in men than women and in people with severe ID than moderate ID.

scholarly journals Eating Speed, Eating Frequency, and Their Relationships with Diet Quality, Adiposity, and Metabolic Syndrome, or Its Components

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1687
Author(s):  
Tany E. Garcidueñas-Fimbres ◽  
Indira Paz-Graniel ◽  
Stephanie K. Nishi ◽  
Jordi Salas-Salvadó ◽  
Nancy Babio
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Eating Frequency ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
The Impact

Excess body weight is a major global health concern, particularly due to its associated increased health risks. Several strategies have been proposed to prevent overweight and obesity onset. In the past decade, it has been suggested that eating speed/rate and eating frequency might be related to obesity. The main aim of this narrative review was to summarize existing evidence regarding the impact of eating speed/rate and eating frequency on adiposity, metabolic syndrome (MetS), or diet quality (DQ). For this purpose, a literature search of observational and interventional trials was conducted between June and September 2020 in PubMed and Web of Sciences databases, without any data filters and no limitations for publication date. Results suggest that children and adults with a faster eating speed/rate may be associated with a higher risk of developing adiposity, MetS or its components. Furthermore, a higher eating frequency could be associated with diet quality improvement, lower adiposity, and lower risk of developing MetS or its components. Further interventional trials are warranted to clarify the mechanism by which these eating behaviors might have a potential impact on health.

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