scholarly journals Architectural and engineering design criteria for earthquake resistant masonry infilled RC frames containing openings

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
Davorin Penava ◽  
Daniel Alejandro Arciniega Larrea ◽  
Filip Anić ◽  
Lars Abrahamczyk
Keyword(s):  
Coupled System ◽  
Masonry Wall ◽  
Infilled Frame ◽  
Failure Patterns ◽  
Rc Frames ◽  
Earthquake Resistant ◽  
Air Ventilation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Rc Frame Structures ◽  
Infilled Rc Frames

In earthquake resistant design of RC frame structures, the definition of masonry infilled frame is often split between reinforced concrete and the masonry structures. However, it is known that the frame elements and the masonry wall work as a coupled system. Additionally, a dedicate chapter for the definitions of openings size, quantity and position is missing. The definition of a full, partial or non-masonry infilled frame with opening is not establish in engineering and architectural codes; rather, recommendations are given. A competent masonry infilled frame with openings would mean to correlate the architectural and engineering concepts as to define an engineered or non-engineered infilled wall. Likewise, certain boundaries should be established using both the architectural and engineering concepts to relate the importance of illumination and air ventilation product of the openings and masonry infilled frame failure patterns.

Seismic retrofit of masonry wall infilled RC frames through external post-tensioning

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 1487-1510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gholamreza Soltanzadeh ◽  
Hanim Bin Osman ◽  
Mohammadreza Vafaei ◽  
Yousef Karimi Vahed
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Retrofit ◽  
Masonry Wall ◽  
Rc Frames ◽  
Post Tensioning ◽  
Infilled Rc Frames

scholarly journals Numerical Modeling of Masonry-infilled RC Frame

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiana A. Filippou ◽  
Nicholas C. Kyriakides ◽  
Christis Z. Chrysostomou
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Loading ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Constitutive Models ◽  
Control Analysis ◽  
Rc Frame ◽  
Initial Stiffness ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Rc Frames ◽  
Rc Frame Structures ◽  
Infilled Rc Frames

Background: The behavior of masonry-infilled Reinforced Concrete (RC) frame structures during an earthquake, has attracted the attention of structural engineers since the 1950s. Experimental and numerical studies have been carried out to investigate the behavior of masonry-infilled RC frame under in-plane loading. Objective: This paper presents a numerical model of the behavior existing masonry-infilled RC frame that was studied experimentally at the University of Patra. The objective of the present study is to identify suitable numerical constitutive models for each component of the structural system in order to create a numerical tool to model the masonry infilled RC frames in-plane behavior by accounting the frame-infill separation. Methods: A 2D masonry-infilled RC frame was developed in DIANA Finite Element Analysis (FEA) software and an eigenvalue and nonlinear structural cyclic analyses were performed. It is a 2:3 scale three-story structure with non-seismic design and detailing, subjected to in-plane cyclic loading through displacement control analysis. Results: There is a good agreement between the numerical model and experimental results through a nonlinear cyclic analysis. It was found that the numerical model has the capability to predict the initial stiffness, the ultimate stiffness, the maximum shear-force capacity, cracking- patterns and the possible failure mode of masonry-infilled RC frame. Conclusion: Therefore, this model is a reliable model of the behavior of masonry-infilled RC frame under cyclic loading including the frame-infill separation (gap opening).

scholarly journals Effects of Single and Multi Openings in Brick Infills on the Seismic Response of Infilled RC Frames

2018 ◽  
Vol 215 ◽  
pp. 01036
Author(s):  
Maidiawati ◽  
Jafril Tanjung ◽  
Hamdeni Medriosa ◽  
Yulia Hayati
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Response ◽  
Dissipated Energy ◽  
Rc Frame ◽  
Infilled Frames ◽  
Masonry Infill ◽  
Infilled Frame ◽  
Rc Frames ◽  
Central Opening ◽  
Lateral Strength ◽  
Infilled Rc Frames

Many researchers have performed a lot of studies of the seismic behavior reinforced concrete (RC) frame with masonry infill. They found that masonry infill affects the lateral strength, stiffness and ductility performance of the RC frame structures. However, when openings appeared in the panel infill for door and windows, the responses of the overall structure are entirely changed. The primary purpose of this study is to experimentally investigate the behavior of brick infilled RC frames possessing single opening and two openings. Four specimens of 1/4-scale single bay RC frames with brick infills were made that were one bare frame, one frame with full infill and two frames with infills having a central opening and two openings with the opening ratio of 25%. The specimens were tested under lateral reversed cyclic loads. Consequently, different responses of failure mechanism, lateral strength, stiffness and energy dissipated were observed among the specimens. The brick full infill failed in shear with propagation cracks in central part of the panel, but in the case of the infills with single and two openings, the cracks were dominated at the corners of the openings. The in-plane strength, stiffness and dissipated energy of infilled frames decreased when openings appeared in the panel. However, the seismic performance of brick infilled frame with the opening of 25% of panel area is better than those of bare frame. The brick infilled frames with a central opening and two openings are similar in lateral strength and dissipated energy. It seems that area and position of the openings control the seismic response to the overall infilled frame structure of the openings

Experimental evaluation of the in-plane behaviour of masonry wall infilled RC frames

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 4245-4267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomomi Suzuki ◽  
Ho Choi ◽  
Yasushi Sanada ◽  
Yoshiaki Nakano ◽  
Kazuto Matsukawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evaluation ◽  
Masonry Wall ◽  
Rc Frames ◽  
Infilled Rc Frames

scholarly journals Seismic performance of brick masonry infilled frame structures with bed joint reinforcements

2020 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 03004
Author(s):  
Maidiawati ◽  
Jafril Tanjung ◽  
Yulia Hayati ◽  
Agus ◽  
Satria Rangga
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Performance ◽  
Frame Structure ◽  
Frame Structures ◽  
Rc Frame ◽  
Infilled Frame ◽  
Rc Frames ◽  
Lateral Strength ◽  
Plane Direction ◽  
Infilled Rc Frames ◽  
Reversed Cyclic

This paper presents the evaluation of the seismic performance of brick infilled RC frame structures with bed joint reinforcements based on reversed cyclic lateral load tests. Three specimens of the structural model of 1/4 scale-down single-story single-bay brick infilled RC frame was prepared, which were brick infilled RC frames with and without bed joint reinforcements. Two specimens of brick infills with bed joint reinforcements were different in the spacing of bed joint rebars. The specimens were tested by applying a reversed cyclic lateral loading in-plane direction. During the tests, the crack propagation was observed at the peak and residual drifts of each loading cycle to recognize the failure mechanisms of the specimens. As the results, although the use of the bed joint reinforcements ineffective to increase the lateral strength of the overall infilled frame structure. The rebars in mortar bed joints role to sustain the lateral strength in plastic deformation, and provide the whole structure with high ductility. It seemed that the rebars in mortar bed joints confined the brick infills. Therefore, the infilled RC frames can survive in large deformation without failure of the infills in out of the plane direction.

scholarly journals Analytical Modeling of Masonry Infilled RC Frames and Verification with Experimental Data

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Skafida ◽  
L. Koutas ◽  
S. N. Bousias
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Analytical Modeling ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Analysis Software ◽  
Rc Frames ◽  
Lateral Response ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Rc Frame Structures ◽  
Infilled Rc Frames ◽  
Masonry Infilled Rc Frames

The assessment of the response of masonry infilled RC frame structures has been a major challenge over the last decades. While several modeling approaches have been proposed, none can cover all aspects observed in the tests. The present paper introduces a simplified model built on the approach established by Crisafulli and Carr (2007) and addresses its calibration and implementation in a nonlinear analysis software for the evaluation of the in-plane lateral response of infilled RC frames. The proposed model uses a set of elements/springs to account separately for the compressive and shear behavior of masonry. The efficiency of the modeling approach is validated with available experimental data, yielding satisfactory matching. The most intricate issue encountered when attempting to represent a masonry panel is the plethora of the material parameters involved and the lack of complete and available test results. Thus, the numerical investigation is accompanied by a parametric study on the sensitivity of the model to the various parameters to identify the critical modeling quantities and provide guidance on their selection.

scholarly journals Seismic Response of RC Frames with a Soft First Story Retrofitted with Hysteretic Dampers under Near-Fault Earthquakes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1290
Author(s):  
Santiago Mota-Páez ◽  
David Escolano-Margarit ◽  
Amadeo Benavent-Climent
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Far Field ◽  
Soft Story ◽  
Near Fault ◽  
Rc Frames ◽  
Story Drift ◽  
Number Of Cycles ◽  
Rc Frame Structures ◽  
Near Fault Earthquakes ◽  
Hysteretic Dampers

Reinforced concrete (RC) frame structures with open first stories and masonry infill walls at the upper stories are very common in seismic areas. Under strong earthquakes, most of the energy dissipation demand imposed by the earthquake concentrates in the first story, and this eventually leads the building to collapse. A very efficient and cost-effective solution for the seismic upgrading of this type of structure consists of installing hysteretic dampers in the first story. This paper investigates the response of RC soft-story frames retrofitted with hysteretic dampers subjected to near-fault ground motions in terms of maximum displacements and lateral seismic forces and compares them with those obtained by far-field earthquakes. It is found that for similar levels of total seismic input energy, the maximum displacements in the first story caused by near-fault earthquakes are about 1.3 times larger than those under far-field earthquakes, while the maximum inter-story drift in the upper stories and the distribution and values of the lateral forces are scarcely affected. It is concluded that the maximum displacements can be easily predicted from the energy balance of the structure by using appropriate values for the parameter that reflects the influence of the impulsivity of the ground motion: the so-called equivalent number of cycles.

Experimental Evaluation of Masonry-Infilled RC Frames

1996 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armin B. Mehrabi ◽  
P. Benson Shing ◽  
Michael P. Schuller ◽  
James L. Noland
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evaluation ◽  
Rc Frames ◽  
Infilled Rc Frames ◽  
Masonry Infilled Rc Frames
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