scholarly journals Diagnostics of Financing the System of Public Health in the Kyrgyzstan Republic and its Modernization

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damira Japarova
Keyword(s):  
Medical Service ◽  
Regulatory Mechanism ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Health Financing ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
Health Programs ◽  
Kyrgyz Republic ◽  
Health Organizations ◽  
Compulsory Health Insurance ◽  
Insured Patient

Despite the multi-channel resources, the financial sources of state health programs do not cover the needs of their implementation in the Kyrgyz Republic. The residual principle of health financing keeps unchanged and the amount of financing does not match the real health needs. The variety of problems in financing, the ambiguity of their positive practical solutions and controversy of theoretical aspects makes the research topic particularly relevant. No funds are allocated for prevention, and this type of medical service remains formally, just on paper. The main drawback of compulsory health insurance is the lack of forms for the insured patient to participate in the economic system of insurance relations. In this connection, it is relevant to develop a mechanism for attracting additional sources of financing. To increase the interest of commercial structure to this structure, it is proposed to introduce personalized accounting of compulsory medical insurance. Informal payments in medicine shouldn’t be considered as a “bribe”, since this type of payment for medical services acts as an addition to the market price in the absence of an adequate regulatory mechanism by the state, and it is impossible to cancel such a mechanism. The only way to formalize them is legalization. Revenues from paid services should be the source of the own fund of health organizations and used primarily to increase the salaries of medical workers.

scholarly journals None Budgetary Forms of Health Funding in the KR

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damira Japarova
Keyword(s):  
Medical Service ◽  
Regulatory Mechanism ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Preferential Treatment ◽  
Informal Payment ◽  
Health Funding ◽  
Cost Of Drugs ◽  
The Cost

In Kyrgyzstan, significant share of the state funds used on the preferential treatment and financing of treatment other patients largely tolerated by themselves. However, the replacement of free services with paid ones occurs spontaneously and haphazardly. The strategy of replacement of free Medicare to paid in official documents and normative acts are not formulated, however, it really exists. With the introduction of co- payment system, patients are forced repeatedly pay for the same medical service, eventually not having a warranty for complete recovery. Many administrators in medicine believe that they do not need to take co-payment from patients, because the patients buying medicines themselves, and in this regard, there are many claims and perturbations on this subject. Our point of view, informal payments in medicine, i.e., unofficial payments to the doctor should not be seen as a "bribe". In the absence of a regulatory mechanism, the informal payment for services acts as a state-nonregulated addition to the market price, this cannot be canceled or destroyed. The only way to put them to some kind of framework - is legalization these payments. Special funds, or receipts from paid services should become a source of own fund of a polyclinic or hospital, which can be used first of all for increasing the salaries of medical workers. Instead of fixed co-payments in medical care, it is advisable to introduce co-payment in relation to medicines, i.e. pay part of the cost of drugs used in the treatment of the patient.

scholarly journals Analysis of Financing Practice of the State Healthcare System in the Kyrgyz Republic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damira Japarova
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Financing ◽  
The State ◽  
Insurance Fund ◽  
Kyrgyz Republic ◽  
Health Organizations ◽  
State Budget ◽  
National Budget ◽  
Public Health Organizations ◽  
Potential Sources

Health care in the Kyrgyz Republic is financed from the following sources: the national budget, the funds of the Compulsory Health Insurance Fund and the local budget of the city of Bishkek, as well as co-payments of patients. Financial resources received from the state budget to finance the State Guarantee Program do not meet its real needs. The Kyrgyz Republic maintains a residual principle of health financing. Finding potential sources of resources for health and identifying ways to distribute and use them effectively requires better funding for public health organizations. In this regard, it is relevant to develop a mechanism to attract additional sources of funding and their effective use. The article assesses the sources of funding for public health organizations and examines potential sources of the public health system.

How Much does Improved Medical Service Affect Infant Mortality?

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 638-638
Author(s):  
Arnold Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Medical Service ◽  
Health Programs ◽  
Community Health Programs ◽  
Delivery Of Medical Care

The meaning of the article by Dr. Chabot in Pediatrics, June 1971 concerning improved infant mortality between 1964 and 1968 in Denver puzzled me. I wonder whether there is any relation between the improved community health programs described and the happy results presented. Surely, many factors other than medical care affect infant mortality. For example, I wonder whether the author would suggest that the startling (to me) rise in infant mortality noted in Table II for Boston, Buffalo, Phoenix, Pittsburgh and Seattle, resulted from poorer delivery of medical care.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF MEDICAL SERVICE CONTROL PROCESS IN THE SCOPE OF COMPULSORY HEALTH INSURANCE PROGRAM

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 40-48
Author(s):  
M. A. Taranik ◽  
G. D. Kopanitsa
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Medical Service ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Clinical Service ◽  
Medical Documentation ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Insurance Program ◽  
Health Insurance Program ◽  
Compulsory Health Insurance ◽  
Clinical Records

The relevance of the presented paper deals with the necessity of determining problems and effective solutions for medical organizations on the stage of medical documentation reports control purposely for forecasting the average of financial resources that can be obtained in the scope of compulsory health insurance program.The aim of the study – for the purpose of further issues definition present formal model of the analyzed process using a set of system analysis methods.Material and methods. System analysis methods, especially IDEF0 diagrams and activity diagrams, for estimation of medical expert’s agreement Cohen’s kappa was used.The results. Based on the specification documents and expert’s experience the spread description on the process the control of volume, duration, quality and conditions of medical service assignment by medical organizations conducted by medical insurance organization was presented. Inputs, outputs, elements of management and executives were determined. As a result of decomposition, subprocesess were presented within activity diagrams.Conclusions. The obtained results of research allows to conclude that there is a set of problems which appear when medical organizations send reports for getting financial resources for clinical service realization in the scope of compulsory health insurance program. On the grounds of determined problems, we can conclude that it is necessary to develop an intellectual information system for estimating clinical records concerning getting financial resources for clinical service. In respect that human factor influence on the main stages of the analyzed process, we propose to use fuzzy logic as an inference engine. The self-learning function of the system will provide case-based reasoning.

scholarly journals Trends in out of pocket payments and catastrophic health expenditure in the Kyrgyz Republic post “Manas Taalimi” and  “Den Sooluk” health reforms, 2012 - 2018

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariia Iamschikova ◽  
Roman Mogilevskii ◽  
Michael N Onah
Keyword(s):  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Health Financing ◽  
Household Consumption ◽  
Catastrophic Health Expenditure ◽  
Kyrgyz Republic ◽  
Consumption Expenditure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Financial Barriers ◽  
Health Reforms ◽  
Out Of Pocket Payments

Abstract Background: Over the years, the Kyrgyz Republic has implemented health reforms that target health financing with the aim of removing financial barriers to healthcare including out-of-pocket health payments (OOPPs). This study examines the trends in OOPPs and the incidence of catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) post the “Manas Taalimi” and “Den Sooluk” health reforms. Methods: We used data from the Kyrgyzstan Integrated Household Surveys (2012 – 2018). Population-weighted descriptive statistics were used to examine the trends in OOPPs and CHE at three thresholds; 10 percent of total household consumption expenditure (Cata10), 25 percent of total household consumption expenditure (Cata25) and 40 percent of total household non-food consumption expenditure (Cata40). Panel and cross-sectional logistic regression with marginal effects were used to examine the predictors of Cata10 and Cata40. Findings: Between 2012 and 2018, OOPPs increased by about US $6 and inpatient costs placed the highest cost burden on users (US $13.6), followed by self-treatment (US $10.7), and outpatient costs (US $9). Medication continues to predominantly drive inpatient, outpatient, and self-treatment OOPPs. About 0.378 to 2.084 million people (6 – 33 percent) of the population incurred catastrophic health expenditure at the three thresholds between 2012 and 2018. Residing in households headed by a widowed or single head, or residing in rural regions, increases the likelihood of incurring catastrophic health expenditure. Conclusions: The initial gains in the reduction of OOPPs and catastrophic health expenditure appear to gradually erode since costs continue to increase after an initial decline and catastrophic health expenditure continues to rise unabated. This implies that households are increasingly incurring economic hardship from seeking healthcare. Considering that this could result to forgone expenditure on essential items including food and education, efforts should target the sustainability of these health reforms to sustain the reduction of catastrophic health payments and its dire consequences.

scholarly journals Trends in out of pocket payments and catastrophic health expenditure in the Kyrgyz Republic post “Manas Taalimi” and  “Den Sooluk” health reforms, 2012 - 2018

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariia Iamschikova ◽  
Roman Mogilevskii ◽  
Michael N Onah
Keyword(s):  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Health Financing ◽  
Household Consumption ◽  
Catastrophic Health Expenditure ◽  
Kyrgyz Republic ◽  
Consumption Expenditure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Financial Barriers ◽  
Health Reforms ◽  
Out Of Pocket Payments

Abstract Background: Over the years, the Kyrgyz Republic has implemented health reforms that target health financing with the aim of removing financial barriers to healthcare including out-of-pocket health payments (OOPPs). This study examines the trends in OOPPs and the incidence of catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) post the “Manas Taalimi” and “Den Sooluk” health reforms. Methods: We used data from the Kyrgyzstan Integrated Household Surveys (2012 – 2018). Population-weighted descriptive statistics were used to examine the trends in OOPPs and CHE at three thresholds; 10 percent of total household consumption expenditure (Cata10), 25 percent of total household consumption expenditure (Cata25) and 40 percent of total household non-food consumption expenditure (Cata40). Panel and cross-sectional logistic regression with marginal effects were used to examine the predictors of Cata10 and Cata40. Findings: Between 2012 and 2018, OOPPs increased by about US $6 and inpatient costs placed the highest cost burden on users (US $13.6), followed by self-treatment (US $10.7), and outpatient costs (US $9). Medication continues to predominantly drive inpatient, outpatient, and self-treatment OOPPs. About 0.378 to 2.084 million people (6 – 33 percent) of the population incurred catastrophic health expenditure at the three thresholds between 2012 and 2018. Residing in households headed by a widowed or single head, or residing in rural regions, increases the likelihood of incurring catastrophic health expenditure.Conclusions: The initial gains in the reduction of OOPPs and catastrophic health expenditure appear to gradually erode since costs continue to increase after an initial decline and catastrophic health expenditure continues to rise unabated. This implies that households are increasingly incurring economic hardship from seeking healthcare. Considering that this could result to forgone expenditure on essential items including food and education, efforts should target the sustainability of these health reforms to sustain the reduction of catastrophic health payments and its dire consequences.

TRENDS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1952 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-251
Keyword(s):  
American Medical Association ◽  
Health Program ◽  
Health Professions ◽  
Board Of Trustees ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
Constructive Thinking ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
The Public ◽  
Practical Politics ◽  
Compulsory Health Insurance

LAST week President Truman announced the creation of a Commission on the Health Needs of the Nation that he said would "make a searching inquiry into the facts and give us the benefit of objective and constructive thinking on these problems which are of vital concern to every American." This newspaper in editorial comment last Sunday welcomed the President's move, saying that the new commission "should be a forward step toward breaking the deadlock that has existed on constructive action for a positive health program." The editorial added: "The ability, stature and reputation of the new commission, which is to be headed by Dr. Paul B. Magnuson, insure the professional knowledge and maturity of judgment that will be needed to make workable recommendations for solving these problems. It is a commission in which both the public and the health professions can have confidence." The day the commission membership was announced, however, one appointee, Dr. Gunnar Gundersen, La Crosse, Wis., a member of the board of trustees of the American Medical Association asked that his name be removed from its membership. He said, "I believe I am correct in assuming that the commission is designed, both in its majority membership and its objectives, as an instrument of practical politics to relieve President Truman of an embarrassing position as an unsuccessful advocate of compulsory health insurance."

Addressing the Health Needs of the Aged in the U.S.A.

1980 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas W. Elwood
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
Health Programs ◽  
Behavioral Factors ◽  
Rate Of Growth ◽  
Structural Aspects

The segment of the population consisting of those sixty-five years of age and older will continue to grow in both absolute and relative terms. The fastest rate of growth will occur among those in the oldest age brackets where there is a greater amount of disability. Certain health problems are associated with behavioral factors that are sometimes amenable to educational interventions. This paper discusses structural aspects of the health care system that make such intervention efforts more difficult. An incomplete array of health programs, inadequate benefits, and lack of suitable training for health professionals are among the items considered.

scholarly journals Nursing Home as a Hospital for Medical-Social Service of Elderly People in Kyrgyz Republic

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
M. Arstanbekova ◽  
Z. Aidarov ◽  
S. Mamatov ◽  
N. Toktogulova
Keyword(s):  
Social Service ◽  
Medical Service ◽  
Service System ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Kyrgyz Republic ◽  
Third Place ◽  
High Quality Medical Care ◽  
Quality Medical Care ◽  
Medical Service System

The article presents data on the activities of the Bishkek Social Stationary Institution of a general type for the elderly and people with disabilities. There are 201 people in this Institution, among them a number of men — 107, a number of women — 94, the average age of the wards is 75 years old. The national composition: prevails Russian — 98 people, Kyrgyz — 62 people, Ukrainians — 15 people, other places are represented by other nations. Among the diseases of the wards, the first place is occupied by cardiovascular diseases (138 people), in second place — neurological diseases (99 people) and third place in the gastrointestinal tract (75 people). In order to provide high-quality medical care to the clients, the improvement of the existing medical service system is required.

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