scholarly journals Determinação dos eventos da marcha com diferentes frequências de aquisição em plataformas de força

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateus Corrêa Silveira ◽  
Francielle Marques Pivetta ◽  
Carlos Bolli Mota
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Data Acquisition ◽  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Kinetic Data ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Heel Strike ◽  
Kinematic Data ◽  
Detection Delay ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Event Times

Introdução: A análise da marcha permite avaliar parâmetros da marcha de diferentes populações. Frequentemente essas variáveis estão associadas aos eventos que determinam as fases da marcha: o toque do calcanhar e a saída do pé. Os dados fornecidos por plataformas de força são considerados ideais para detectar o instante correto desses eventos, mas o efeito de diferentes frequências de aquisição adotadas para determiná-los não é muito conhecido.Objetivo: Determinar o efeito de diferentes frequências de aquisição de plataformas de força para detectar os eventos da marcha.Métodos: Um homem adulto caminhou na sua velocidade preferida. Os dados cinéticos foram obtidos por duas plataformas de força com frequências de aquisição em 1000 Hz. Após as coletas, os dados foram amostrados novamente em 500 Hz, 250 Hz, 200 Hz e 100 Hz, removendo amostras a partir eliminação de múltiplos. Dois limiares de força foram adotados na detecção dos dois eventos: 5 Newtons e 20 Newtons.Resultados: Os resultados mostraram diferenças entre todas as frequências de aquisição, exceto 250 Hz e 200 Hz, para o toque do calcanhar e a saída do pé em ambos os limiares de força. Um atraso na detecção dos eventos foi observado à medida que a frequência de aquisição diminuía.Conclusão: Maiores frequências de aquisição das plataformas são mais apropriadas para a detecção dos eventos da marcha. Os dados cinéticos podem ser mais precisos para definir os tempos de apoio e balanço do que dados cinemáticos.Determination of Gait Events with Different Force Plate Acquisition FrequenciesIntroduction: Gait analysis allows assessing walking parameters of different populations. Frequently, these variables are associated with events which determine the phases of the gait: the heel strike and the foot off. Data provided by force plates are considered a good mean to detect precise event times, however the effect of different data acquisition frequencies adopted are still unknown.Objective: To determine the effect of different acquisition frequencies of force plates on gait events detection.Introduction: Gait analysis allows assessing walking parameters of different populations. Frequently, these variables are associated with events which determine the phases of the gait: the heel strike and the foot off. Data provided by force plates are considered a good mean to detect precise event times, however the effect of different data acquisition frequencies adopted are still unknown.Methods: An adult man walked in his preferred gait speed. Kinetic data were obtained by two force plates with acquisition frequency of 1000 Hz. After data collection, the data was resampled again in 500 Hz, 250 Hz, 200 Hz e 100 Hz, removing samples by eliminating multiples. Two force thresholds were adopted to detect gait events: 5 Newtons e 20 Newtons.Results: Differences between all frequencies of acquisition were shown, except between 250 Hz and 200 Hz, for both heel strike and foot off and force thresholds. A detection delay is observed as the acquisition frequency decrease.Conclusion: Higher force plates acquisition frequencies are better to detect gait events Kinect data can be more accurate to define stance and swing times than kinematic data.

scholarly journals Closing the Wearable Gap-Part VII: A Retrospective of Stretch Sensor Tool Kit Development for Benchmark Testing

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1457
Author(s):  
Purva Talegaonkar ◽  
David Saucier ◽  
Will Carroll ◽  
Preston Peranich ◽  
Erin Parker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Mean Squared Error ◽  
Fatigue Testing ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Benchmark Testing ◽  
Kinematic Data ◽  
Gap Series ◽  
Core Components

This paper presents a retrospective of the benchmark testing methodologies developed and accumulated into the stretch sensor tool kit (SSTK) by the research team during the Closing the Wearable Gap series of studies. The techniques developed to validate stretchable soft robotic sensors (SRS) as a means for collecting human kinetic and kinematic data at the foot-ankle complex and at the wrist are reviewed. Lessons learned from past experiments are addressed, as well as what comprises the current SSTK based on what the researchers learned over the course of multiple studies. Three core components of the SSTK are featured: (a) material testing tools, (b) data analysis software, and (c) data collection devices. Results collected indicate that the stretch sensors are a viable means for predicting kinematic data based on the most recent gait analysis study conducted by the researchers (average root mean squared error or RMSE = 3.63°). With the aid of SSTK defined in this study summary and shared with the academic community on GitHub, researchers will be able to undergo more rigorous validation methodologies of SRS validation. A summary of the current state of the SSTK is detailed and includes insight into upcoming experiments that will utilize more sophisticated techniques for fatigue testing and gait analysis, utilizing SRS as the data collection solution.

FEASIBILITY OF ESTIMATING JOINT MOMENTS DURING GAIT WITH ONLY KINEMATIC DATA

2002 ◽  
Vol 02 (02) ◽  
pp. 131-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
HARUHIKO SATO ◽  
PAUL D. ANDREW
Keyword(s):  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Vertical Force ◽  
Joint Moments ◽  
Kinematic Data ◽  
Reaction Forces ◽  
Pathological Gait ◽  
Analysis System

A preliminary model is presented for estimating floor reaction forces during human walking based only on kinematic data. Such a model would be useful for supplementing purely qualitative gait analysis performed in clinics where force plates would be an unaffordable luxury, but not for situations in which quantitative data would be used in making such decisions as how to perform an orthopedic surgery. In this model, the vertical components of floor reaction forces are determined by conventional double differentiation of kinematic data, but the horizontal (fore-aft) components are based instead on constraints in which the floor reaction forces are characterized as acting through the center of mass of the upper body. To assess the accuracy of our calculations, we gathered data of gait by a healthy 22-year-old woman using a motion analysis system with force plates. Pathological gait data were also examined. Joint moments were computed from both force plate data and from our estimates of floor reaction forces. Prediction of vertical force showed higher reliability than prediction of fore-aft force. Joint moments from kinematics were successfully calculated in normal gait, but not in pathological gait, especially at the hip joint. The proposed approach may have some merit for performing a gait analysis even when no force plate is present, but the inaccuracy increases in the case of a subject whose upper body sways during gait.

Force Plate Analysis of Dogs with Bilateral Hip Dysplasia Treated with a Unilateral Triple Pelvic Osteotomy: A Long-term Review of Cases

1998 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
pp. 85-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne R. Cockshutt ◽  
H. Dobson ◽  
C. W. Miller ◽  
D. L. Holmberg ◽  
Connie L. Taves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Hip Dysplasia ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Pelvic Osteotomy ◽  
Vertical Force ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Case Series Study

SummaryA retrospective case series study was done to determine the long-term outcome of operations upon dogs treated for canine hip dysplasia by means of a triple pelvic osteotomy (TPO). Twentyfour dogs with bilateral hip dysplasia, that received a unilateral TPO between January 1988 and June 1995, were re-examined at the Ontario Veterinary College. The assessment included physical, orthopedic and lameness examinations, standard blood work, pelvic radiographs and force plate gait analysis. They were compared to bilaterally dysplastic dogs that had not been treated, and also to normal dogs. Force plate data analysis demonstrated a significant increase in peak vertical force (PVF) and mean vertical force over stance (MVF) in the limb that underwent surgical correction by means of a TPO, when compared to the unoperated hip. It was determined that performing a unilateral TPO on a young dysplastic dog resulted in greater forces and weight bearing being projected through the TPO corrected limb when compared to the unoperated limb.Dogs with bilateral hip dysplasia treated with a unilateral triple pelvic osteotomy (TPO) were assessed by force plate gait analysis, radiographs and orthopedic examination. There was a significant increase in hip Norberg angles over time, although degenerative changes did progress. Limbs that had been operated upon had significantly greater peak and mean ground reaction forces than limbs that had not received an operation.

scholarly journals Wearable Sensor-Based Real-Time Gait Detection: A Systematic Review

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 2727
Author(s):  
Hari Prasanth ◽  
Miroslav Caban ◽  
Urs Keller ◽  
Grégoire Courtine ◽  
Auke Ijspeert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Heel Strike ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
Pathological Gait

Gait analysis has traditionally been carried out in a laboratory environment using expensive equipment, but, recently, reliable, affordable, and wearable sensors have enabled integration into clinical applications as well as use during activities of daily living. Real-time gait analysis is key to the development of gait rehabilitation techniques and assistive devices such as neuroprostheses. This article presents a systematic review of wearable sensors and techniques used in real-time gait analysis, and their application to pathological gait. From four major scientific databases, we identified 1262 articles of which 113 were analyzed in full-text. We found that heel strike and toe off are the most sought-after gait events. Inertial measurement units (IMU) are the most widely used wearable sensors and the shank and foot are the preferred placements. Insole pressure sensors are the most common sensors for ground-truth validation for IMU-based gait detection. Rule-based techniques relying on threshold or peak detection are the most widely used gait detection method. The heterogeneity of evaluation criteria prevented quantitative performance comparison of all methods. Although most studies predicted that the proposed methods would work on pathological gait, less than one third were validated on such data. Clinical applications of gait detection algorithms were considered, and we recommend a combination of IMU and rule-based methods as an optimal solution.

scholarly journals Force Plate Gait Analysis in Doberman Pinschers with and without Cervical Spondylomyelopathy

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Foss ◽  
R.C. da Costa ◽  
P.J. Rajala-Shultz ◽  
M.J. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Cervical Spondylomyelopathy ◽  
Doberman Pinschers

Standing radiographic measurements vs force plate gait analysis of moderate gonarthrosis

1989 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1087
Author(s):  
Ola K. Svensson ◽  
Lars Weidenhielm ◽  
Lars-Åke Broström ◽  
Jan Ekholm
Keyword(s):  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Radiographic Measurements

scholarly journals An Evaluation of Three Kinematic Methods for Gait Event Detection Compared to the Kinetic-Based ‘Gold Standard’

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (18) ◽  
pp. 5272
Author(s):  
Nicole Zahradka ◽  
Khushboo Verma ◽  
Ahad Behboodi ◽  
Barry Bodt ◽  
Henry Wright ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Event Detection ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Kinetic Data ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Typically Developing Children ◽  
Sensor Signals ◽  
Video Sensor

Video- and sensor-based gait analysis systems are rapidly emerging for use in ‘real world’ scenarios outside of typical instrumented motion analysis laboratories. Unlike laboratory systems, such systems do not use kinetic data from force plates, rather, gait events such as initial contact (IC) and terminal contact (TC) are estimated from video and sensor signals. There are, however, detection errors inherent in kinematic gait event detection methods (GEDM) and comparative study between classic laboratory and video/sensor-based systems is warranted. For this study, three kinematic methods: coordinate based treadmill algorithm (CBTA), shank angular velocity (SK), and foot velocity algorithm (FVA) were compared to ‘gold standard’ force plate methods (GS) for determining IC and TC in adults (n = 6), typically developing children (n = 5) and children with cerebral palsy (n = 6). The root mean square error (RMSE) values for CBTA, SK, and FVA were 27.22, 47.33, and 78.41 ms, respectively. On average, GED was detected earlier in CBTA and SK (CBTA: −9.54 ± 0.66 ms, SK: −33.41 ± 0.86 ms) and delayed in FVA (21.00 ± 1.96 ms). The statistical model demonstrated insensitivity to variations in group, side, and individuals. Out of three kinematic GEDMs, SK GEDM can best be used for sensor-based gait event detection.

scholarly journals The network social support experience of people involved in home care

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 484-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Meireles Gomes ◽  
Maria Ribeiro Lacerda ◽  
Nen Nalú Alves das Mercês
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Shared Responsibility ◽  
Theory Method ◽  
Grounded Theory Method ◽  
Data Collection And Analysis ◽  
Different Populations

Objective: To build a theoretical model to configure the network social support experience of people involved in home care. Method: A quantitative approach research, utilizing the Grounded Theory method. The simultaneous data collection and analysis allowed the interpretation of the phenomenon meaning The network social support of people involved in home care. Results: The population passive posture in building their well-being was highlighted. The need of a shared responsibility between the involved parts, population and State is recognized. Conclusion: It is suggested for nurses to be stimulated to amplify home care to attend the demands of caregivers; and to elaborate new studies with different populations, to validate or complement the proposed theoretical model.


scholarly journals Human Gait-labeling Uncertainty and a Hybrid Model for Gait Segmentation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaen Wu ◽  
Henrik Maurenbrecher ◽  
Alessandro Schaer ◽  
Barna Becsek ◽  
Chris Awai Easthope ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Motion Capture ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Human Gait ◽  
Heel Strike ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Flat Foot ◽  
Dynamic Time ◽  
Human Gait Analysis

<div><div><div><p>Motion capture systems are widely accepted as ground-truth for gait analysis and are used for the validation of other gait analysis systems.To date, their reliability and limitations in manual labeling of gait events have not been studied.</p><p><b>Objectives</b>: Evaluate human manual labeling uncertainty and introduce a new hybrid gait analysis model for long-term monitoring.</p><p><b>Methods</b>: Evaluate and estimate inter-labeler inconsistencies by computing the limits-of-agreement; develop a model based on dynamic time warping and convolutional neural network to identify a valid stride and eliminate non-stride data in walking inertial data collected by a wearable device; Gait events are detected within a valid stride region afterwards; This method makes the subsequent data computation more efficient and robust.</p><p><b>Results</b>: The limits of inter-labeler agreement for key</p><p>gait events of heel off, toe off, heel strike, and flat foot are 72 ms, 16 ms, 22 ms, and 80 ms, respectively; The hybrid model's classification accuracy for a stride and a non-stride are 95.16% and 84.48%, respectively; The mean absolute error for detected heel off, toe off, heel strike, and flat foot are 24 ms, 5 ms, 9 ms, and 13 ms, respectively.</p><p><b>Conclusions</b>: The results show the inherent label uncertainty and the limits of human gait labeling of motion capture data; The proposed hybrid-model's performance is comparable to that of human labelers and it is a valid model to reliably detect strides in human gait data.</p><p><b>Significance</b>: This work establishes the foundation for fully automated human gait analysis systems with performances comparable to human-labelers.</p></div></div></div>

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