Decolourization of refinery sugar liquors with low environmental impact — a semi industrial trial

2015 ◽  
pp. 36-40
Author(s):  
Luis Bento ◽  
António Alberto Stuchi
Keyword(s):  
Transformation Process ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Industrial Installation ◽  
Anion Exchange Resins ◽  
Start Up ◽  
In Series ◽  
Sugar Plant ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Constant Quality ◽  
Exchange Resins

Amorphous sugar is a white powder sugar with 99% purity, a colour lower than 50 IU and a water content of 0.30%. This sugar is produced through a transformation process, that is, all sucrose contained in fine liquor is incorporated in the final product. There is no residual syrup formation. In consequence, fine liquor must have a high quality, especially with very low colour. Brazil company Raizen produce this kind of sugar, mainly, in two refineries: Barra Bonita and Tarumã. In these refineries, clarified liquor is decolourized with anionic resins, two steps in series. In order to improve the decolourization process in these refineries and obtain a better product with constant quality and, at the same time, to decrease the regeneration effluents and reduce the chemical costs, it was agreed to install a pilot plant in Tarumã refinery to try a combination of anion exchange resins and granular activated carbon, both regenerated chemically. The process was designed in order to send all coloured effluents, from regenerations, into the ethanol distillery. A semi-industrial installation with four 6 m3 columns was set up in the old liquid sugar plant. After start up and initial tests, the installation runs for a first trial. In this paper the decolourization process and the results of the tests are presented.

Sieving machines for smell reduction

2011 ◽  
pp. 601-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Pollex ◽  
Birgit Kerner ◽  
Rudolf Podolsky ◽  
Felix Czapla
Keyword(s):  
Organic Material ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
Modes Of Operation ◽  
Sugar Factory ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Mode Of Operation ◽  
In Series ◽  
Biogas Plants ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Settling Ponds

In September 2009, a facility was set up at the sugar factory in Nordstemmen to remove organic material contained in sugar factory waste water in order to reduce the odour of the settling ponds. Two sieving machines were installed in an empty soil settling pond. After a short start up period, around 200 t of material per day, containing approximately 10 t of pure organic material, were sieved out of the water. Two modes of operation (parallel and in series) were tested. There was a higher throughput in the operation in parallel but slightly lower separation of the organic material. A third mode of operation was an additional washing of the organic material. The washed organic material was studied in order to use the organic fraction as feed for biogas plants. The project helped to significantly reduce the smell, emitted from the soil settling ponds at Nordstemmen, over the following year.

scholarly journals How to … Level Temperature Profiles for Mat Line Dryers

2005 ◽  
Vol os-14 (2) ◽  
pp. 1558925005os-14
Author(s):  
William R. Henry
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Profiles ◽  
Machine Direction ◽  
New Production ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Mixing Distribution ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Air Mixing ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Nonwoven Mats

In addition to achieving a consistent mat formation and binder application, it is the uniformity of subsequent drying and curing that is critical to the production of high-quality thermoset nonwoven mats. Uneven drying and/or curing, especially in the cross-machine direction will result in over/under drying/curing, edge curls, web breaks and high trim and/or scrap factors. This paper reviews several design and set-up techniques that have resulted in cross-machine temperature profiles as low as +/- 1°F on a web 16 feet wide. The recent start-up of a line producing fiberglass mat (roofing shingle substrate) serves to illustrate how the control of air mixing, distribution, and flow through the product can be combined to produce a level web temperature profile. While the results pertain to a new production line, the techniques for reducing web temperature profiles may also be applied to existing dryer equipment

On the Flow Start-Up in Convergent-Divergent Nozzles

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus-Otto Opalka
Keyword(s):  
Static Pressure ◽  
Optical Glass ◽  
Incident Shock ◽  
Optical Measurements ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Test Set ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Half Angle ◽  
Set Up

Abstract Shock lube tests were carried out to investigate the influence of the divergent half angle of four planar convergent-divergent nozzles on the incident-shock formation, and on the pressure signature downstream from the nozzle. A diaphragm was mounted in the throat of these nozzles and located at the upstream edge of the test section window of high-quality optical glass through which shadowgraphs and schlieren pictures could be taken. The objectives of this investigation were to obtain optical records of the flow start-up processes in these divergent nozzles immediately after rupturing the diaphragm, and to facilitate comparisons with hydrocode computations. The optical measurements were complemented by measurements of the static pressure at three locations downstream from the nozzles. The test set-up and the results of these experiments are presented and compared with the results of one dimensional hydrocode computations.

Removal of Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Constituents by Anion Exchange Resin

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 207-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.-P. Croué ◽  
D. Violleau ◽  
C. Bodaire ◽  
B. Legube
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Atomic Ratio ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Salting Out ◽  
Anion Exchange Resins ◽  
Hydrophilic Character ◽  
Exchange Resins

The objective of this work was to compare the affinity of well characterized NOM fractions isolated from two surface waters with strong (gel matrix and macroporous matrix) and weak anion exchange resins (AER) using batch experiment conditions. The structural characterization of the fraction of NOM has shown that the higher the hydrophilic character, the lower the C/O atomic ratio, the lower the SUVA, the lower the aromatic carbon content and the lower the molecular weight. In general (not always), strong AER was more efficient to remove DOC than weak AER. For the same water source (Suwannee River), the higher the molecular weight of the NOM fraction, the lower the affinity with AER. Increasing the ionic strength favored the removal of the hydrophobic NOM fraction (“salting out” effect) while increasing the pH apparently reduced the removal of the hydrophilic NOM fraction. Results were discussed in terms of size exclusion, adsorption, anion exchange and also hydrophobic/hydrophilic repulsion.

scholarly journals Impact of anion exchange adsorbents on regional citrate anticoagulation

2020 ◽  
pp. 039139882094773
Author(s):  
Karin Strobl ◽  
Stephan Harm ◽  
Ute Fichtinger ◽  
Claudia Schildböck ◽  
Jens Hartmann
Keyword(s):  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Regional Citrate Anticoagulation ◽  
Liver Support ◽  
Anion Exchange Resins ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Extracorporeal Liver Support ◽  
Target Molecules ◽  
Exchange Resins ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Heparin and citrate are commonly used anticoagulants in membrane/adsorption based extracorporeal liver support systems. However, anion exchange resins employed for the removal of negatively charged target molecules including bilirubin may also deplete these anticoagulants due to their negative charge. The aim of this study was to evaluate the adsorption of citrate by anion exchange resins and the impact on extracorporeal Ca2+ concentrations. Methods: Liver support treatments were simulated in vitro. Citrate and Ca2+ concentrations were measured pre and post albumin filter as well as pre and post adsorbents. In addition, batch experiments were performed to quantify citrate adsorption. Results: Pre albumin filter target Ca2+ concentrations were reached well with only minor deviations. Citrate was adsorbed by anion exchange resins, resulting in a higher Ca2+ concentration downstream of the adsorbent cartridges during the first hour of treatment. Conclusions: The anion exchange resin depletes citrate, leading to an increased Ca2+ concentration in the extracorporeal circuit, which may cause an increased risk of clotting during the first hour of treatment. An increase of citrate infusion during the first hour of treatment should therefore be considered to compensate for the adsorption of citrate.

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