scholarly journals A Consecutive Lehmer Code for Parabolic Quotients of the Symmetric Group

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjie Fang ◽  
Henri Mühle ◽  
Jean-Christophe Novelli
Keyword(s):  
Symmetric Group ◽  
Simple Proof ◽  
Open Problem ◽  
Lattice Isomorphism ◽  
Tamari Lattice ◽  
Lehmer Code

In this article we define an encoding for parabolic permutations that distinguishes between parabolic $231$-avoiding permutations. We prove that the componentwise order on these codes realizes the parabolic Tamari lattice, and conclude a direct and simple proof that the parabolic Tamari lattice is isomorphic to a certain $\nu$-Tamari lattice, with an explicit bijection. Furthermore, we prove that this bijection is closely related to the map $\Theta$ used when the lattice isomorphism was first proved in (Ceballos, Fang and Mühle, 2020), settling an open problem therein.

scholarly journals Cayley Graphs on the Symmetric Group Generated by Initial Reversals have Unit Spectral Gap

10.37236/267 ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Filippo Cesi
Keyword(s):  
Irreducible Representation ◽  
Symmetric Group ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Cayley Graph ◽  
Simple Proof ◽  
Spectral Gap ◽  
Cayley Graphs ◽  
Complete Spectrum ◽  
Nonzero Eigenvalue ◽  
Direct Sum

In a recent paper Gunnells, Scott and Walden have determined the complete spectrum of the Schreier graph on the symmetric group corresponding to the Young subgroup $S_{n-2}\times S_2$ and generated by initial reversals. In particular they find that the first nonzero eigenvalue, or spectral gap, of the Laplacian is always 1, and report that "empirical evidence" suggests that this also holds for the corresponding Cayley graph. We provide a simple proof of this last assertion, based on the decomposition of the Laplacian of Cayley graphs, into a direct sum of irreducible representation matrices of the symmetric group.

On the interpolation theorem for the logic of constant domains

1981 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. G. K. López-Escobar
Keyword(s):  
Simple Proof ◽  
Open Problem ◽  
Formal System ◽  
Kripke Model ◽  
Interpolation Theorem ◽  
Predicate Calculus ◽  
Weak Consistency ◽  
Simple Matter ◽  
Constant Domains

In Gabbay [1] it is stated as an open problem whether or not Craig's Theorem holds for the logic of constant domains CD, i.e. for the extension of the intuitionistic predicate calculus, IPC, obtained by adding the schema; . Then in the later article, [2], Gabbay gives a proof of it. The proof given in [2] is via Robinson's (weak) consistency theorem and depends on relatively complicated (Kripke-) model-theoretical constructions developed in [1] (see p. 392 of [1] for a brief sketch of the method). The aim of this note is to show that the interpolation theorem for CD can also be obtained, by simple proof-theoretic methods, from §80 of Kleene's Introduction to Metamathematics [3].GI is the classical formal system whose postulates are given on p. 442 of [3]. Let GD be the system obtained from GI by the following modifications: (1) the sequents of GD are to have at most two formulas in their succedents and (2) the intuitionistic restriction that Θ be empty is required for the succedent rules (→ ¬) and (→ ⊃). It is a simple matter to show that: , x not free in . It then follows that, using Theorem 46 of [3], if then .

scholarly journals Noncrossing Arc Diagrams, Tamari Lattices, and Parabolic Quotients of the Symmetric Group

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henri Mühle
Keyword(s):  
Symmetric Group ◽  
Partial Order ◽  
Structural Investigation ◽  
Canonical Representation ◽  
Weak Order ◽  
Noncrossing Partitions ◽  
Tamari Lattice ◽  
Semidistributive Lattice ◽  
Tamari Lattices

AbstractOrdering permutations by containment of inversion sets yields a fascinating partial order on the symmetric group: the weak order. This partial order is, among other things, a semidistributive lattice. As a consequence, every permutation has a canonical representation as a join of other permutations. Combinatorially, these canonical join representations can be modeled in terms of arc diagrams. Moreover, these arc diagrams also serve as a model to understand quotient lattices of the weak order. A particularly well-behaved quotient lattice of the weak order is the well-known Tamari lattice, which appears in many seemingly unrelated areas of mathematics. The arc diagrams representing the members of the Tamari lattices are better known as noncrossing partitions. Recently, the Tamari lattices were generalized to parabolic quotients of the symmetric group. In this article, we undertake a structural investigation of these parabolic Tamari lattices, and explain how modified arc diagrams aid the understanding of these lattices.

scholarly journals Tamari Lattices for Parabolic Quotients of the Symmetric Group

2015 ◽  
Vol DMTCS Proceedings, 27th... (Proceedings) ◽  
Author(s):  
Henri Mühle ◽  
Nathan Williams
Keyword(s):  
Symmetric Group ◽  
Coxeter Groups ◽  
Weak Order ◽  
Set Partitions ◽  
Tamari Lattice ◽  
Nous Montrons ◽  
International Audience ◽  
Tamari Lattices

International audience We present a generalization of the Tamari lattice to parabolic quotients of the symmetric group. More precisely, we generalize the notions of 231-avoiding permutations, noncrossing set partitions, and nonnesting set partitions to parabolic quotients, and show bijectively that these sets are equinumerous. Furthermore, the restriction of weak order on the parabolic quotient to the parabolic 231-avoiding permutations is a lattice quotient. Lastly, we suggest how to extend these constructions to all Coxeter groups. Nous présentons une généralisation du treillis de Tamari aux quotients paraboliques du groupe symétrique. Plus précisément, nous généralisons les notions de permutations qui évitent le motif 231, les partitions non-croisées, et les partitions non-emboîtées aux quotients paraboliques, et nous montrons de façon bijective que ces ensembles sont équipotents. En restreignant l’ordre faible du quotient parabolique aux permutations paraboliques qui évitent le motif 231, on obtient un quotient de treillis d’ordre faible. Enfin, nous suggérons comment étendre ces constructions à tous les groupes de Coxeter.

scholarly journals On a Subposet of the Tamari Lattice

2012 ◽  
Vol DMTCS Proceedings vol. AR,... (Proceedings) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian A. Csar ◽  
Rik Sengupta ◽  
Warut Suksompong
Keyword(s):  
Symmetric Group ◽  
Partial Order ◽  
Tamari Lattice ◽  
Nous Montrons ◽  
International Audience ◽  
The Common ◽  
Binary Functions

International audience We discuss some properties of a subposet of the Tamari lattice introduced by Pallo (1986), which we call the comb poset. We show that three binary functions that are not well-behaved in the Tamari lattice are remarkably well-behaved within an interval of the comb poset: rotation distance, meets and joins, and the common parse words function for a pair of trees. We relate this poset to a partial order on the symmetric group studied by Edelman (1989). Nous discutons d'un subposet du treillis de Tamari introduit par Pallo. Nous appellons ce poset le comb poset. Nous montrons que trois fonctions binaires qui ne se comptent pas bien dans le trellis de Tamari se comptent bien dans un intervalle du comb poset : distance dans le trellis de Tamari, le supremum et l'infimum et les parsewords communs. De plus, nous discutons un rapport entre ce poset et un ordre partiel dans le groupe symétrique étudié par Edelman.

scholarly journals The Number of Intervals in the $m$-Tamari Lattices

10.37236/2027 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mireille Bousquet-Mélou ◽  
Éric Fusy ◽  
Louis-François Préville-Ratelle
Keyword(s):  
Functional Equation ◽  
Generating Function ◽  
Open Problem ◽  
Lattice Structure ◽  
Square Grid ◽  
Tamari Lattice ◽  
Bijective Proof ◽  
Tamari Lattices

An $m$-ballot path of size $n$ is a path on the square grid consisting of north and east steps, starting at $(0,0)$, ending at $(mn,n)$, and never going below the line $\{x=my\}$. The set of these paths can be equipped with a lattice structure, called the $m$-Tamari lattice and denoted by $\mathcal{T}_n^{(m)}$, which generalizes the usual Tamari lattice $\mathcal{T}_n$ obtained when $m=1$. We prove that the number of intervals in this lattice is $$ \frac {m+1}{n(mn+1)} {(m+1)^2 n+m\choose n-1}. $$ This formula was recently conjectured by Bergeron in connection with the study of diagonal coinvariant spaces. The case $m=1$ was proved a few years ago by Chapoton. Our proof is based on a recursive description of intervals, which translates into a functional equation satisfied by the associated generating function. The solution of this equation is an algebraic series, obtained by a guess-and-check approach. Finding a bijective proof remains an open problem.

scholarly journals The representation of the symmetric group on $m$-Tamari intervals (conference version)

2012 ◽  
Vol DMTCS Proceedings vol. AR,... (Proceedings) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mireille Bousquet-Mélou ◽  
Guillaume Chapuy ◽  
Louis-François Préville-Ratelle
Keyword(s):  
Symmetric Group ◽  
Lattice Structure ◽  
Parking Functions ◽  
Tamari Lattice ◽  
The North ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
International Audience ◽  
Associated Representation ◽  
Frobenius Series ◽  
Refined Version

International audience An $m$-ballot path of size $n$ is a path on the square grid consisting of north and east unit steps, starting at (0,0), ending at $(mn,n)$, and never going below the line $\{x=my\}$. The set of these paths can be equipped with a lattice structure, called the $m$-Tamari lattice and denoted by $\mathcal{T}{_n}^{(m)}$, which generalizes the usual Tamari lattice $\mathcal{T}n$ obtained when $m=1$. This lattice was introduced by F. Bergeron in connection with the study of diagonally coinvariant spaces in three sets of $n$ variables. The representation of the symmetric group $\mathfrak{S}_n$ on these spaces is conjectured to be closely related to the natural representation of $\mathfrak{S}_n$ on (labelled) intervals of the $m$-Tamari lattice studied in this paper. An interval $[P,Q$] of $\mathcal{T}{_n}^{(m)}$ is labelled if the north steps of $Q$ are labelled from 1 to $n$ in such a way the labels increase along any sequence of consecutive north steps. The symmetric group $\mathfrak{S}_n$ acts on labelled intervals of $\mathcal{T}{_n}^{(m)}$by permutation of the labels. We prove an explicit formula, conjectured by F. Bergeron and the third author, for the character of the associated representation of $\mathfrak{S}_n$. In particular, the dimension of the representation, that is, the number of labelled $m$-Tamari intervals of size $n$, is found to be $(m+1)^n(mn+1)^{n-2}$. These results are new, even when $m=1$. The form of these numbers suggests a connection with parking functions, but our proof is not bijective. The starting point is a recursive description of $m$-Tamari intervals. It yields an equation for an associated generating function, which is a refined version of the Frobenius series of the representation. The form of this equation is highly non-standard: it involves two additional variables $x$ and $y$, a derivative with respect to $y$ and iterated divided differences with respect to $x$. The hardest part of the proof consists in solving it, and we develop original techniques to do so.

scholarly journals On several new Qi’s inequalities

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-95
Author(s):  
YIN LI ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Simple Proof ◽  
Open Problem ◽  
Negative Answer

In this paper, we give a simple proof of Qi’s inequality and a negative answer to an open problem.

scholarly journals An extension of Tamari lattices

2015 ◽  
Vol DMTCS Proceedings, 27th... (Proceedings) ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis-François Préville-Ratelle ◽  
Xavier Viennot
Keyword(s):  
Symmetric Group ◽  
Binary Tree ◽  
Prime Numbers ◽  
Binary Trees ◽  
Square Lattice ◽  
Reverse Order ◽  
Tamari Lattice ◽  
Nous Montrons ◽  
International Audience ◽  
Tamari Lattices

International audience For any finite path $v$ on the square lattice consisting of north and east unit steps, we construct a poset Tam$(v)$ that consists of all the paths lying weakly above $v$ with the same endpoints as $v$. For particular choices of $v$, we recover the traditional Tamari lattice and the $m$-Tamari lattice. In particular this solves the problem of extending the $m$-Tamari lattice to any pair $(a; b)$ of relatively prime numbers in the context of the so-called rational Catalan combinatorics.For that purpose we introduce the notion of canopy of a binary tree and explicit a bijection between pairs $(u; v)$ of paths in Tam$(v)$ and binary trees with canopy $v$. Let $(\overleftarrow{v})$ be the path obtained from $v$ by reading the unit steps of $v$ in reverse order and exchanging east and north steps. We show that the poset Tam$(v)$ is isomorphic to the dual of the poset Tam$(\overleftarrow{v})$ and that Tam$(v)$ is isomorphic to the set of binary trees having the canopy $v$, which is an interval of the ordinary Tamari lattice. Thus the usual Tamari lattice is partitioned into (smaller) lattices Tam$(v)$, where the $v$’s are all the paths of length $n-1$ on the square lattice.We explain possible connections between the poset Tam$(v)$ and (the combinatorics of) the generalized diagonal coinvariant spaces of the symmetric group. Pour tout chemin $v$ sur le réseau carré formé de pas Nord et Est, nous construisons un ensemble partiellement ordonné Tam $(v)$ dont les éléments sont les chemins au dessus de $v$ et ayant les mêmes extrémités. Pour certains choix de $v$ nous retrouvons le classique treillis de Tamari ainsi que son extension $m$-Tamari. En particulier nous résolvons le problème d’étendre le treillis $m$-Tamari à toute paire $(a; b)$ d’entiers premiers entre eux dans le contexte de la combinatoire rationnelle de Catalan.Pour ceci nous introduisons la notion de canopée d’un arbre binaire et explicitons une bijection entre les paires $(u; v)$ de chemins dans Tam$(v)$ et les arbres binaires ayant la canopée $v$. Soit $(\overleftarrow{v})$ le chemin obtenu en lisant les pas en ordre inverse et en échangeant les pas Est et Nord. Nous montrons que Tam$(v)$ est isomorphe au dual de Tam$(\overleftarrow{v})$ et que Tam$(v)$ est isomorphe à l’ensemble des arbres binaires ayant la canopée $v$, qui est un intervalle du treillis de Tamari ordinaire. Ainsi le traditionnel treillis de Tamari admet une partition en plus petits treillis Tam$(v)$, où les $v$ sont tous les chemins de longueur $n-1$ sur le réseau carré. Enfin nous explicitons les liens possibles entre l’ensemble ordonné Tam$(v)$ et (la combinatoire des) espaces diagonaux coinvariants généralisés du groupe symétrique.

scholarly journals Tamari Lattices for Parabolic Quotients of the Symmetric Group

10.37236/7844 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Henri Mühle ◽  
Nathan Williams
Keyword(s):  
Symmetric Group ◽  
Coxeter Group ◽  
Main Ingredient ◽  
Set Partitions ◽  
Tamari Lattice ◽  
Finite Coxeter Group ◽  
Tamari Lattices

We generalize the Tamari lattice by extending the notions of $231$-avoiding permutations, noncrossing set partitions, and nonnesting set partitions to parabolic quotients of the symmetric group $\mathfrak{S}_{n}$.  We show bijectively that these three objects are equinumerous.  We show how to extend these constructions to parabolic quotients of any finite Coxeter group.  The main ingredient is a certain aligned condition of inversion sets; a concept which can in fact be generalized to any reduced expression of any element in any (not necessarily finite) Coxeter group.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document